1、旅游资料的汉译英,旅游资料,旅游资料是指以普通旅游者为对象，介绍旅游点的历史与现状、旅游点的特色等的各种资料。旅游资料属于对外宣传资料，旅游资料的汉译英即是为了吸引外国游客，传播中国文化，激发他们参观景点的兴趣、增加参观的兴趣，同时增加对中国历史、文化的了解。,翻译方法： 古地名、古官职、古年份的翻译 典故的翻译 景点名的翻译 饮食文化的翻译 旅游资料图片说明文字的翻译 句与篇章的翻译,一、古地名、古官职、古年份的翻译,把古时的地名、官衔及年份改写为现在的地名、官衔、年份蓉城新姿 new looks of Chengdu, Sichuan 春城暮色 sunset at Kunming, Yun
2、nan刘备章武三年病故白帝城，五月归葬于成都。Liu Bei died of illness in 233 atWhite King town( at present day Fengjie County,Sichuan province)and was buried in Chengdu in May。,二、典故的翻译,典故是旅游资料中一种常见的文化现象，出自历史事件、寓言、神话、传说、谚语，某些作品等。其特点是源远流长，富含较浓厚的民族色彩，因结构固定，义在言外，已失去指称意义，只有语用意义，在直译以后读者无法理解典故含义时，要对典故作适当转换。,(1) 直译、加注和释义采取直译加注其背景
3、知识和解释原文含义，避免损 失其民族色彩形象性和联想意义：叶公好龙 Lord Yes love of dragons ( Lord Ye was do fond of dragons that he adorned his whole palace with drawing and carvings of them. But when a real dragon heard of his affection and paid him a visit he was frightened out of his wits)美女话西施 The most beauty is Xi Shi ( the m
4、ost beautiful woman in Chinese history),(2) 补译、音译和意译结合：昭君出塞 Wang Zhaojuns Marriage to the King of the Xiongnu.(3) 意译向译文读者忠实地转达原文信息，有时要作适当的文化转换，如：“玉兔”为什么英译成“ Moon Rabbit ”而不译成“ Jade Rabbit”?原因在于：“玉免”乃我国神话中陪伴吴刚生活在月宫挂花树下的兔子，因此，它又成为月的代称。将它译成Moon Rabbit体现了我国古老文化的风味，这样翻译不易产生异解，不会误认为是玉做成的兔子。,三、景点名的翻译,景点名是旅
5、游的向导，是社会交往的媒介。在信息化社会中，景点名在国际政治、经济、外交、外贸、科技、文化交流、新闻出版以及社会生活方面都起着非常重要的作用。,景 点 名 称 的 翻 译,专有名词+种类名称,Transliteration Liberal translation,Literal traslation,景 点 名 称 的 翻 译,(1) 拼音+ 直译豫园Yu - Garden 龙华塔Longhua - Pagoda 漓江Li - River 少林寺Shaolin - Temple (2) 拼音+ 拼音+ 直译 太湖Taihu - Lake 泰山Taishan - Mountain (3) 直译+
6、 直译 玉佛寺Jade - Buddha Temple 虎丘Tiger Hill钟楼Clock Tower 碑林Stone Forest(4)约定俗成长城the Great Wall 故宫the Imperial Palace 颐和园the Summer Palace 芦沟桥the Marco-Polo Bridge,地 名 的 翻 译,（一）、专名是单音节的英译法 1、恒山 Hengshan Mountain （山西） 2、淮河 the Huaihe River （河南、安徽、江苏） 3、巢湖 the Chaohu Lake （安徽） 4、渤海 the Bohai Sea （辽宁、山东） 5
7、、韩江 the Hanjiang River （广东） 6、礼县 Lixian County （甘肃陇南地区）,（二）、通名专名化的英译法 1、都江堰市 Dujiangyan City （比较： the Dujiang Weir）（四川） 2、绥芬河市 Suifenhe City （比较：the Suifen River）（黑龙江） 3、白水江自然保护区 Baishuijiang Nature Reserve（比较：the baishui river）（甘肃） 4、青铜峡水利枢纽 Qingtongxia Water Control Project（比较：the Qingtong Gorge）（
8、宁厦） 5、武夷山自然保护区 Wryishan Nature Reserve（比较：Wuyi Mountain）（福建） 6、西湖区风景名胜区 Scenic Spots and Historic Sites of Xihu（比较：the West lake）（浙江杭州）,（三）、通名是同一个汉字的多种译法1、山 1）mount：峨眉山 Mount Emei（四川峨眉） 2）mountain： 五台山Wutai Mountain（山西） 3）hill：象鼻山 the Elephant Hill（广西桂林） 4）island：大屿山 Lantau Island（香港） 5）range：念青唐古拉山
9、 the Nyainqentanglha Range（西藏） 6）peak：拉旗山 Victoria Peak（香港） 7）rock：狮子山 Lion Rock（香港）,2、海 1）sea：东海，the East China Sea 2）lake：邛海the Qionghai Lake（四川西昌） 3）horbour：大滩海Long Harbour（香港） 4）port：牛尾海Port Shelter（香港） 5）forest：蜀南竹海the Bamboo Forest in Southern Sichuan(四川长岭),人文景观的种类名称一般包括寺( temple)、塔(pagoda)、楼(
10、tower)、宫(palace)、庙( temple)、陵( tomb, mausoleum)、祠(shrine)、园(garden)、山庄(villa)、亭(pavilion)、庵(convent, nunnery)、阁(hall pavilion)、斋(house, hall study, room)、故居( former residence)、石窟(grotto)、园林 (garden, park)。,光孝寺: Guangxiao temple, 能仁寺: Nengren Temple 五仙观: Wuxianguan (Five-Immortal) Temple,佛山祖庙: Foshan
11、 Ancestral Temple 九龙十八滩: Jiulong Shiba Shoals惠州西湖: West Lake in Huizhou。,（四）我国少数民族的地名不用汉语拼音音译,而应按该民族的语言拼写 。拉萨 Lhasa 乌鲁木齐Urnmclu或Urumqi呼和浩特Huhhot 或Huhehot 厦门(Amoy) 广州(Canton) 香港( HongKong) 澳门(Macao),四、饮食文化的翻译,我国由于历史和地域的不同，形成众多菜系及佳肴,在翻译时要充分考虑它们的中、西文化差异、原料成份及烹调方法等等。,(1) 直译（烹饪方法+原料名）：清蒸桂鱼 Steamed Mandar
12、in Fish 回锅肉 Twice-cooked Pork 炖牛肉 Stewed Beef (2) 意译：红茶 Black Tea 冰糖燕窝 A bird Nest Soup with Rock Sugar (3) 音译+释义：饺子 Jiaozi (Chinese-style Ravioli) 包子 Baozi (Stuffed Bun) (4) 意译+释义：全家福 Happy Family-A combination of shrimps, pork beef, chicken, lobster and mixed vegetables with brown sauce (5) 音译+意译：
13、麻婆豆腐 Bean Curd Sichuan Style,五、旅游资料图片说明文字的翻译,旅游资料的图片具有形式简洁，内容明了，信息翔实，宣传生动的特点，其说明文字的翻译技巧如下：（1）一般采用英语的词、词组或短语来译即用名词、名词性短语、名词介词短语和分词短语等；如：北京故宫午门 The Meridian of the Imperial Palace in Peking 风光如画的湖南张家界 The Picturesque Zhangjiajie Hunan Province新建的集佛教、旅游、文化为一体的观光渡假区A newly-built sightseeing and holiday-
14、making zone integrated with Buddhist features cultural facilities and tourism services。,(2) 根据图片内容，选择改译、直译、意译或加注；如：人间天堂 Paradise on Earth天府之国 the land of Plenty or a heavenly kingdom厦门一瞥 Xiamen / A corner of Xiamen /A birds eye view of Xiamen七仙岭温泉(海南省温度最高、泉眼最多的温泉) The Seven Fairy Maidens Spa (with t
15、he hottest temperature and the largest number of springs) in Hainan.,六、句与篇章,(1) 直译，完全保留汉语的指称意义和句子言内意义，求得内容与形式相符的方法。如：仁者乐山，智者乐水。The benevolent love mountains and the knowledgeable love water. 上有天堂，下有苏杭。Above is paradise, below are Suzhou and Hangzhou . In heaven is paradise, on earth are Suzhou and H
16、angzhou .,五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳。Trips to five great mountains render trips to other mountains unnecessary, and a trip to Huangshan renders trips to the five great mountains unnecessary.举头望明月，低头思故乡。Looking up, I see the bright moon; hanging down my head, I feel nostalgic.Raising my head, I see the moon so
17、bright; withdrawing my eyes, my nostalgia come around.,(2 ) 直译、意译并把汉语的并列句译为复杂句，使译文简练、活泼。如： 天涯海角，海天一色，居石雄踞，墨守纷呈，是富有传奇色彩的名 古迹 。 The sea and the sky merging on the horizon ,the huge rocks here with exquisite calligraphic pieces by past masters ,are full of legends and traditions.古树摇曳春秋，山花自谢自开，植被茸茸生烟。 A
18、ged trees wave the seasons by, amid carpets of wild flowers and thick green vegetation。 (用一状语突出植被葱绿，山花烂漫，树苍劲)杭州的龙井茶是中国茶之上品，必须用老虎泉的水，才能泡出最香醇味道。 Hangzhous Longjing Tea, the best of green tea, requires the water from the Tiger Spring to bring out its most fragrant flavor and delicious taste.,(3) 删减和改写，
19、适当压缩字面信息，提炼原文的主要信息：奇特秀丽的海景、山景和石景，海山相连，相得益彰，蔚为奇观。Wonders of nature-hills, the sea and rocks present a splendid sight. 团结湖北京考鸭店为全聚徳挂炉烤鸭。为保证宾客品尝精美风味，全部现吃现烤。精纯北京白鸭，以果木挂炉制，只需40分钟就能品尝到为你特别烤制的色泽枣红，香酥脆嫰，浓香四益的正宗烤鸭。Tuanjiehu Beijing Roast Duck Restaurant uses only the finest Beijing Ducks which are only roast
20、ed after you place your order. Preparation takes 40 minutes ,after which we will serve you with a delicious, golden red Beijing Duck with crunchy skin.,(4) 分译含有多层意思的汉语长句，使关系更清晰，更符合英语表达：漫步山间时，听得四处竹林间的淙淙泉声，众多的细泉汇成一条狭长而深邃的小溪，顺山势而下，及至悬崖处，猛然跌落二三丈，形成一瀑布，水珠飞溅，凉透肌肤。Strolling along the path you can hear spri
21、ngs singing everywhere in the bamboo forest. Several little springs assemble into a narrow but deep little river running along the mountainside Meeting a small cliff, it falls down two or three feet with drops, splashing and forming a thin water curtain which gently covers your skin.,(5) 音译、释义结合，译出其
22、蕴藏义：还有传说中的白鹤泉和笑啼崖。There are legendary Baihe (white crane) spring and Xiaoti (laugh and cry) cliff.(6) 增译：对句中碍于理解的关键人物或事情作补充解释其相关背景资料：听说苏东坡曾在冰泉上“书扇判案”。Su Dongpo is said to have handled a court case in the cold spring for the owner of a fan shop, for Su was a famous painter, calligrapher, as well as a
23、 poet.,(7) 编译：对原文做较大的调整，只求译文大致起着原文效果：杨贵妃名叫杨玉环，唐开元年间人，是州司户杨玄炎的后代，相传她出生时，左臂上隐有“太真”二字，故名“玉环”。天生丽质姿容绝艳，涕泪好似红冰，沁汗尤如香玉，容貌之美到了“回眸一笑百媚生，六宫粉黛无颜色”的程度。Yang Gui Fei (719-756) before she became an imperial consort, was Yang Yuhuan, a daughter of local official in Sichuan in the Tang Dynasty. She grew up to be a
24、rare beauty.,(8) 类比：对于外国游客不了解的相关知识，采用英语文化中相似的内容来译：中国的春节和西方国家的圣诞节一样，是一年中最重要的节日，是合家团聚的时候。Like Christmas in the west, the Spring Festival is the most important one in a year and also the time for all the members of the family to get together. 济公抢劫福济穷，深受穷人喜欢。Jigong, Robin Hood in China, robbed the rich
25、and helped the poor, he was loved deeply by the poor.,翻译原则,以中文旅游资料为本，在翻译时要吃透原文，即 要准确传达原文中的信息，又要表现出原文中的化渊源与文化色彩。译文忠实于原文又不拘泥原文，灵活运用各种翻译技巧，进行文字的转化与文化的播迁。,1） 端午节那天，人们都要吃粽子。During the Dragon Boat Festival (which falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month), it is a common practice to eat Zongzi, whic
26、h is a rice pudding wrapped up with weed leaves. 2）路左有一巨石，石上原有苏东坡手书“云外流春”四个大字。To its left is a rock formerly engraved with four big Chinese characters Yun Wai Liu Chun (Beyond clouds flows spring) hand-written by Su Dongpo (1037-1101), the most versatile poet Of the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127).
27、 “云外流春”直接拼写出来让外国读者不知其意，所以还需将其意翻译出来。 而普通外国人也很难知道苏东坡其人，因此译文增加了对苏东坡的介绍，说明了“云外流春”四个字的文物价值。,3）烟水苍茫月色迷，渔舟晚泊栈桥西。乘凉每至黄昏后，人依栏杆水拍堤。 这是古人赞美青岛海滨的诗句。青岛是一座风光秀丽的海滨城市，夏天酷暑，冬天严寒。西起胶州湾入海处的团岛，冬至崂山风景区的下清宫，绵延80多华里的海滨组成了一幅绚烂多彩的长轴画卷。Qingdao is a beautiful coastal city. It is not hot in summer and not cold in winter. The 4
28、0-km-long scenic line begins from Tuan Island at the west end to Xiaqing Gong of Mount Lao at the east end.译文把古诗全部删减不译，但并不影响读者对原文其他信息的理解。事实上，译文第一句“Qingdao is a beautiful coastal city”对古诗进行了简洁的概括，也传达出了原文想要传达的信息。 4）这些山峰，连同山上绿竹翠柳、岸边的村民农舍，时而化入水中，时而化入天际，真是“果然佳胜在兴平”。These hills and green bamboo and farm h
29、ouses merge with their reflections in the river and lead visitors to a dreamy world.,Translate the following,长沙位于湖南东北部，湖南省省会，是一座有三千多年历史的古城。名胜古迹有岳簏山、橘子洲、天心阁等。还有一些与毛泽东主席革命活动有关的地方，例如清水塘、船山学社及第一师范等。,Located in northeastern Hunan, Changsha, capital of Hunan Province, is an old city dating back more than
30、3,000years.Its scenic spots and historical sites include Mt Yuelu., Orange Islet, TianxinTower on the highest city wall and so on. There are also some historical sites of revolution relating to activities of the late Chairman Mao Zedong, such as Qingshuitang (Clear Water Pond). Changsha Society and
31、Hunan First Normal College.,岳阳在长沙北，洞庭湖与长江交汇处，以岳阳楼而闻名于世。岳阳楼在洞庭湖边，岳阳古城的西城门上。洞庭湖乃中国第二大淡水湖。宋朝大文豪范仲淹曾在岳阳楼记中写到：“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”。如此佳句与岳阳楼一齐声名远播。岳阳市内还有许多其他名胜古迹。,Located at the conference of the Dongting Lake and the Chngjiang River to The north of Changsha, Yueyang is noted for its tower. Yueyang Tower jus
32、t stands on the west Gate of the old city walls by the Dongting Lake, the second largest fresh-water lake in China. Fan Zhongyan , a great scholar of the Song Dynasty, wrote the couplet in his famous article “Panegyric on Yueyang Tower” “To be the first to show concern to others and the last to enjo
33、y universal happiness”.The couplet together with the tower has been known far and wide through all ages.There are many other places of historical interest in Yueyang City.,祈年殿 烽火台 黄果树瀑布 避暑山庄 龙门石窟 苏州园林 庐山,实例演练,峨嵋山 大运河 滇池 杜甫草堂 鼓浪屿,甘露寺 黄花岗七十二烈士墓 华清池 昭君墓 毛泽东故居,Emei mountain is situated in Sichuan provin
34、ce in southwestern China，156 kilometers from Chengdu，spending 15 hours through expressway Since Jin dynasty， it is a place where Buddhism rites are performed，and its one of four most famous Buddhism mountains，with more than one thousand years of cultureWith many mountains in rapid sequence ，ageold t
35、rees，natural falls and spring，Emei mountain has wonderful and amusing sceneryEmei mountain has been embodied as World Heritage of nature and culture by UNESCO in 1996,祈年殿 Qi Nian Dian(the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest) 烽火台 the Beacon Tower 黄果树瀑布Huangguoshu Falls 避暑山庄the Imperial Mountain Summer Re
36、sort 龙门石窟Longmen Stone Cave 苏州园林Suzhou Gardens 庐山 Lushan Mountain,峨嵋山Emei Mountain 大运河 Grand Canal 滇池 Dianchi Lake 杜甫草堂 Du Fu Cottage 鼓浪屿Gulangyu Islet,甘露寺 Sweet Dew Temple 黄花岗七十二烈士墓 Mausoleum of the 72 Martyrs 华清池 Huaqing Hot Spring 昭君墓 Zhaojuns Tomb 毛泽东故居Mao Zedongs former Residence,峨眉山坐落在中国西南部的四川
37、省，从成都出发156千米，走高速大约1个半小时。从晋朝开始，就在那里发现了佛教的遗址，而且它是著名的四大佛山之一，有超过一千年的文化历史。峨眉山有许多山、古树、自然瀑布和泉水，是一处美妙而又有趣的景点。峨眉山已体现在1996年被联合国教科文组织列为世界自然与文化遗产。 Emei mountain is situated in Sichuan province in southwestern China，156 kilometers from Chengdu，spending 15 hours through expressway Since Jin dynasty， it is a place
38、 where Buddhism rites are performed，and its one of four most famous Buddhism mountains，with more than one thousand years of cultureWith many mountains in rapid sequence ，ageold trees，natural falls and spring，Emei mountain has wonderful and amusing sceneryEmei mountain has been embodied as World Heri
39、tage of nature and culture by UNESCO in 1996,欢迎各位参加“丝绸之路游”， 为期两周的游览将成为您一生中最难忘的经历之一。丝绸之路的历史可以追溯到公元前2世纪，当时一名中国官员、朝廷使者张骞沿着这条连接亚欧两大洲的贸易通道出使西域。这条通道源于长安城（今天的西安）， 一路穿越陕西省、甘肃省境内的河西走廊、新疆塔里木盆地、帕米尔山区、阿富汗、伊朗、伊拉克以及叙利亚，最后抵达地中海的东岸，全程七千公里，其中有四千多公里的路段在中国境内。15世纪前的一千多年里，中国通过这条通道给西域各国带区了丝绸织物、火药、造纸术和印刷术。同时，这条通道给我们引进了佛教，
40、伊斯兰教，以及葡萄、核桃、石榴、黄瓜、玻璃、香水等产品。因为中国丝绸是沿着这条道进入西方国家的，所有欧洲学者将此道称作“丝绸之路”。 丝绸之路沿途的大批历史人物、引人入胜的自然风景以及富有情趣的地方文化，使这一长途远游成了世界上最精彩的旅游项目之一。在丝绸之路的中国段，沿线散居着许多少数民族，他们对来自世界各地的游客都以礼相待，热情好客。这里的食物和工艺品不同于中国中部的食物和工艺品。这里的民间传说，如同天方夜谭一般神奇，听来别有一番情趣。我社安排的“丝绸之路游”，始于西安古城，止于新疆首府乌鲁木齐，期间我们还要游览兰州、敦煌以及吐鲁番。沿线您可以领略自然景观的魅力，欣赏古代艺术家高超的工艺，
41、品尝地方风味小吃，结识当地居民。这次游览一定会给您留下可与家人朋友共享的美好回忆。,篇章翻译（一） (旅游英语口语风格的翻译，背景知识对翻译的重要性 )丝 绸 之 路 欢迎各位参加“丝绸之路游”， 为期两周的游览将成为您一生中最难忘的经历之一。Welcome to our Silk Road Tour. This two-week tour/ trip/ excursion will (may) turn out to be one of the most unforgettable (memorable) experiences in your life.,2. 丝绸之路的历史可以追溯到公元
42、前2世纪，当时一名中国官员、朝廷使者张骞沿着这条连接亚欧两大洲的贸易通道出使西域。The Silk Road can be traced back to (traces back to/ dates back to ) the second century before B.C., when Zhang Qian, a Chinese official and imperial envoy, went on business to Xiyu (the Western Regiion) along this trade route that linked (joined/ connected )
43、 connectingAsia and Europe.,3. 这条通道源于长安城（今天的西安）， 一路穿越陕西省、甘肃省境内的河西走廊、新疆塔里木盆地、帕米尔山区、阿富汗、伊朗、伊拉克以及叙利亚，最后抵达地中海的东岸，全程七千公里，其中有四千多公里的路段在中国境内。The route began at Changan City (the present Xian), passed Shanxi province, the Hexi Corridor in (of) Gansu Province, the Tarim Basin and the Pamir mountains in Xinjia
44、ng Autonomous Region, as well as such foreign countries as Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq and Syria, and finally (it) reached (ended at) the eastern coast (shores ) of the Mediterranean. Of the routes 7,000 kilometers, over (more than ) 4, 000 were within Chinese territory. It was 7,000 kilometers with mor
45、e than 4,000 in China.,4. 15世纪前的一千多年里，中国通过这条通道给西域各国带区了丝绸织物、火药、造纸术和印刷术。For the more than 1,000 years (the millennium) before the 15th century, through (along, via) this route Chinese brought (dispatched/ delivered/sent) to the West (to Western countries) their silk cloth (fabrics), gunpowder, paper-m
46、aking technique, and printing technique.,5. 同时，这条通道给我们引进了佛教，伊斯兰教，以及葡萄、核桃、石榴、黄瓜、玻璃、香水等产品。Meanwhile, through this route, we Chinese introduced from foreign countries Buddhism and Islam as well as such products as grapes, walnuts, pomegranates, cucumbers, glass and perfume.6. 因为中国丝绸是沿着这条道进入西方国家的，所有欧洲学者
47、将此道称作“丝绸之路”。Since (As, Because) Chinas silk (the Chinese Silk) reached Western countries along this route (followed this road to enter the West), European scholars call (called) it the Silk Road.,7. 丝绸之路沿途的大批历史人物、引人入胜的自然风景以及富有情趣的地方文化，使这一长途远游成了世界上最精彩的旅游项目之一。 The Silk Road is abundant (rich) in histor
48、ical relics, attractive (enchanting) scenery (landscape) and varied local cultures, which make this long trip (journey) one of the worlds most interesting tour programs.8. 在丝绸之路的中国段，沿线散居着许多少数民族，他们对来自世界各地的游客都以礼相待，热情好客。Along the Chinese section of the route live (reside) many Chinese ethnic minorities
49、 (minority nationalities), who are polite and hospitable to visitors from other parts of the world.,9. 这里的食物和工艺品不同于中国中部的食物和工艺品。这里的民间传说，如同天方夜谭一般神奇，听来别有一番情趣。The food and crafts (handcrafts) here differ from those in he central part of China (in central China). The legends (folk legends/ folklore) here
50、 are as mysterious (miraculous) and fascinating as the stories/tales from the Arabian Nights.10. 我社安排的“丝绸之路游”，始于西安古城，止于新疆首府乌鲁木齐，期间我们还要游览兰州、敦煌以及吐鲁番。The Silk Road organized by this travel agency starts at the ancient city of Xian and finishes at Urumqi, capital of Xinjiang. Along the way, we are going tovisit Lanzhou City, Dunhuang for its murals and Turpan Basin.,
