1、BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016 Identification cards Contactless integrated circuit cards Proximity cards Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This Briti
2、sh Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016. It supersedes BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2010+A2:2012 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/17, Cards and personal identification. A list of organizations represented on this committe
3、e can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 86386 8 ICS 35.240
4、.15 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2016. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016 Identification c
5、ards Contactless integrated circuit cards Proximity cards Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface Cartes didentification Cartes circuit(s) intgr(s) sans contact Cartes de proximit Partie 2: Interface radiofrquence et des signaux de communication INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14443-2 Refe
6、rence number ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E) Third edition 2016-07-15 ISO/IEC 2016 BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016ii ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
7、utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO cop
8、yright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E)BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope .1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and defini
9、tions .1 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms .2 5 General considerations 4 5.1 Initial dialogue 4 5.2 Compliance . 4 5.2.1 PICC compliance . 4 5.2.2 PCD compliance 4 6 Power transfer 5 6.1 Frequency 5 6.2 Operating field strength 5 7 Signal interface .7 8 Communication signal interface Type A 8 8.1 Comm
10、unication PCD to PICC . 8 8.1.1 Bit rate 8 8.1.2 Modulation 9 8.1.3 Bit representation and coding .16 8.2 Communication PICC to PCD . .17 8.2.1 Bit rate .17 8.2.2 Load modulation .17 8.2.3 Subcarrier .21 8.2.4 Subcarrier modulation 21 8.2.5 Bit representation and coding .22 9 Communication signal in
11、terface Type B .22 9.1 Communication PCD to PICC . .22 9.1.1 Bit rate .22 9.1.2 Modulation .23 9.1.3 Bit representation and coding .31 9.2 Communication PICC to PCD . .31 9.2.1 Bit rate .31 9.2.2 Load modulation .31 9.2.3 Subcarrier .31 9.2.4 Subcarrier modulation 31 9.2.5 Bit representation and cod
12、ing .31 10 Electromagnetic disturbance levels 32 10.1 PCD limits .32 10.2 PICC limits 32 Annex A (normative) Bit rates of 3fc/4, fc, 3fc/2 and 2fc from PCD to PICC34 Annex B (informative) Complex envelope and constellation diagram .42 Annex C (informative) Inter Symbol Interference .43 ISO/IEC 2016
13、All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
14、 ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizat
15、ions, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenan
16、ce are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is
17、drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction
18、 and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conform
19、ity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 17, Cards and p
20、ersonal identification. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 14443-2:2010), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Amendments ISO/IEC 14443-2:2010/Amd 1:2011, ISO/IEC 14443-2:2010/Amd 2:2012 and ISO/IEC 14443-2:2010/Amd 3:201 2. ISO/IEC 14443 cons
21、ists of the following parts, under the general title Identification cards Contactless integrated circuit cards Proximity cards: Part 1: Physical characteristics Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface Part 3: Initialization and anticollision Part 4: Transmission protocoliv ISO/IEC 2016 Al
22、l rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E) Introduction ISO/IEC 14443 is one of a series of International Standards describing the parameters for identification cards as defined in ISO/IEC 7810 and the use of such cards for international interchange. This part of ISO/IEC 14443 d
23、escribes the electrical characteristics of two types of contactless interface between a proximity card and a proximity coupling device. The interface includes both power and bi- directional communication. It is intended to be used in conjunction with other parts of ISO/IEC 14443. Contactless card st
24、andards cover a variety of types as embodied in ISO/IEC 10536 (close-coupled cards), ISO/IEC 14443 (proximity cards) and ISO/IEC 15693 (vicinity cards). These are intended for operation when very near, nearby and at a longer distance from associated coupling devices, respectively. ISO/IEC 2016 All r
25、ights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016Identification cards Contactless integrated circuit cards Proximity cards Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 14443 specifies the characteristics of the fields to be provided for power and bi- d
26、irectional communication between proximity coupling devices (PCDs) and proximity cards or objects (PICCs). This part of ISO/IEC 14443 does not specify the means of generating coupling fields, nor the means of compliance with electromagnetic radiation and human exposure regulations, which can vary ac
27、cording to country. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
28、(including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 10373-6, Identification cards Test methods Part 6: Proximity cards ISO/IEC 14443-1:2016, Identification cards Contactless integrated circuit cards Proximity cards Part 1: Physical characteristics ISO/IEC 14443-3:2016, Identification cards Contactless integ
29、rated circuit cards Proximity cards Part 3: Initialization and anticollision 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 bit duration time during which a logic level is defined, at the end of which a new bit starts 3.2 binary phase shift
30、keying phase shift keying where the phase shift is 180 degrees, resulting in two phase state possibilities 3.3 modified Miller method of bit coding whereby a logic level during a bit duration is represented by the position of a pulse within the bit frame 3.4 modulation index m 1 b / 1 + b, where b i
31、s the ratio between the modulated amplitude and the initial signal amplitude Note 1 to entry: The value of the index may be expressed as a percentage. INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E) ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E) 3.5 NRZ-L method of
32、bit coding whereby a logic level during a bit duration is represented by one of two defined physical states of a communication medium 3.6 operating volume for each PICC class, the positions where the corresponding Reference PICC shows PCD compliance with all requirements of this part of ISO/IEC 1444
33、3 for this class 3.7 subcarrier signal of frequency, fs, used to modulate a carrier of frequency, fc 3.8 Manchester method of bit coding whereby a logic level during a bit duration is represented by a sequence of two defined physical states of a communication medium, the order of the physical states
34、 within the sequence defining the logical state 3.9 TR0 guard time between the end of a PCD transmission and the start of the PICC subcarrier generation 3.10 TR1 synchronization time between the start of the PICC subcarrier generation and the start of the PICC subcarrier modulation 4 Symbols and abb
35、reviated terms a pulse shape factor, Type A ACP actual constellation point AP actual phase value ASK amplitude shift keying b ratio between the modulated and initial signal amplitude, Type B BPSK binary phase shift keying EMD electromagnetic disturbance, parasitically generated by the PICC EPI eleme
36、ntary phase interval etu elementary time unit fc frequency of operating field (carrier frequency) fs frequency of subcarrier H equivalent homogenous magnetic field strength H INITIAL field strength of the unmodulated RF field h ovs envelope overshoot for bit rates of fc/64, fc/32 and fc/16, Type A h
37、 f envelope undershoot, Type B2 ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E) h r envelope overshoot, Type B ISI inter symbol interference ISI d inter symbol interference angle ISI m inter symbol interference magnitude NP nominal phase value NRZ-L non-return to zero,
38、 (L for level) OOK on/off keying PauseA PCD modulation pulse, Type A 0 initial phase of the subcarrier P H complex constellation point of the maximum NP P L complex constellation point of the minimum NP PNP previous nominal phase PR phase range PSK phase shift keying PCD proximity coupling device PI
39、CC proximity card or object RF radio frequency t 1 PauseA length t 2 PauseA “Low” time for a bit rate of fc/128 t 3 PauseA rise time for a bit rate of fc/128 t 4 PauseA rise time section for a bit rate of fc/128 t 5 PauseA “Low” time for bit rates of fc/64, fc/32 and fc/16 t 6 PauseA rise time for b
40、it rates of fc/64, fc/32 and fc/16 t 6, max, PCD maximum value of t 6for PCD transmission t 6, max, PICC maximum value of t 6for PICC reception t b bit duration, Type A t f envelope fall time, Type B t f, max, PCD maximum fall time for PCD transmission, Type B t f, max, PICC maximum fall time for PI
41、CC reception, Type B t r envelope rise time, Type B t r, max, PCD maximum rise time for PCD transmission, Type B ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E) t r, max, PICC maximum rise time for PICC reception, Type B t x pulse position, Type A V E, PCD EMD limit,
42、 PCD V E, PICC EMD limit, PICC V LMA load modulation amplitude V LMA, PCD minimum load modulation amplitude for PCD reception V LMA, PICC minimum load modulation amplitude for PICC transmission # number 5 General considerations 5.1 Initial dialogue The initial dialogue between the PCD and the PICC s
43、hall be conducted through the following consecutive operations: activation of the PICC by the RF operating field of the PCD; the PICC shall wait silently for a command from the PCD; transmission of a command by the PCD; transmission of a response by the PICC. These operations shall use the RF power
44、and signal interface specified in the following clauses. 5.2 Compliance 5.2.1 PICC compliance The PICC shall comply with all mandatory requirements of this part of ISO/IEC 14443 and may support optional requirements (bit rate, class, etc.). The PICC should fulfill all the requirements of one particu
45、lar class in order to improve interoperability. 5.2.2 PCD compliance The PCD shall comply with all mandatory requirements of this part of ISO/IEC 14443 and may support optional requirements (bit rate, support of PICCs of optional classes, etc.). The PCD shall support PICCs of “Class 1”, “Class 2” an
46、d “Class 3”, may optionally support PICCs of “Class 4”, may optionally support PICCs of “Class 5” and may optionally support PICCs of “Class 6”. PCD requirements measured with Reference PICCs 1, 2, and 3 are mandatory for all PCDs. PCD requirements measured with Reference PICC 4 are only mandatory f
47、or PCDs supporting operation with “Class 4” PICCs.4 ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016(E) PCD requirements measured with Reference PICC 5 are only mandatory for PCDs supporting operation with “Class 5” PICCs. PCD requirements measured with Reference PICC 6 ar
48、e only mandatory for PCDs supporting operation with “Class 6” PICCs. For each supported PICC class, the PCD manufacturer shall indicate the operating volume within which the PCD fulfills all requirements of this part of ISO/IEC 14443. NOTE As an indication of each operating volume, the manufacturer
49、may give the operating range (e.g. 0 to X cm with PCD and PICC relative positions, e.g. PCD and PICC antennas parallel and concentric). 5.2.2.1 PCD supporting PICCs of particular class(es) If a PCD is expected to operate with PICCs of only particular class(es), it is not mandatory for this PCD to support PICCs of other classes. This PCD shall comply with all other relevant clauses of this part of ISO/IEC 14443. The PCD manufacturer shal
