1、raising standards worldwide NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI Standards Publication PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 Biobased products Overview of standardsPD CEN/TR 16208:2011 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/T
2、R 16208:2011. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T e c h n i c a l C o m m i t t e e C I I / 5 8 , B i o t e c h n o l o g y . A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the
3、 necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 73054 2 ICS 13.020.60; 71.100.99 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standard
4、s Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2011. Amendments issued since publication Date T e x t a f f e c t e dPD CEN/TR 16208:2011TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 16208 May 2011 ICS 13.020.60; 71.100 English Version Biobased products - Overview of standards Produits bi
5、osourcs - Vue densemble des normes Biobasierte Produkte - bersicht von Normen und Standards This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 26 March 2011. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/SS N99. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cy
6、prus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
7、COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 16208:2011: EPD CEN/TR 16208:2011 CEN/TR 16208:2011 (E) 2 C
8、ontents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Criteria standards (CEN, ASTM, ASME, BSI, VDI); web posted information such as certification schemes; and knowledge of Task group members; 2.2 Criteria list In relation to bio-based products, the following criteria are evaluated in this report: 1. Bio-content / Am
9、ount of Renewable Raw materials; 2. Product Functionality / Technical Performance ; 3. End of life: a. Biodegradability; b. Compostability; c. Recycling; d. Durability. PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 CEN/TR 16208:2011 (E) 5 4. Life-Cycle Assessment: a. GHG emissions; b. Energy use; c. Other LCA criteria. 5. S
10、ustainability: a. Environmental; b. Social; c. Economic. 2.3 Analysis approach The documents in the gap-analysis matrix are evaluated by their relevance. First, their scope is presented. Then their applicability for bio-based product standards in general terms is evaluated. This is the horizontal ev
11、aluation. A vertical evaluation on each criterion will be presented, in order to highlight coverage and gaps. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE Existing definitions and their source(s) of the evaluated criteria are listed below
12、. 3.1 Bio-content / Amount of renewable raw materials 3.1.1 bio-based derived from biomass CEN BT/WG 209 3.1.2 bio-based carbon content carbon in a sample that is of recent origin, as evidenced by its 14C isotope content NOTE 1 The amount of bio-based carbon in the material or product is often expre
13、ssed as a percent of the weight(mass) of the total organic carbon of the product CEN/TR 15932 NOTE 2 ASTM D6852-02 defines bio-based content as the amount of bio-based material as fraction weight or percent weight of the total material PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 CEN/TR 16208:2011 (E) 6 3.1.3 bio-based pro
14、duct product wholly or partly bio-based NOTE The bio-based product is normally characterised by the bio-based content. CEN BT/WG 209 3.1.4 biomass material of biological origin excluding material embedded in geological formations and/or fossilized NOTE This definition refers to the well-known short-
15、cycle of carbon, i.e. the life cycle of biological materials (e.g. plants, algae, marine organisms, forestry, micro-organisms, animals, and biological waste from households, agriculture, animals and food/feed production). CEN BT/WG 209 3.1.5 biomass content mass fraction of bio-based material NOTE C
16、laim of biomass content is difficult to verify due to lack of standards. CEN/TR 15932 3.1.6 renewable raw material material used to produce a product and replenished by natural processes at a rate comparable to its exploitation rate Adapted from ISO 14040 and CEN/TR 15932 3.2 Product functionality /
17、 Technical performance 3.2.1 product any goods or service ISO 14040:2006 3.2.2 product function characteristic attribute or characteristic in the performance and use of a product ISO 14024:1999 NOTE The first criterion to be considered in the choice of materials and design of a product is that it sh
18、all perform the function for which it is intended to an acceptable standard. These criteria will vary depending on the application but the key requirements are: meeting legal and statutory requirements including for example composition control and migration limits for food contact, physical performa
19、nce for containing of hazardous products; functional including physical strength, hygiene, safety and barrier performance; use performance including opening, closing, pouring/emptying, child resistant; PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 CEN/TR 16208:2011 (E) 7 minimum use of material, consistent with the three po
20、ints above; content identification and communication. The specifications of the product should be defined by the performance requirements, and not by the source of material. 3.3 End of life / Biodegradability / Compostability / Recycling / Durability 3.3.1 biodegradation degradation caused by biolog
21、ical activity especially by enzymatic action leading to a significant change of the chemical structure of a material EN 13193:2000 3.3.2 biodegradable capable of undergoing biological anaerobic or aerobic degradation leading to CO 2 , H 2 O, methane, biomass and mineral salts depending on the enviro
22、nmental conditions of the process CEN/TR 15932 3.3.3 compostability potential of a material to be disintegrated and biodegraded without hindrance in a composting process Based on EN 13193:2000 3.3.4 durability capability of a product or any component to satisfy, with planned maintenance, the design
23、performance requirements over a specified period of time under the influence of the environmental actions, or as a result of a self-ageing process Adapted from ISO 15928-3 3.3.5 maximum level of biodegradation degree of biodegradation, measured in percent, of a chemical compound or organic matter in
24、 a test, above which no further biodegradation takes place during the test ISO 14853:2005 3.3.6 organic recycling (organic recovery) aerobic (composting) or anaerobic (biomethanization) treatment, under controlled conditions and using microorganisms, of the biodegradable parts of waste, which produc
25、es stabilized organic residues or methane. Landfill shall not be considered a form of organic recycling adapted from Directive 94/62/EC 3.3.7 recycling reprocessing in a production process of the waste materials for the original purpose or for other purposes including organic recycling but excluding
26、 energy recovery Directive 94/62/EC PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 CEN/TR 16208:2011 (E) 8 3.3.8 ultimate biodegradability breakdown of an organic chemical compound by micro-organisms in the presence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, water and mineral salts of any other elements present (mineralization) and new bi
27、omass or in the absence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, methane, mineral salts and new biomass EN 13432:2000, also in EN 14995:2006 3.4 Life-Cycle Assessment / GHG emissions / Energy use / Other LCA criteria 3.4.1 greenhouse gas GHG gaseous constituent of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic,
28、 that absorbs and emits radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of infrared radiation emitted by the Earths surface, the atmosphere, and clouds NOTE GHGs include carbon dioxide (CO 2), methane (CH 4), nitrous oxide (N 2O), hydro-fluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur
29、 hexafluoride (SF6) ISO 14064-1:2006 3.4.2 greenhouse gas emission total mass of a GHG released to the atmosphere over a specified period of time ISO 14064-1:2006 3.4.2 life cycle consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resourc
30、es to final disposal ISO 14040:2006 3.4.3 life cycle assessment (LCA) compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle ISO 14040:2006 3.4.4 life cycle inventory (LCI) collection and assembly of materials and energ
31、y input and output data for a specified product system NOTE LCI is only one of the phases in conducting an LCA and is not an assessment of the environmental impacts associated with the product system ASTM D 7075 04 PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 CEN/TR 16208:2011 (E) 9 3.5 Sustainability / Environmental / Soc
32、ial / Economic criteria 3.5.1 biological diversity values intrinsic, ecological, genetic, social, economic, scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and aesthetic values of biological diversity and its components NTA 8080 3.5.2 environmental aspect element of an organizations activity or prod
33、ucts that can interact with the environment ISO 14021:1999 3.5.3 environmental claim statement, symbol or graphic that indicates an environmental aspect of a product, a component or packaging ISO 14021:1999 NOTE An environmental claim may be made on product or packaging labels, through product liter
34、ature, technical bulletins, advertising, publicity, telemarketing, as well as through digital or electronic media such as Internet. 3.5.4 environmental impact any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from a products environmental aspects Adapted fro
35、m ISO 14001:2004 3.5.5 environmental impact assessment a process of predicting and evaluating the effects of an action or series of actions on the environment, then using the conclusions as a tool in planning and decision-making RSPO 3.5.6 environmental profile or environmental footprint environment
36、al consequences of the creation of a material, measured in terms of impact indicators such as the generation or recapture of CO2, biodegradability, recycling, and so forth ASTM D6852 3.5.7 product environmental criteria environmental requirements that the product shall meet in order to be awarded an
37、 environmental label ISO 14024:1999 3.5.8 social and economic sustainability criteria NOTE At the moment there are no clear definitions on social and economic sustainability criteria. This is currently under investigation in CEN/TC 383. PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 CEN/TR 16208:2011 (E)
38、 10 4 Standards and documents analysis matrix Document Reference Title 1. Bio-content / Amount of Renewable Raw materials 2. Product Functionality / Technical Performance 3. End of life a.Biodegradability b.Compostability c. Recycling d. Durability 4. Life-Cycle Assessment a. GHG emissions b. Energy
39、 use c. Other LCA criteria 5. Sustainability a.Environmental b. Social c. Economic ANSI/ASAB E S 593:2006 Terminology and Definitions for Biomass Production, Harvesting and Collection, Storage, Processing, Conversion and Utilization 5.1 y y y y n n n n y y y n n n n CEN/TR 15932 Plastics - Recommend
40、ation for terminology and characterisation of biopolymers and bioplastics 5.1 y y y y y y n n y y n n y n n ILCD/ELCD Int Life Cycle Data system handbook and European database 5.2 n n y n n y n y y y y n y n n CR13910 CEN TC 261 Reporting criteria for life cycle analysis for packaging 5.2 n n y n n
41、n n y n n y n y n n ASTM D7075 Standard Practice for Evaluating and Reporting Environmental Performance of Biobased Products 5.2 y n y y n n n y n n y y y n n VDI 4431 Life-cycle management in the manufacturing industry 5.2 n n y n n y n y n n n n y y n ISO 14064- 1:2006 Greenhouse gases - Part 1: S
42、pecification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals 5.2 n n y n n n n y y n n n n n n ISO/WD 14067-1 Carbon footprint of products 5.2 n n y y n y n y y y n n n n n ISO/NP 14046 Water footprint - principles, requirements and g
43、uidance 5.2 n n y n n n n y y n n n n n n NTA 8080 Sustainability criteria for biomass for energy purposes 5.2 n n n n n n n y y y y y y y y PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 PD CEN/TR 16208:2011 CEN/TR 16208:2011 (E) 11 BEES USDA green public procurement 5.2 y n y y y y n y y y y y y y y ASTM D6852 Standard Gui
44、de for Determination of Biobased Content, Resources Consumption, and Environmental Profile of Materials and Products 5.2 y n n n n n n y y y y n y n n ISO DIS 26000 Guidance on social responsibility 5.2 n n y n n n n y y y y y y y y ISO 14025 Environmental labels and declarations - Type III environm
45、ental declarations - Principles and procedures 5.2 n n y y n n n y y y y n n n n ISO 14040 series Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework 5.2 n y y n n y n y y y n n y n n PAS 2050 Specification for the assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of good
46、s and services 5.2 y y y n n y n y y y n n y n n BP X30-323 General principles for an environmental communication on mass market products 5.2 y y y n n y n y y y y n y n n ASTM D6866-6a Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Natural Range Materials Using Radiocarbon and Isotop
47、e Ratio Mass Spectrometry Analysis 5.3 y n n n n n n n n n n n n n n ASTM D7026 ASTM D7026 - 04 Standard Guide for Sampling and Reporting of Results for Determination of Biobased Content of Materials via Carbon Isotope Analysis 5.3 y n n n n n n n n n n n n n n WI 00249737 Plastics - Biopolymers - D
48、etermination of biobased carbon content 5.3 y n n n n n n n n n n n n n n EN 15440 Solid recovered fuels - Method of the determination of biomass content 5.3 y n n n n n n n n n n n n n n ISO 15380 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) - Family H (Hydraulic systems) - Specificat
49、ions for categories HETG, HEPG, HEES and HEPR 5.4 n y y y n y n n n n n n y n n EU Ecolabel 2005/360/E C Criteria_for_the_award_of_the_E uropean_Eco- label_to_lubricants.pdf 5.4 y y y y n n n n n n n n y n n Blue Angel RAL-UZ-48 Readily Biodegradable Chain Lubricants for Power Saws 5.4 n n y y n n n n n n n n y n n Blue Angel RAL-UZ 64 Lubricants & Forming 5.4 n n y y n n n n n n n n y n n
