1、PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD CLC/TR 61340-5-2:2008 Electrostatics Part 5-2: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena User guide ICS 17.220.99; 29.020; 31.020Incorporating corrigendum May 2009National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of CLC/TR 61340-5-2:2008. It
2、 is identical to IEC/TR 61340-5-2:2007, incorporating corrigendum May 2009. It supersedes BS EN 61340-5-2:2001 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/101, Electrostatics. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtain
3、ed on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. PD CLC/TR 61340-5-2:2008 This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committe
4、e on 30 May 2008 BSI 2011 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments 30 June 2011 Implementation of IEC corrigendum May 2009: correction to 4.7.5.3 ISBN 978 0 580 68599 6 TECHNICAL REPORT CLC/TR 61340-5-2 RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT April 2008 CENELEC European Committee f
5、or Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC member
6、s. Ref. No. CLC/TR 61340-5-2:2008 E ICS 17.220.99; 29.020 Supersedes EN 61340-5-2:2001English version Electrostatics - Part 5-2: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena - User guide (IEC/TR 61340-5-2:2007) Electrostatique - Partie 5-2: Protection des dispositifs lectroniques co
7、ntre les phnomnes lectrostatiques - Guide dutilisation (CEI/TR 61340-5-2:2007) Elektrostatik - Teil 5-2: Schutz von elektronischen Bauelementen gegen elektrostatische Phnomene - Benutzerhandbuch (IEC/TR 61340-5-2:2007) This Technical Report was approved by CENELEC on 2008-02-15. CENELEC members are
8、the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spai
9、n, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Foreword The text of the Technical Report IEC/TR 61340-5-2:2007, prepared by IEC TC 101, Electrostatics, was submitted to the vote in accordance with the Internal Regulations, Part 2, Subclause 11.4.3.3 (simple majority) and was approved by CENELEC as C
10、LC/TR 61340-5-2 on 2008-02-15. This Technical Report supersedes EN 61340-5-2:2001. The main changes with respect to EN 61340-5-2:2001 are listed below: CLC/TR 61340-5-2:2008 has been modified to provide guidance for users of EN 61340-5-1. The text has been arranged to follow the requirements of EN 6
11、1340-5-1 as closely as possible as well as providing specific guidance on each of the requirements of EN 61340-5-1. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the Technical Report IEC/TR 61340-5-2:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a Technical Report without any modification.
12、_ 2 PD CLC/TR 61340-5-2:2008CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.4 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 ESD control program plan 7 4.1 Developing an ESD control program plan 7 4.1.1 Assignment of an ESD coordinator 7 4.1.2 Determination of part ESD sensitivity7 4.1.3 Initial process and
13、 organizational assessment .7 4.1.4 Documentation of ESD control program plan .8 4.1.5 Tailoring 9 4.2 Development of a training plan 9 4.2.1 Personnel training .9 4.3 Development of a compliance verification plan 11 4.3.1 Introduction .11 4.3.2 ESD control items11 4.3.3 Verification frequency12 4.3
14、.4 Type of verifications 12 4.3.5 ESD control item limits 12 4.3.6 Test methods.12 4.3.7 Test equipment13 4.3.8 Auditor skills13 4.3.9 Reporting of audit findings.13 4.4 Grounding/bonding systems 16 4.4.1 Introduction .16 4.4.2 Basic grounding requirements .16 4.4.3 Additional grounding consideratio
15、ns 18 4.4.4 Verification of ESD grounding system19 4.4.5 Verification of proper installation of ESD control items.20 4.5 Personnel grounding .20 4.5.1 System requirements.20 4.5.2 Wrist strap system.21 4.5.3 Footwear-flooring system 21 4.6 Protected areas (EPA).23 4.7 ESD control items .24 4.7.1 Wor
16、k surfaces .24 4.7.2 Wrist straps .27 4.7.3 Static protective floor materials .31 4.7.4 Footwear .36 4.7.5 Static protective seating 37 4.7.6 Ionization.38 4.7.7 Garments 49 4.7.8 Storage racks and shelving51 4.7.9 Mobile equipment 52 3 PD CLC/TR 61340-5-2:20084.8 Packaging electronic products for s
17、hipment and storage .54 4.8.1 Introduction and purpose.54 4.8.2 Definitions .54 4.8.3 Selecting/designing the right package .55 4.9 Marking .58 4.9.1 Marking of assemblies and equipment .58 4.9.2 Marking of packaging 59 4.9.3 Other marking considerations 60 Annex A (informative) Example ESD control
18、document based on IEC 61340-5-1 .61 Annex B (informative) ESD control element considerations67 Figure 1 Example audit report showing current status of ESD program 14 Figure 2 Example audit report showing target for manufacturing line15 Figure 3 Example audit report showing audit trend report.15 Figu
19、re 4a North American electrical power system.17 Figure 4b Malaysia electrical power system .17 Figure 4c UK electrical power system Single phase system 17 Figure 4 Country-specific electrical power systems17 Figure 5 Example of individually grounded benches - Recommended18 Figure 6 Example of a seri
20、es ground connection of benches Not recommended19 Figure 7 Relationship between body voltage and resistance to ground.21 Figure 8 Voltage reading on person walking across grounded conductive floor whilst wearing two heelstraps .22 Figure 9 Ionization by alpha radiation 40 Figure 10 Corona ionization
21、 Positive.40 Figure 11 Corona ionization Negative .40 Figure 12 ESD sensitive part or assembly59 Figure 13 Example of a warning label for ESDS.59 Figure 14 Example of a packaging label.60 Figure 15 ESD material marking 60 Figure A.1 Sign indicating special handling conditions .64 Figure A.2 Label in
22、dicating product is ESD sensitive65 Figure B.1a Example 1.68 Figure B.1b Example 2.68 Figure B.1c Example 3.69 Figure B.1 Voltage generated for three types of footwear all on the same flooring system69 Table 1 Type of wrist strap bands 28 Table 2 Ionizer selection checklist .44 Table A.1 ESD control
23、 program audits requirements.63 4 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications 72 PD CLC/TR 61340-5-2:2008INTRODUCTION This user guide and has been produced for individuals and organizations that are faced with controlling ele
24、ctrostatic discharge (ESD). It provides guidance that can be used for developing, implementing and monitoring an electrostatic discharge control program in accordance with IEC 61340-5-1. This user guide applies to activities that: manufacture, process, assemble, install, package, label, service, tes
25、t, inspect or otherwise handle electrical or electronic parts, assemblies and equipment susceptible to damage by electrostatic discharges greater than or equal to 100 V using the human body model (HBM). The 100 V HBM limit was selected for IEC 61340-5-1 as the baseline susceptibility threshold, sinc
26、e a large majority of the ESD products on the market have a sensitivity of greater than 100 V. The limits established for each of the ESD control items are specified for an ESD program designed for 100 V HBM devices. The 100 V value is predicated on maximum voltage levels attainable on an individual
27、 when they are grounded via techniques accepted throughout the electronics industry as outlined in IEC 61340-5-1. For organizations concerned with charged device model damage, IEC 61340-5-1 establishes requirements concerning the use of insulators in the ESD protected area (EPA) based on maximum ele
28、ctrostatic field limits. This topic is addressed in more detail in 4.6. The general principals described in IEC 61340-5-1 are not limited in their applicability to ESDS with ESD sensitivities of 100 V or greater. For companies that handle ESDS with sensitivities of less than 100 V (HBM), the general
29、 principals of IEC 61340-5-1 can still be used. The organization may have to modify some of the required limits specified in Tables 2 to 4. The program documentation would then identify that ESDS with sensitivities of less than 100 V HBM were being handled and that this required a change to the limi
30、ts established in IEC 61340-5-1. The fundamental ESD control principles that form the basis of IEC 61340-5-1 are as follows: a) Avoid a discharge from any charged, conductive object (personnel, equipment) into the device: This can be accomplished by bonding or electrically connecting all conductors
31、in the environment, including personnel, to a known ground or contrived ground (as on shipboard or on aircraft). This attachment creates an equipotential balance between all items and personnel. Electrostatic protection can be maintained at a potential different from “zero” voltage ground potential,
32、 as long as all items in the system are at the same potential. b) Avoid a discharge from any charged ESD sensitive device (the charging can result from direct contact and separation or can be field induced): Necessary insulators in the environment cannot lose their electrostatic charge by attachment
33、 to ground. Ionization systems provide neutralization of charges on these necessary insulators (circuit board materials and some device packages are examples of necessary insulators). Assessment of the ESD hazard created by electrostatic charges on the necessary insulators in the work place is requi
34、red to ensure that appropriate actions are implemented, according to the risk. c) Once outside of an electrostatic discharge protected area (hereafter referred to as an EPA) it is often not possible to control the above items, therefore, ESD protective packaging may be required. ESD protection can b
35、e achieved by enclosing ESD sensitive products in static protective materials, although the type of material depends on the situation and destination. Inside 5 PD CLC/TR 61340-5-2:2008an EPA, low charging and static dissipative materials may provide adequate protection. Outside an EPA, low charging
36、and static discharge shielding materials are recommended. While all of these materials are not discussed in this standard, it is important to recognize the differences in their application. 6 PD CLC/TR 61340-5-2:2008ELECTROSTATICS Part 5-2: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenome
37、na User guide 1 Scope This technical report has been developed to support IEC 61340-5-1. The controls and limits referenced in this standard were developed to protect devices that are susceptible to discharges of 100 V or greater using the human body model test method. However, the general concepts
38、are still valid for devices that are susceptible to discharges of less than 100 V. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
39、 referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60749-26, Semiconductor devices Mechanical and climatic test methods Part 26: Electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitivity testing Human body model (HBM) IEC 61340-2-1 Electrostatics Part 2-1: Measurement methods Ability of materials and prod
40、ucts to dissipate static electric charge IEC 61340-2-3 Electrostatics Part 2-3:Methods of test for determining the resistance and resistivity of solid planar materials used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation IEC 61340-4-1 Electrostatics Part 4-1:Standard test methods for specific application
41、s Electrostatic resistance of flloor coverings and installed floors IEC 61340-4-3 Electrostatics Part 4-3:Standard test methods for specific applications Footwear IEC 61340-4-5 - Electrostatics Part 4-5:Standard test methods for specific applications Methods for characterizing the electrostatic prot
42、ection of footwear and flooring in combination with a person IEC 61340-5-1, Electrostatics Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena General requirements ANSI/ESD STM2.1, Standard Test Method for the protection of electrostatic discharge susceptible items Garments ANSI/
43、ESD STM3.1, Standard Test Method for the electrostatic discharge susceptible items - Ionization 7 PD CLC/TR 61340-5-2:20083 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions of IEC 61340-5-1 apply. 4 ESD control program plan This clause outlines a step-by-step approa
44、ch that can be used to establish an ESD control Program. 4.1 Developing an ESD control program plan 4.1.1 Assignment of an ESD coordinator In order to have a well thought out and implemented ESD program an ESD coordinator must be assigned. The ESD coordinator is responsible for all aspects of ESD in
45、 the facility. In order to be effective the ESD coordinator needs: a) the full support of management; b) a good understanding of electrostatics and how ESD sensitive devices can be damaged. The ESD coordinator will often need to attend educational classes or seminars related to ESD in order to maint
46、ain or update their knowledge; c) a thorough understanding of IEC 61340-5-1 and all of the organizations processes related to the handling of ESD sensitive devices. d) access to measuring equipment for the purposes of performing compliance verification audits as well as testing new ESD products and
47、materials for use in the ESD program; e) depending on the size of the facility, the ESD coordinator might also need to have auditors assigned to conduct the ESD audits. Finally, management must provide the ESD coordinator with the authority and funding necessary to ensure that the ESD control progra
48、m is maintained and enforced. 4.1.2 Determination of part ESD sensitivity The next step in developing an ESD control program plan is to determine the part, assembly or equipment sensitivity level under which the plan is to be developed. Although the requirements outlined in IEC 61340-5-1 are effecti
49、ve for handling parts sensitive to 100 V HBM or higher, the organization may choose to develop an ESD program based on ESD sensitivities that are greater or less than 100 V HBM. In this situation, the organization must develop an ESD control program plan that clearly states the ESD sensitivity that the program is based on. The organization can use various methods to determine the ESD sensitivity of the products that are to be handle
