1、Safety of pressure swing adsorption systems for hydrogen separation and purification PD ISO/TS 19883:2017 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TS 19883:2017. The UK participation in
2、 its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PVE/3, Gas containers, to Subcommittee PVE/3/8, Gas containers - Hydrogen technologies. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necess
3、ary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 93935 8 ICS 71.100.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Docum
4、ent was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2017. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD ISO/TS 19883:2017 ISO 2017 Safety of pressure swing adsorption systems for hydrogen separation and purificati
5、on Systme dadsorption module en pression pour la sparation et la purification de lhydrogne TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19883 Reference number ISO/TS 19883:2017(E) First edition 2017-03 PD ISO/TS 19883:2017 ISO/TS 19883:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017,
6、Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Pe
7、rmission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org PD ISO/TS 19883:2017 ISO/TS
8、 19883:2017(E)Foreword iv 1 S c ope . 1 2 Normati v e r efer enc es 1 3 T erms and definitions . 2 4 Basic specification 3 4.1 Feed stream pressure 3 4.2 Working temperature 4 4.3 Assembly 4 4.4 Material properties . 4 4.4.1 Feed stream pressure 4 4.4.2 Working temperature 4 5 Safety requirements of
9、 the PSA system 4 5.1 General hazards associated with the PSA system . 4 5.1.1 General hazards associated with hydrogen gas 4 5.1.2 General hazards associated with system leakage 4 5.1.3 Hazards related to pressure . 4 5.1.4 Hazards related to ignition of hydrogen 5 5.2 Safety specifications in the
10、field . 5 5.2.1 General hazards 5 5.2.2 Layout considerations . 5 5.2.3 Buildings and ventilation 5 5.2.4 Explosion-proof area and explosion-proof grade 6 5.2.5 Electrostatic grounding . . 7 5.2.6 Flammable and toxic gas detection alarm . 7 5.3 Safety specifications of equipment and piping . 8 5.3.1
11、 General specification 8 5.3.2 Safety specifications of adsorbers 8 5.3.3 Safety specifications of the buffer tank 9 5.3.4 Safety specifications of process control valves 9 5.3.5 Safety specifications of piping 9 5.3.6 Safety considerations for operations and maintenance .10 5.3.7 Safety specificati
12、ons of inspection and test .10 5.3.8 Safety specifications of electrical equipment .11 5.3.9 Safety specifications of monitoring devices 12 Annex A (informative) Ex ample of pot ential locations of r elief v al v es 14 Bibliography .15 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iii Contents Page PD ISO/TS 19883:2
13、017 ISO/TS 19883:2017(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested i
14、n a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commis
15、sion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents sh
16、ould be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible f
17、or identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for
18、the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformit y assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade
19、(TBT) see the following URL: www . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html. This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 197, Hydrogen technologies.iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved PD ISO/TS 19883:2017 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19883:2017(E) Safety of pressure swing adsorption systems for hy
20、drogen separ ation and purification 1 S c ope This document identifies safety measures and applicable design features that are used in the design, commissioning, and operation of pressure swing adsorption systems for hydrogen separation and purification. It applies to hydrogen pressure swing adsorpt
21、ion systems that process all kinds of impure hydrogen streams as feed, including both stationary and skid-mounted pressure swing adsorption systems for hydrogen separation and purification in commercial or industrial use. This document also applies to small-scale PSA hydrogen system installed within
22、 containers, where allowed by local regulations. The scope of this document includes the equipment depicted within the dashed lines in Figure 1. F i g u r e 1 E x a m p l e o f t y p i c a l e q u i p m e n t i n P S A s y s t e m f o r h y d r o g e n s e p a r a t i o n a n d pu r i f ic at ion 2
23、Normat i v e r efer en c es The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (incl
24、uding any amendments) applies. ISO 4126-1, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure Part 1: Safety valves ISO 11114-1, Gas cylinders Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents Part 1: Metallic materials ISO 11114-2, Gas cylinders Compatibility of cylinder and val
25、ve materials with gas contents Part 2: Non-metallic materials ISO 11114-4, Transportable gas cylinders - Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents Part 4: Test methods for selecting metallic materials resistant to hydrogen embrittlement IEC 60079-0, Explosive atmospheres Part 0
26、: Equipment General requirements IEC 60079-10-1, Explosive atmospheres Part 10-1: Classification of areas Explosive gas atmospheres IEC 60079-14, Explosive atmospheres Part 14: Electrical installations design, selection and erection IEC 60204-1, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines P
27、art 1: General requirements ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1 PD ISO/TS 19883:2017 ISO/TS 19883:2017(E) IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) IEC 60364-4, Low-voltage electrical installations Part 4: Protection for safety NFPA 56, Standard for Fire and Explosion Prevention d
28、uring Cleaning and Purging of Flammable Gas Piping Systems 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h t
29、t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp 3.1 pressure swing adsorption method PSA method gas separation method that takes advantage of the selective adsorption of a solid adsorbent (3.5) for different gases and the ability of solid adsor
30、bents to adsorb more impurities at high pressure and to reject impurities at low pressure Note 1 to entry: PSA, as practiced commercially, is a batch process utilizing multiple adsorbent-loaded vessels for the continuous purification of a gas stream. 3.2 v a c u u m p r e s s u r e s w i n g a d s o
31、 r p t i o n system for hydrogen separation and purification that relies on desorption at sub-atmospheric pressure (achieved with vacuum pumps) to improve the performance of the system 3.3 p r e s s u r e s w i n g a d s o r p t i o n s y s t e m f o r h y d r o g e n s e p a r a t i o n a n d p u r
32、 i f i c a t i o n hydrogen generation system that separates and purifies hydrogen from an impure hydrogen stream through the pressure swing adsorption process 3.4 adsorber vessel in which the adsorbent (3.5) used for hydrogen separation and purification is contained, which can be vertical vessels 3
33、.5 adsorbent solid materials used to adsorb gas impurities from the impure hydrogen streams, thereby realizing the separation of the hydrogen from the other gases 3.6 p r o c e s s c o n t r o l v a l v e s operational devices that can open or close to regulate flow in response to a signal from the
34、control system (3.7) 3.7 c o n t r o l s y s t e m system that performs operations such as opening and closing process control valves (3.6), system troubleshooting, product quality control, or optimization of process parameters2 ISO 2017 All rights reserved PD ISO/TS 19883:2017 ISO/TS 19883:2017(E)
35、3.8 tail gas gas remaining after the impure hydrogen mixture is purified through the PSA system Note 1 to entry: Other names for tail gas are desorbed gas, purge gas, or off gas. 3.9 s t a t i o n a r y P S A s y s t e m f o r h y d r o g e n s e p a r a t i o n a n d p u r i f i c a t i o n PSA sys
36、tem in which all equipment and piping are permanently mounted to the equipment foundation(s) and piping support structure 3.10 sk i d - m o u n t e d P S A s y s t e m f o r h y d r o g e n s e p a r a t i o n a n d p u r i f i c a t i o n PSA system in which some or all of the equipment and piping
37、are affixed to one or more skids, or moveable bases 3.11 f i r e s e p a r a t i o n d i s t a n c e distance between the PSA system and nearby buildings (3.15) that is required in order to prevent fire from spreading from a PSA system to nearby buildings 3.12 buffer tank vessel that receives the de
38、sorbed gas from the adsorbers (3.4) (PSA system) or from the vacuum pumps (3.13) (VSA system) and minimizes the composition and pressure variation of the desorbed gas Note 1 to entry: A buffer tank may also be referred to as a surge drum. 3.13 v ac uu m pu mp device used for evacuating the adsorbers
39、 (3.4) during the desorption stage, allowing the adsorbents (3.5) to be desorbed and regenerated at sub-atmospheric pressure to improve performance of a PSA system 3.14 c ont a i ne r enclosed construction or bracing structure fabricated to avoid the effects of specific environmental and climatic co
40、nditions, or protect personnel and livestock from accidental contact with the dangerous components of a small hydrogen PSA system 3.15 building structure that has a roof and walls, with the similar function as a container (3.14) for a hydrogen PSA system or the components of a hydrogen PSA system 3.
41、16 hydrogen embrittlement degradation of metal material properties due to the presence of a hydrogen environment 4 Basic specification 4.1 Feed stream pressure PSA systems for hydrogen generation and purification typically have feed gas pressures ranging from 0,3 MPa to 6,0 MPa. The operating pressu
42、re cycles from full feed gas pressure during adsorption to near atmospheric pressure (0,03 MPa) or vacuum (0,09 MPa) during desorption. ISO 2017 All rights reserved 3 PD ISO/TS 19883:2017 ISO/TS 19883:2017(E) 4.2 Working temperature The normal working temperature is between 5 C and 40 C for a PSA sy
43、stem for hydrogen separation and purification. 4.3 Assembly A PSA system for hydrogen separation and purification can be stationary or skid-mounted based on the end use of the hydrogen product and on the hydrogen throughput. Small PSA systems may be installed within containers, if allowed by local r
44、egulations. 4.4 Material properties 4.4.1 Feed stream pressure Metallic and non-metallic materials used in the construction of internal or external parts of a PSA system for hydrogen separation and purification should be suitable for all physical, chemical, and thermal conditions, both test conditio
45、ns and operating conditions, for the design lifetime of the equipment. The compatibility of materials shall be evaluated to comply with ISO 11114-1, ISO 11114-2, ISO/TR 15916 or local regulations. 4.4.2 Working temperature When ferrous metal is used in a PSA system, adequate consideration and analys
46、is shall be taken according to ISO/TR 15916, ISO 11114-4 or the local regulations. For the non-metal materials contacting with hydrogen, the hydrogen permeability shall be considered. 5 Safety requirements of the PSA system 5.1 Gener al hazar ds associat ed with the PS A s y st em 5.1.1 Gener al haz
47、ar ds associat ed with h y dr ogen g as Hydrogen is colourless, odourless, and highly flammable; it burns with a nearly invisible flame in daylight. It can form an explosive mixture with air, and its lower and upper explosive limits in air are 4 % and 75 % (percent by volume) at atmospheric temperat
48、ure and pressure. Hydrogen in air will displace oxygen and may result in asphyxia if the partial pressure of oxygen in air reduces due to high hydrogen concentration. 5.1.2 Gener al hazar ds associat ed with s y st em leakage Due to its low molecular weight and small size, hydrogen leaks easily from
49、 flanges and other sealing surfaces (e.g. vent valves). Hydrogen is highly buoyant due to its low specific gravity, and it can form large areas of flammable or explosive gas. Because hydrogen is colourless, the extent of a flammable area is not readily identifiable. 5.1.3 Hazards related to pressure Normal pressure swings during the PSA process will cause alternating stress on the adsorbers, process control valves, and piping, which could lead to cracks in the vessels or piping or to another failure mode. The fa
