API RP 13D-2017 Rheology and Hydraulics of Oil-well Drilling Fluids (SEVENTH EDITION) .pdf

上传人:appealoxygen216 文档编号:399995 上传时间:2018-10-23 格式:PDF 页数:98 大小:1.01MB
下载 相关 举报
API RP 13D-2017 Rheology and Hydraulics of Oil-well Drilling Fluids (SEVENTH EDITION) .pdf_第1页
第1页 / 共98页
API RP 13D-2017 Rheology and Hydraulics of Oil-well Drilling Fluids (SEVENTH EDITION) .pdf_第2页
第2页 / 共98页
API RP 13D-2017 Rheology and Hydraulics of Oil-well Drilling Fluids (SEVENTH EDITION) .pdf_第3页
第3页 / 共98页
API RP 13D-2017 Rheology and Hydraulics of Oil-well Drilling Fluids (SEVENTH EDITION) .pdf_第4页
第4页 / 共98页
API RP 13D-2017 Rheology and Hydraulics of Oil-well Drilling Fluids (SEVENTH EDITION) .pdf_第5页
第5页 / 共98页
亲,该文档总共98页,到这儿已超出免费预览范围,如果喜欢就下载吧!
资源描述

1、Rheology and Hydraulics of Oil-well Drilling FluidsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 13DSEVENTH EDITION, SEPTEMBER 2017Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Ne

2、ither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility fo

3、r any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API publications may be use

4、d by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or

5、responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications a

6、re not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipme

7、nt or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.Users of this

8、recommended practice should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document.Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in

9、a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2017 American Petroleum InstituteFore

10、wordNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone a

11、gainst liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the speci

12、fication.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions conc

13、erning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein shoul

14、d also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, teleph

15、one (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 S

16、cope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Acronyms, Abbreviations, Symbols, Definitions, and Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Fluid Flow Fundamentals and Rheological Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18、 94.1 Flow Fundamentals and Rheological Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.2 Viscosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19、. . . . . . . . . 104.3 Shear Stress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.4 Shear Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.5 Shear Stress/Shear Rate Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.6 Fluid Characterization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.7 Newtonian Fluids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.8 Non-Newtonian Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.9 Rheological Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Rheological Parameters . . . .

23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.1 Measurement of Rheological Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.2 Rheological Models. . .

24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 Prediction of Downhole Behavior of Drilling Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.1 Principle . . . . .

25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.2 Temperature Predictions of Circulating Drilling Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.3 Pred

26、iction of Downhole Rheological Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246.4 Prediction of Downhole Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 Pressur

27、e-loss Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307.1 Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、. . . . . . . . . . . 307.2 Basic Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307.3 Surface-connection Pressure Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317.4 Drill-string and Annular Frictional Pressure Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327.5 Bit Pressure Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.6 Downhole-tools Pressure Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.7 Choke-line Pressure Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407.8 Casing Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407.9 Equivalent Circulating Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 Swab/Surge Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418.1 Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418.2 Controlling Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428.3 Closed-string

34、 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448.4 Open-string Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、 . 458.5 Transient Swab/Surge Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459 Hole Cleaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . 459.1 Description of the Challenge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459.2 Hole-cleaning Practices and Remedial Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459.3 Cuttings Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479.4 Modeling Hole Cleaning in Vertical and Low-angle Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499.5 Modeling Hole Cleaning in Directional Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519.6 Weight-material Sag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54vContentsPage10 Hydraulics Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5510.1 Optimization Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5510.2 Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5610.3 Reaming While Drilling with Pilot-bit Confi

41、guration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5810.4 Bit-nozzle Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5910.5 Pump-off Pressure/Force . . . .

42、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5911 Rigsite Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5911.1 Intr

43、oduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5911.2 Annular Pressure-loss Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44、. . . . . . 5911.3 Validation of Hydraulics Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6311.4 Interpretation of Downhole Pressure Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45、 . . . . 64Annex A (informative) Worked Example Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Annex B (informative) Downhole-properties Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Anne

46、x C (informative) Pressure-loss Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Annex D (informative) Swab/Surge-pressures Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Annex E (infor

47、mative) Hole-cleaning Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Annex F (informative) Hydraulics-optimization Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Bibliography . . . . .

48、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Figures1 Parallel Plates with Fluid-filled Gap Showing Effects of Upper Plate Sliding Past Lower Plate . . . . . . . 112 Rheograms of Three Rheolog

49、ical Models on Rectangular Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Couette-type, Mechanical Rotational Viscometer with Dial Readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 Viscosity of Several Base Fluids as Function of Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Isothermal Plot of a 15.3 lbm/gal Synthetic-based Drilling Fluid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 Cuttings Transport Mechanisms in Vertical and Deviated Wells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

展开阅读全文
相关资源
  • API SALES OF NGL & LRG-2018 2016 Sales of Natural Gas Liquids and Liquefied Refinery Gas.pdfAPI SALES OF NGL & LRG-2018 2016 Sales of Natural Gas Liquids and Liquefied Refinery Gas.pdf
  • API MPMS 9 4-2018 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 9 4-Continuous Density Measurement Under Dynamic (Flowing) Conditions (FIRST EDITION).pdfAPI MPMS 9 4-2018 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 9 4-Continuous Density Measurement Under Dynamic (Flowing) Conditions (FIRST EDITION).pdf
  • API MPMS 9 3-2012 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 9 3 Standard Test Method for Density Relative Density and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and.pdfAPI MPMS 9 3-2012 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 9 3 Standard Test Method for Density Relative Density and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and.pdf
  • API MPMS 9 2-2012 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 9 2 Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure H.pdfAPI MPMS 9 2-2012 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 9 2 Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure H.pdf
  • API MPMS 9 1-2012 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 9 1 Standard Test Method for Density Relative Density or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and .pdfAPI MPMS 9 1-2012 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 9 1 Standard Test Method for Density Relative Density or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and .pdf
  • API MPMS 8 5-2015 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 5 Standard Practice for Manual Piston Cylinder Sampling for Volatile Crude Oils Condensate.pdfAPI MPMS 8 5-2015 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 5 Standard Practice for Manual Piston Cylinder Sampling for Volatile Crude Oils Condensate.pdf
  • API MPMS 8 5 SPANISH-2015 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 5 - Standard Practice for Manual Piston Cylinder Sampling for Volatile Crude Oils .pdfAPI MPMS 8 5 SPANISH-2015 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 5 - Standard Practice for Manual Piston Cylinder Sampling for Volatile Crude Oils .pdf
  • API MPMS 8 4-2017 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 4 Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement (FOURTH .pdfAPI MPMS 8 4-2017 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 4 Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement (FOURTH .pdf
  • API MPMS 8 4-2014 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 4 Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement (THIRD E.pdfAPI MPMS 8 4-2014 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 4 Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement (THIRD E.pdf
  • API MPMS 8 3-1995 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 - Sampling Section 3 - Standard Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petr.pdfAPI MPMS 8 3-1995 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8 - Sampling Section 3 - Standard Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petr.pdf
  • 猜你喜欢
    相关搜索

    当前位置:首页 > 标准规范 > 国际标准 > API

    copyright@ 2008-2019 麦多课文库(www.mydoc123.com)网站版权所有
    备案/许可证编号:苏ICP备17064731号-1