1、 Residential Natural Gas Market Survey March 2017 (2015 Data) RESIDENTIAL NATURAL GAS MARKET SURVEY 2015 DATA 68th Annual Survey of the U.S. Natural Gas Utility Industry Published by the Energy Analysis and Standards Group American Gas Association 400 N. Capitol Street, NW, Suite 450 Washington, D.C
2、. 20001 www.aga.org Notice In issuing and making this publication available, AGA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is AGA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document s
3、hould rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. The statements in this publication are for general information and represent an unaudited compilation of statis
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6、o at your own risk. Information on the topics covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication. January 2017 by the American Gas Association. All rights reserved. Reproduction in wh
7、ole or in part is prohibited without the permission of the copyright owner. AGA Catalog No. F00017 . i CONTENTS Introduction . 1 Executive Summary 2 United States Housing Market in 2015 . 4 New Housing Completions . 4 Existing Housing . 8 Residential Natural Gas Customers in 2015 . 11 Total Resident
8、ial Customers . 11 House-Heating Customers 11 Natural Gas Customer and Unit Additions . 11 House-Heating Conversions . 11 Natural Gas Appliance Market Share and Consumption . 13 Market Share of Natural Gas Appliances in Residences 14 Natural Gas Consumption per Appliance . 17 Gas Hearth Shipments. 1
9、8 Residential Bill Payment Assistance Programs 18 Competitive Residential Energy Prices . 20 Appendix A Sales Customers, Consumption, and Revenue Data by Company Appendix B Transportation Customers and Consumption Data by Company Appendix C Changes in Customers and Consumption from Previous Year by
10、Company Appendix D Metropolitan Statistical Area Natural Gas Market Shares Appendix E U.S. Census Regions i ii LIST OF TABLES Page 1. 2015 Private Housing Completions by Heating Fuel.5 2. Comparison of 2014 and 2015 Private Housing Completions6 3. Market Share of Private Housing Completions by Heati
11、ng Fuel (2005-2015) .8 4. 2015 Household Space Heating Market Share9 5. Historic Household Space Heating Market Shares.10 6. 2015 Gas Customers and Unit Additions . .12 7. Changes in U. S. Primary Home Heating Energy Sources 2000 2010.13 8. Market Share of Natural Gas Space Heating 1987-2015.14 9. M
12、arket Share of Natural Gas Cooking 1987-201514 10. Market Share of Natural Gas Water Heating 1987-201515 11. Market Share of Natural Gas Clothes Drying 1987-2015.15 12. Market Share of Natural Gas, 2015.1 6 13. Natural Gas Market Share by Sector, 2013 .16 14. U.S. Natural Gas Customer Appliance Prof
13、ile. .17 15. 2015 Annual Gas Consumption per Appliance by Region 17 16. Hearth Industry Unit Shipments1 8 17. Energy Assistance and Energy Efficiency Contributions.1 9 18. 2015 Competitive Fuel Prices 20 LIST OF FIGURES Page 1. Gas Heat is Preferred in New Homes over Electricity and OilSingle Family
14、 Completions 2001-2015. .3 2. Heating Market Share of All Private Housing Completions 2004-2015 .7 1 Introduction This years report is the 68th annual Residential Natural Gas Market Survey conducted by the American Gas Association (AGA). The data collected for 2015 provide a unique and comprehensive
15、 portrait of the residential natural gas market. Detailed information is presented by state and region, including customers, market share, inventory additions from new homes, and conversions from alternative fuels. Company-specific data are reported in Appendices A, B and C. Appendix D presents natu
16、ral gas market shares data for the metropolitan statistical areas. A total of 55 natural gas utility companies responded to this years survey, representing 42 percent of the total U.S. residential customers. These responses are an increase from the 54 utilities that responded to last years survey. C
17、ompany-specific data were also derived from the Energy Information Administrations Form 176 database. Incorporated in the survey results are data regarding new private housing completions as well as existing homes from the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The source of these data is different from the sta
18、tistics compiled from the survey respondents and should be evaluated separately. Our thanks go to those companies participating in this Residential Natural Gas Market Survey information-gathering effort. Their cooperation and support are essential to making this publication a primary source of natur
19、al gas utility industry data and an important industry reference. 2 Executive Summary In the United States, 58 percent of households, or 67.9 million customers, have natural gas service. Eighty-four percent of these customers used natural gas for house heating. Natural gas remained the United States
20、 most popular energy source for home heating, with a 47 percent residential market share. Put another way, natural gas heated more homes in this country than all other major energy sources combined electricity was 38 percent, heating oil six percent, and propane five percent. In 2015, the majority o
21、f newly built single-family homes (60 percent) featured gas heat. The gas space-heating share of new single-family housing completions exceeded the electric share in all but the southern region of the country. New gas single-family home completions have exceeded all other energy sources for at least
22、 fifteen years (see Figure 1). In the new multi-family housing arena, gas market share for space heating increased to 37 percent in 2015 compared to 33 percent in 2014. When both single- and multi-family units are considered, the gas heating share of new housing completions continued at 52 percent,
23、compared to the previous year. The overall electric share remained the same at 47 percent. Net additions to the number of residential natural gas customers totaled 646,201 in 2015. This represents a 0.6 percent increase in total customers compared to 2014. The 2015 survey results show that roughly 2
24、3 percent of all new natural gas customers came from homes converted from another energy source. In fact, survey respondents were asked to provide a breakdown of conversions by fuel type. Based on these data, fuel oil conversions to natural gas accounted for 26 percent of all conversions. Approximat
25、ely 9 percent of conversion customers had previously heated with electricity. The respondents were unable to identify the previous heating fuel for 65 percent of the homes. In 2015, natural gas water heaters had a 48 percent market share, while shares for gas cooking remained at 35 percent and cloth
26、es drying 16 percent. During 2014, at least $7.96 billion went to assist low-income households pay their energy bills or weatherize their homes. Most of the funding came from the federal Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), with $3.4 billion in funds. Utilities, both electric and natu
27、ral gas, accounted for 43 percent ($3.5 billion) of the total in the form of discounts, waivers, forgiveness of arrearages, and weatherization programs. 3 Figure 1 Gas Heat is Preferred in New Homes over Electricity and Oil Single-Family Home Completions (2001-2015) Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census
28、, Annual 2015 Characteristics of New Housing NOTE: Gas includes both propane and natural gas.4 United States Housing Market in 2015 New Housing Completions Home-building increased significantly in 2015, with 968,000 homes being built, a 10 percent increase from 2014. Gas heat continued to dominate t
29、he new single-family home market. According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, new single-family completions heated by gas totaled 386,000 in 2015, up 3 percent from 373,000 in 2014. Gas heating market share remained at 60 percent in 2015, compared to 60 percent in 2014 and 61 percent in 2013. The 20
30、15 electric heating market share of new home completions was 39 percent. Single-family home completions heated by gas exceeded electric completions for the 28th consecutive year. In the 2015 new multi-family housing arena, gas market share for space heating increased to 37 percent, compared to 33 pe
31、rcent in 2014. The total number of multi-family units completed in 2015 increased to 320,000 compared to 261,000 in 2014. Market share for electric heat stayed the same compared to 2014. Gas-heated multi-family units numbered 117,000 compared with 85,000 electric units in 2014. When both single and
32、multi-family units are considered, the market share of new housing heated by gas in 2015 was 52 percent. The overall 2015 electric house heating market share remained the same at 47 percent. Tables 1 and 2 present the regional breakdown of units completed by type of fuel. Single-family home completi
33、ons heated by gas outnumbered electric completions in all regions except the South. The gas market shares in the Northeast, Midwest, South and West regions were 87 percent, 81 percent, 39 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In the multi-family sector, gas completions exceeded electric in the North
34、east and West regions. Table 3 shows new housing market share data from 2004 to 2015. The Census data show that in recent years, electric market share has increased at the expense of gas, from 65 percent gas and 33 percent electric in 2004 to 52 percent for gas and 47 percent for electric in 2015. 5
35、 Table 1 2015 Housing Completions by Heating Fuel Share Units (Thousands) Single-Family U.S. Northeast Midwest South West Gas1 60% 386 40 83 139 124 Electricity 39% 254 4 18 212 20 Oil 0% 0 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Other2 1% 8 2 2 1 2 Subtotal 100% 648 46 103 352 146 Multi-Family Gas1 37% 117 39 24 5 49 Elec
36、tricity 63% 203 7 27 133 36 Oil Z (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Other2 NA NA NA NA NA NA Subtotal 100% 320 46 51 138 85 Combined Gas1 52% 503 79 107 144 173 Electricity 47% 457 11 45 345 56 Oil 0% 0 0 0 0 0 Other2 1% 8 2 2 1 2 TOTAL 100% 968 92 154 490 231 Heat Pump3 Single-Family 79% 200 4 20 221 20 Multi-Fa
37、mily 55% 112 5 17 102 22 Combined 68% 312 9 37 323 42 Manufactured Homes4 46 3 7 29 8 1Includes propane. 2Includes wood, coal, solar, and other fuels. 3Subset of electricity. Share information reflects total market. 4Not included in the totals for Single-Family, Multi-Family, or Combined. Heating fu
38、el information not available for manufactured homes. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census Website. Z = Less than 500 units or less than 0.5 percent. NA = Not available Note: Components may not add to totals due to rounding and withheld data Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Characteristics of New Hous
39、ing: 2015 6 Table 2 A Comparison of 2014 and 2015 Private Housing Completions (Percent of Home Energy Market) U.S. Total Northeast Midwest South West 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 Single-Family Gas1 60% 60% 86% 87% 81% 81% 39% 39% 86% 85% Electricity 38% 39% 10% 9% 17% 17% 60% 60
40、% 12% 14% Oil 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Other 1% 1% 4% 4% 2% 2% 1% 0% 1% 1% Multi-Family Gas1 33% 37% 82% 85% 30% 47% 4% 4% 55% 58% Electricity 67% 63% 18% 15% 70% 53% 96% 96% 45% 42% Oil 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Other NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Combined Gas1 52% 52% 84% 86% 66% 69% 30%
41、29% 76% 75% Electricity 47% 47% 14% 12% 33% 29% 69% 70% 23% 24% Oil 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Other 1% 1% 2% 2% 1% 1% 0% 0% 1% 1% 1Includes propane. Z = Less than 500 units or less than 0.5 percent. NA = Not available Note: Percentages may not add up to 100% due to rounding Source: U.S. Bureau o
42、f the Census, Characteristics of New Housing: 2015 7 Source: See Table 3 on the next page. Note: Gas includes natural gas and propane. 8 Table 3 Market Share of Private Housing Completions by Heating Fuel (2004-2014) 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Single-Family Gas1 69%
43、66% 62% 60% 59% 55% 54% 55% 59% 61% 60% 60% Electricity 29% 31% 35% 38% 38% 42% 43% 43% 39% 38% 38% 39% Oil 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% Other 1% 1% 1% 1% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% Multi-Family Gas1 53% 55% 56% 58% 62% 62% 62% 62% 40% 33% 33% 37% Electricity 46% 43% 43% 41% 37% 36% 35% 37% 60%
44、66% 67% 63% Oil Z 2% Z 1% Z Z Z Z 0% 0% 0% 0% Other NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Combined Gas1 65% 63% 59% 56% 53% 48% 50% 50% 54% 54% 52% 52% Electricity 33% 35% 39% 42% 45% 49% 48% 47% 45% 45% 47% 47% Oil 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% Other 1% 0% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1Include
45、s propane. S = Data withheld because they did not meet publication standards on the basis of response rate, associated standard error or consistency review. Z = Less than 500 units or less than 0.5 percent. NA = Not available Note: Percentages may not add up to 100% due to rounding Source: U.S. Bure
46、au of the Census, Characteristics of New Housing: 2015 Existing Housing According to the U.S. Census Bureau, nearly half of the existing housing units in 2015 used natural gas to heat their homes, accounting for approximately 57 million (or 49 percent) of the 117 million occupied housing units in th
47、e United States (see Table 4). Gas holds the largest market share in the Midwest, where 68 percent of the homes in that region have gas-heating systems. Gas heating beats out the competition in the Northeast and West regions of the country. Natural gas house-heating market share in the Northeast was
48、 54 percent, while the natural gas share was 58 percent in the West. Gas has the lowest market share in the warmer climate of the South. About 30 percent of the houses in the South used natural gas space heating in 2015. 9 Table 4 2015 Household Space-Heating Market Share N A T U R A L G A S E L E C T R I C I T Y F U E L O I L P R O P A N E O T H E RNORT HE AST 54% 15% 23% 4% 4%NEW ENGLAND 39% 13% 37% 6% 5%C o n n e c t i c u t 35% 16% 42% 4% 3%M a i n e 7% 6% 62% 9% 15%M a s s a c h u s e
