1、ANSI/AGMA6123-B06ANSI/AGMA 6123-B06Reaffirmed November 2012AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDDesign Manual for Enclosed EpicyclicGear DrivesiiDesign Manual for Enclosed Epicyclic Gear DrivesAGMA 6123-B06Revision of ANSI/AGMA 6023-A88 and ANSI/AGMA 6123-A88ApprovalofanAmericanNationalStandardrequiresverifica
2、tionbyANSIthattherequire-ments for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by thestandards developer.Consensusisestablishedwhen,inthejudgmentoftheANSIBoardofStandardsReview,substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests.Substantiala
3、greementmeansmuchmorethanasimplemajority,butnotnecessarilyuna-nimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that aconcerted effort be made toward their resolution.TheuseofAmericanNationalStandardsiscompletelyvoluntary;theirexistencedoesnotin any respect preclude anyone,
4、 whether he has approved the standards or not, frommanufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures notconforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in nocircumstances give an interpretation of any American
5、National Standard. Moreover, noperson shall have the right or authority toissue aninterpretation ofan AmericanNationalStandardinthenameoftheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute. Requestsforinterpre-tation of this standard should be addressed to the American Gear ManufacturersAssociation.CAUTION NOTICE
6、: AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement,revision, or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMAtechnical publication should be sure that the publication is the latest available from theAssociation on the subject matter.Tablesorotherself-supporti
7、ngsectionsmaybereferenced. Citationsshouldread: SeeANSI/AGMA6123-B06,DesignManualforEnclosedEpicyclicGearDrives,publishedbythe American Gear Manufacturers Association, 500 Montgomery Street, Suite 350,Alexandria, Virginia 22314, http:/www.agma.org.Approved September 20, 2006ABSTRACTThisisadesignmanu
8、alfordrivesemployingepicyclicgeararrangements. Itincludesdescriptionsofepicyclicdrives,nomenclature,applicationinformationanddesignguidelineswithreferencetootherAGMAstandards.Published byAmerican Gear Manufacturers Association500 Montgomery Street, Suite 350, Alexandria, Virginia 22314Copyright 2006
9、 by American Gear Manufacturers AssociationAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronicretrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaISBN: 1-55589-875-0AmericanNationalStandar
10、dANSI/AGMA 6123-B06AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDiii AGMA 2006 - All rights reservedContentsForeword v.1 Scope 1.2 Normative references 1.3 Symbols and terminology 24 Applications 85 Epicyclic gearing arrangements 156 Meshing and assembly requirements 24.7 Tooth geometry 34.8 Circulating power 359 Load
11、sharing 3710 Components 3811 Thermal power rating 50.12 Lubrication 63Bibliography 96.AnnexesA Example of preliminary design procedure for a simple epicyclic gear set 66.B Special considerations in design of epicyclic gearboxes 70.C Calculated example of two stage wind turbine speed increaser 73.D C
12、alculated example of catalog epicyclic speed reducer 78.E Example of compound planetary drive 84F Compound planetary timing 86.G Example of thermal rating calculations 90Tables1 Symbols and terms 2.2 Exponent p and number of load cycles NLreffor steel gears 9.3 Speed ratios 174 Guideline for maximum
13、 ratio for simple star and planetary epicyclics withdifferent numbers of planets 26.5 Epicyclic gear train meshing requirements 27.6 Epicyclic gear factorizing and non-factorizing 287 Hunting tooth relations 298 Mesh load factor for the heaviest loaded planet 379 Fastener preload tensile stress 4510
14、 Joint stiffness factor 4511 Load peak frequency factor, fL47.12 Bearing dip factor (oil bath lubrication), fO55.13 Factors for calculating M157.14 Exponents for calculation of M15815 Factor f2for cylindrical roller bearings 58.16 Maximum allowable oil sump temperature modifier, BST62.17 Ambient air
15、 temperature modifier, BAT6218 Ambient air velocity modifier, BV63.19 Altitude modifier, BA6320 Operation time modifier, BD63.ANSI/AGMA 6123-B06 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDiv AGMA 2006 - All rights reservedFigures1 Load bins with equal damage behavior according to equation 1 9.2Bins(T1, n1) and (T2,
16、n2) replaced by bin (T2, n2e)103 Pitch circle and engagement impulse 14.4 Simple epicyclic 16.5 Compound epicyclic 166 Coupled planetary 16.7 Sun input/carrier output 22.8 Ring input/carrier output 239 Combination input 24.10 Coupled planetary 25.11 Compound-coupled planetary 25.12 Calculation of cl
17、earance between planet outside diameters 2613 Epicyclic system with partially factorizing tooth numbers 2914 Tooth marking 30.15 Compound epicyclic system with extra sun and ring gears 31.16 One planet alone 3217 Planet gears with odd numbers of teeth 33.18 Non-factorizing three planet system 3319 C
18、irculating power example 3520 Simple planetary - power capacity 36.21 Single articulation 4122 Double articulation 42.23 Frictional force 4324 Fastener grip requirement 46.25 Fitted key 47.26 Typical example of a straddle type carrier for use with five ring shapedplanets 48.27 Determination of therm
19、al rating by test 5228 Graphical representation of calculation of thermal rating 53.29 Tapered roller bearing load equations 59.30 Bearing power loss coefficient, j 60.ANSI/AGMA 6123-B06AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDv AGMA 2006 - All rights reservedForewordThe foreword, footnotes and annexes, if any, in
20、 this document are provided forinformational purposes only and are not to be construed as a part of AGMA Standard6123-B06, Design Manual for Enclosed Epicyclic Gear Drives.This standard presents design information and rating methods for epicyclic enclosed geardrives. This standard supersedes ANSI/AG
21、MA 6023-A88 and ANSI/AGMA 6123-A88.The initial AGMA publication that addressed epicyclic gearing was a portion of AGMA420.04, Practice for Enclosed Speed Reducers or Increasers Using Spur, Helical,Herringbone and Spiral Bevel Gears. It was published in 1975, but was subsequentlysupersededbyANSI/AGMA
22、6123-A88,DesignManualforEnclosedEpicyclicGearDrives,a much more comprehensive epicyclic gear document, published in 1988.AGMA reactivated the Epicyclic Gear Committee to develop a revision to ANSI/AGMA6123-A88 that would incorporate additional guidelines, the latest gearing technology asapplied to e
23、picyclic gears, and SI units exclusively.The purpose of this standard is to provide the user of enclosed epicyclic geardrives withamethod of specifying and comparing proposed designs to help predict the relativeperformance of different units. This standard is intended to establish a common base forr
24、atingepicyclicgearunitsandtoencouragethemaximumpracticaldegreeofuniformityandconsistencybetweenratingpracticesinthegearindustry. Itemphasizesthecomplexityofepicyclic unit design, and the need to consider the entire system of housings, bearings,gears and shafts in establishing the rating of a drive.T
25、he formulas presented in this standard contain numerous terms whose individual valuescan vary significantly depending on application, system effects, accuracy, andmanufacturing methods. Proper evaluation of these terms is essential for realistic rating.The knowledge and judgment required to evaluate
26、 properly the various rating factorscomes primarily from years of accumulated experience in designing, testing,manufacturing, and operating similar gear units. The detailed treatment of the generalratingformulasforspecificproductapplicationsisbestaccomplishedbythoseexperiencedin the field.Thefirstdr
27、aftofANSI/AGMA6123-B06wascreatedinSeptember2001. ItwasapprovedbythemembershipinMarch2006andasanAmericanNationalStandardonSeptember20,2006.Suggestionsforimprovementofthisstandardwillbewelcome. TheyshouldbesenttotheAmericanGearManufacturersAssociation,500MontgomeryStreet,Suite350,Alexandria,Virginia 2
28、2314.ANSI/AGMA 6123-B06 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDvi AGMA 2006 - All rights reservedPERSONNEL of the AGMA Epicyclic Enclosed Drive (Planetary) CommitteeChairman: Octave A. LaBath Gear Consulting Services of Cincinnati, LLCACTIVE MEMBERSJ.B. Amendola MAAG Gear AG.M.R. Chaplin Contour Hardening, IncJ.
29、R. Dammon Fairfield Manufacturing, Co., Inc.R.A. Geary Comer Industries, Inc.U. Giger GDC Urs Giger GmbH.J.M. Hawkins Rolls-Royce Corp.V. Kirov Merit Gear Corporation.T. Klaves Milwaukee Gear Company, Inc.D.R. McVittie Gear Engineers, Inc.A.G. Milburn Milburn Engineering, IncT. Miller CST - Cincinna
30、ti.D. Parker Fairchild Industrial Products CompanyJ. Picard Hamilton Sundstrand AerospaceR.L. Platt General Motors CorporationP.S. Potter BHS Getriebe, IncD. Richter Textron Power Transmission.R.A. Schunck Rexnord Geared ProductsW.J. Tsung DanaJ. Villa Solar Turbines, Inc.1 AGMA 2006 - All rights re
31、servedANSI/AGMA 6123-B06AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDAmerican National Standard -Design Manual forEnclosed Epicyclic GearDrives1 ScopeThis standard is applicable to enclosed epicyclicspeed reducers and increasers which use spur andhelical gears. It applies to non-aircraft, industrial,vehicular, or mach
32、ine tool gear units with carrierspeeds less than 1800 rpm.1.1 LimitationsRating methods and influences identified in thisstandardarelimitedtoencloseddrivesofsingleandmultiplestagedesigns. Amoredetailedengineeringstudyshouldbeundertakenifconditionssuchasthefollowing exist:- light weight;- pitch line
33、velocity greater than 35 m/s;- high power;- minimum space;- lubricationotherthanspecifiedbyANSI/AGMA9005-E02;- low speed;- double helical gearing;- unusual ambient temperature.The American Gear Manufacturers Associationmakes no representation, warranty, or guarantee inconnection with the publication
34、 of any AGMAstandardandherebyexpresslydisclaimsanyliabilityor responsibility for loss or damage resulting fromtheiruse. Similarly,violationofanyfederal,state,ormunicipal regulation with which an AGMA standardmay conflict, or for the infringement of any patentresulting from the use of an AGMA standar
35、d is theresponsibility of the user.1.2 AnnexesAnnexes are for reference only and are not a part ofthis standard.2 Normative referencesThe following standards contain provisions which,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthis American National Standard. At the time ofpublication, the edit
36、ions indicated were valid. Allstandards are subject to revision, and parties toagreements based on this American National Stan-dard are encouraged to investigate the possibility ofapplying the most recent editions of the standardsindicated below.AGMA 925-A03, Effect of Lubrication on GearSurface Dis
37、tressAGMA 927-A01, Load Distribution Factors -Analytical Methods for Cylindrical GearsANSI/AGMA, 1012-G05, Gear Nomenclature,Definitions of Terms with SymbolsANSI/AGMA 2015-1-A01, Accuracy Classifica-tion System - Tangential Measurements forCylindrical GearsANSI/AGMA2101-D04,FundamentalRatingFac-tor
38、sandCalculationMethodsforInvoluteSpurandHelical Gear TeethANSI/AGMA/AWEA 6006-A03, Standard for De-sign and Specification of Gearboxes for WindTurbinesANSI/AGMA6110-F97,StandardforSpur,Helical,Herringbone and Bevel Enclosed DrivesANSI/AGMA 9005-E02, Industrial GearLubricationISO 281:2000, Rolling Be
39、arings - Dynamic LoadRatings and Rating LifeISO 6336-1:1996, Calculation of load capacity ofspur and helical gears - Part 1: Basic principles,introduction and general influence factorsISO 6336-2:1996, Calculation of load capacity ofspur and helical gears - Part 2: Calculation ofsurface durability (p
40、itting)ANSI/AGMA 6123-B06 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD2 AGMA 2006 - All rights reservedISO 6336-3:1996, Calculation of load capacity ofspurandhelicalgears -Part3:Calculationoftoothbending strengthISO 6336-5:2003, Calculation of load capacity ofspur and helical gears - Part 5: Strength andquality of ma
41、terialsISO/DIS 6336-6, Calculation of load capacity ofspur and helical gears - Part 6: Calculation ofservice life under variable loadISO9085:2002,Calculationofloadcapacityofspurandhelicalgears -ApplicationforindustrialgearsISO/TR13593:1999,Encloseddrives forindustrialapplications3 Symbols and termin
42、ology3.1 SymbolsThe symbols used in this standard are as shown intable 1.NOTE: Thesymbolsandtermscontainedinthisdocu-mentmayvaryfromthoseusedinotherAGMAandISOstandards. Usersofthisstandardshouldassurethem-selves that they are using these symbols and terms inthe manner indicated herein.3.2 Nomenclatu
43、reThetermsused,whereverapplicable,conformtothefollowing standards:AGMA 904-C96, Metric UsageANSI/AGMA 1012-G05, Gear Nomenclature,Definitions of Terms with SymbolsTable 1 - Symbols and termsSymbols Definition UnitsWhere firstusedACCarrier arrangement constant - - Eq. 84AFSurface area exposed to forc
44、ed convection m2Eq.72ARFit holding capacity N Eq. 63AsStress cross section of fastener mm2Eq. 53ATTotal surface area exposed to ambient air m2Eq. 70a Bearing load exponent - - Eq. 89a1, 2, 3Bearing life calculation factors - - 10.2.6.1BAAltitude modifier - - Eq. 110BATAmbient air temperature modifie
45、r - - Eq. 110BDOperation time modifier - - Eq. 110BSTMaximum allowable oil sump temperature modifier - - Eq. 110BVAmbient air velocity modifier - - Eq. 110b Mean bearing diameter exponent - - Eq. 89b Engaged spline length mm Eq. 42bkWidth of key mm Eq. 59bweEngaged sun/planet face width mm Eq. 98bwi
46、Engaged planet/ring face width mm Eq. 105bWPPlanet gear face width mm Eq. 86bWSSunpinionfacewidth mm Eq. 84C Clearance mm Figure 12CSContact oil seal material constant - - Eq. 78CSFService factor for pitting resistance - - Eq. 6C0Bearing basic static load rating N Table 13CD Operating center distanc
47、e mm Figure 12c Sleeve bearing diametral clearance mm Eq. 92(continued)ANSI/AGMA 6123-B06AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD3 AGMA 2006 - All rights reservedTable 1 (continued)Symbols Definition UnitsWhere firstusedD Outside diameter of largest drive ring gear mm Eq. 73DCCarrier outside diameter mm Eq. 87DfN
48、ominal diameter of threaded fastener mm Eq. 54DSDiameter of shaft at oil seal contact mm Eq. 78d Diameter at half working depth mm Eq. 42dbSleeve bearing bore mm Eq. 92dheOutside diameter of hub mm Eq. 67dhiInside diameter of hub mm Eq. 67dIBearing bore diameter mm Eq. 81diInside diameter of hollow
49、shaft mm Eq. 46disSpline inside diameter mm Eq. 43dMMean bearing diameter mm Eq. 80dmaxMaximum nominal fastener diameter mm Table 9dminMinimum diameter of shaft mm Eq.46dOBearing outside diameter mm Eq. 81dOPPlanet gear outside diameter mm Eq. 86dOSSun pinion outside diameter mm Eq. 84dosSpline outside diameter mm Eq. 43dPPlanet pitch diameter mm Figure 12dPoPlanet outside diameter mm Figure 12dRRing gear pitch diameter mm Figure 12dRiRing gear inside diameter mm Fig
