1、Heat Treatment ServicesBatch Type for Equipment Used in the Petroleum and Natural Gas IndustryAPI STANDARD 20H FIRST EDITION, OCTOBER 2015Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regul
2、ations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any li
3、ability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights
4、.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly
5、 disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating pra
6、ctices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any
7、manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable
8、 API standard.Users of this Standard should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, trans
9、lated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2015 American Petrol
10、eum InstituteForewordNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as
11、insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to con
12、form to the specificationThis document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments an
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14、hed herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards De
15、partment, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.ii
16、iContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Heat Treatment Specification Levels (HSLs) . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Heat Treatment Supplier Qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2 Qualification Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 Heat Trea
22、tment Specification Levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.4 Processing Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . 45 Responsibilities and Duties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Personnel Training Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、. . . . . . . . . 57 Heat Treatment Facility Capability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.2 Identification and Traceability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Heat Treatment Equipment Temperature Uniformity Survey (TUS) and Calibration. . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . 68.1 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.2 HSL-1 and HSL-2 Furnace TUS and Instrumentation Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.3 HSL-3 Furnace TUS and Instrumentation Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.4 Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Heat Treatment Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.1 Furnace Atmosphere. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.2 Process Validation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1010 Furnace Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1011 Heat Treatment Quench Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1112 Heat Treatment Equipment Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1213 Manufacturing Process Specification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1213.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1213.2 Heat Treatment Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1313.3 Quench Variables . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1313.4 Inspection and Test Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1314 Heat Tr
34、eatment Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1414.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . 1414.2 Document Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1414.3 Records to be Maintained by Heat Treatment Supplier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1414.4 Requirements for Heat Treatment Certificates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1414.5 Record Retention. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1515 Handling, Storage, and Shipping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15vContentsPage16 Minimum Facility Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Annex A Sample Heat Treatment Facility Capability Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Tables1 Processing Classes and Material Grades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Processing Class Qualification Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Minimum Facility Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Figures1 Thermocouple locationsRectangular furnace (working zone). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Thermocouple locationsCylindrical furnace (working zone) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41、. . . . . . . . . 71Heat Treatment ServicesBatch Type for Equipment Usedin the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry1 Scope1.1 PurposeThis standard specifies requirements for the qualification of suppliers of heat treatment services used in the manufacture of equipment for the petroleum and natural gas
42、 industries.1.2 ApplicabilityThis standard is applicable to suppliers providing heat treatment services where API product standards require such services or otherwise specified as a requirement for conformance. The requirements of this standard apply to batch heat treatment operations that establish
43、 or affect the final mechanical properties and include stress relief operations. This standard applies to carbon steel, low-alloy steel, stainless steel, and nickel-base alloys. Case hardening, induction hardening, and flame hardening are not covered by this standard.1.3 Heat Treatment Specification
44、 Levels (HSLs)This standard establishes the requirements for three heat treatment specification levels (HSLs). These HSL designations define different levels of heat treatment technical, quality, and qualification requirements.2 Normative ReferencesThe following referenced document is indispensable
45、for the application of this standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document, including any amendments, apply.SAE AMS2750 1, Pyrometry3 Terms, Definitions, Acronyms, and AbbreviationsFor purposes of this standard, the following terms, definitions, and acronyms apply.3.
46、1 Terms and Definitions3.1.1 acceptance criteriaDefined limits placed on characteristics of materials, processes, products, or services.3.1.2 case hardeningA generic term covering several processes applicable to steel that change the chemical composition of the surface layer by absorption of carbon,
47、 nitrogen, or a mixture of the two and, by diffusion, create a concentration gradient. The result is a thin layer on the surface that is harder than the metal beneath it. The processes commonly used are carburizing and quench hardening, cyaniding, nitriding, and carbon nitriding.3.1.3 final inspecti
48、onThe final visual examination and documentation release of the heat-treated material.1SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, Pennsylvania 15096-0001, www.sae.org.2 API STANDARD 20H3.1.4 flame hardeningA process for hardening the surfaces of hardenable ferrous alloys in which an inte
49、nse flame is used to heat the surface layers above the upper transformation temperature, whereupon the work-piece or area of the surface that has been heated by direct flame impingement is immediately quenched.3.1.5 heat sinkMetal of a defined cross section and similar heat transfer characteristics to the part(s) being heat treated and used to monitor the heat treatment temperature by the use of an embedded thermocouple. 3.1.6 induction hardeningA surface hardening process in which only the surface layer of a suitable ferrous work-piece is heated by electromagnetic induction to a temp
