1、Designation: C565 15 An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forTension Testing of Carbon and Graphite MechanicalMaterials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C565; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover the apparatus, specimen, andprocedures for the tension testing of carbo
3、n and graphitemechanical materials with a grain size smaller than 0.79 mm.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.2.1 ExceptionAll of the figures are dimensioned ininches in accordance with the original standard.1.
4、3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Doc
5、uments2.1 ASTM Standards:2C749 Test Method for Tensile Stress-Strain of Carbon andGraphiteE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The definitions of terms relating to tension testing inTerminol
6、ogy E6 shall be considered as applying to the termsused in these test methods.3.1.2 tensile strength, nproperty of solid material thatindicates its ability to withstand a uniaxial tensile load,converted to unit stress based on the original cross-section areaof the tensile test specimen.3.1.3 ultimat
7、e tensile strength, nthe maximum tensilestress applied in stretching a specimen to rupture.4. Significance and Use4.1 These test methods may be used for quality controltesting of established grades of carbon and graphite materials,in the development of new grades, and for other purposeswhere relativ
8、e strength levels are the primary quantities ofinterest. This test method may be applicable only if the ratio ofspecimen diameter to grain size, or flaw size, is greater than 5.4.2 These test methods do not substitute for that describedin Test Method C749, but are useful where less sophisticateddata
9、 and less expensive techniques are sufficient.4.3 Carbon and graphite materials exhibit significant physi-cal property differences within parent materials. Exact sam-pling patterns and grain orientations must be specified in orderto make meaningful tensile strength comparisons.5. Apparatus5.1 Testin
10、g MachineThe machine used for tension testingshall conform to the requirements of Practices E4. The testingmachine shall have a capacity that the breaking load of the testspecimen falls between 10 % and 90 % of the scale capacity.5.2 Gripping DevicesGripping devices that conform tothe principles of
11、those illustrated in Fig. 1 shall be used(dimensions that reflect the use of SI units are permissible).These gripping devices shall be attached to the heads of thetesting machine through chain connectors. Fig. 2 shows thegripping device connected to the heads. Extreme care shall betaken that the axi
12、s of the test specimen is located on the centerline of the head of the testing machine.6. Test Specimens6.1 Test specimens shall be produced to the configurationshown in Fig. 3.6.2 Improperly prepared test specimens often cause unsat-isfactory test results. It is important, therefore, that care beex
13、ercised in the preparation of specimens, particularly in themachining and polishing.6.3 The specimen shall be hand polished with No. 000 drypaper until no circular grooves are visible to the naked eye.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid F
14、uels, and Lubricants and are the direct responsibilityof Subcommittee D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published January 2016. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C565 93(2010)1.DOI: 10.1520/C0565-15.2For ref
15、erenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopy
16、right ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.4 The acceptable fracture zone of the specimen shall be19 mm long with the center of the zone at the point ofminimum diameter. Marks indicating fracture zone limits maybe applied with ink
17、or layout dope, but no scratching,punching, or notching of the specimen is permissible.6.5 To determine the cross-sectional area, the diameter ofthe specimen at the narrowest point shall be used. Thedimension shall be recorded to the nearest 0.02 mm.7. Speed of Testing7.1 Speed of testing may be def
18、ined in terms of free-runningof the crosshead speed or in terms of rate of stressing thespecimen. Both methods are permissible.7.2 When free-running crosshead speed is used, the speedshall be 0.50 % 6 10 % mm/min.7.3 When rate of stressing the specimen is used, an appliedforce of 890 N/min 6 220 N/m
19、in shall be used.8. Tensile Strength8.1 Calculate the tensile strength by dividing the maximumload carried by the specimen during a tension test by thecross-sectional area of the specimen as defined in 6.5. Theweight of the bottom grip assembly must be accounted for inthe tensile strength calculatio
20、n.8.2 If any part of the fracture takes place outside theacceptable fracture zone as defined in 6.4, the test shall bediscarded but reported.9. Report9.1 Report the following:9.1.1 Identification; manufacturer, grade number, lotnumber, and original material size;NOTE 1All dimensions are in inches.NO
21、TE 2Material is stainless steel.NOTE 3Surface finish of working surfaces, 11 microinches AA orbetter.NOTE 4Break all sharp corners.NOTE 5Top and bottom collars to be split into two 180 sections. Maxcutwidth not to exceed116 in.FIG. 1 Gripping DevicesFIG. 2 Test SetupNOTE 1All dimensions are in inche
22、s.NOTE 2Specimen shall be hand-polished on 9.141 to 9.172 radiuswith No. 000 dry paper until no circular grooves are visible to the nakedeye.FIG. 3 Test SpecimenC565 1529.1.2 Average ultimate tensile strength (MPa);9.1.3 Method of loading (see Section 7);9.1.4 Number of samples tested;9.1.5 Number o
23、f samples reported;9.1.6 Standard deviation (MPa); and9.1.7 Specimen orientation.10. Precision and Bias10.1 These test methods are intended to be less sophisti-cated than the method described in Test Method C749. For thisreason an interlaboratory test program was not performed, butrather a direct co
24、mparison of the two tensile-test techniqueswas made. Two graphite grades of low variability were testedby two different laboratories, one with extensive experiencewith Test Method C749, the other in the technique of thisstandard.10.2 The details of the experiments, the data base, and thestatistical
25、analyses may be obtained from ASTM.310.3 PrecisionApproximately 20 specimens of the twomaterials were supplied for testing under these test methodsand ten specimens for testing under Test Method C749. Theresulting data were examined for outliers by the Dixon Test,Grubbs T-Test, and skewness. The dat
26、a sets were examinedfor normality by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and for skew-ness and kurtosis. No outliers were found and only kurtosis forthe two ten-specimen sets was found to be significant. Thisdoes not invalidate a test on means.10.3.1 By the approximate T-test, the means for the twotechnique
27、s were found to be the same for any significance level equal to or less than 0.60 (two sided) corresponding to anobserved difference in means of 0.9 %. An F-test on varianceratios between the two tests showed a significant difference at equal to or greater than 0.025 (one sided) for the observedvari
28、ance ratio of about five.10.3.2 It is concluded that these test methods will quitesatisfactorily produce mean values of tensile strengths, but arenot satisfactory for producing good estimates for variance(standard deviation) unless proven by other measurementtechniques for the material in question.1
29、0.4 BiasBias has not been determined.11. Keywords11.1 carbon; graphite; tensile strengthSUMMARY OF CHANGESSubcommittee D02.F0 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C565 93 (2010)1) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Dec. 1, 2015.)(1) R
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