1、Designation: F1139 88 (Reapproved 2015) An American National StandardStandard Specification forSteam Traps and Drains1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1139; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification2provides the minimum requirementsfor the design, fabrication, pressure rating, marking, and t
3、estingof steam traps and drains.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only
4、 to thetest method portion of this specification. This standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associatedwith its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standardto establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applicability of regulator
5、y limitations prior touse.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ANSI Standards:3B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsB16.3 Malleable-Iron Screwed FittingsB16.4 Cast-Iron Screwed FittingsB16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsB16.11 Forged Steel Fittings Socket-Welding and ThreadedB16.15 Cast
6、Bronze Screwed FittingsB16.18 Cast Bronze Solder-Joint Pressure FittingsB16.22 Wrought Copper and Bronze Solder-Joint PressureFittingsB16.24 Bronze Flanges and Flanged FittingsB16.34 Steel Valves, Flanged and Buttweld EndsB31.1 Power Piping2.2 MSS Standards:4SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves,
7、 Fittings,Flanges, and UnionsSP-51 150 lb Corrosion Resisting Cast Flanges and FlangedFittings2.3 ASME Standards:5ANSI/ASME PTC 39.1 Condensate Removal Devices forSteam SystemsASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Divi-sion I, Pressure VesselsASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Sectio
8、n IX, W el-ding and Brazing Qualifications3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 cold condensate capacity (QC) maximum mass ofcondensate that the steam trap/drain can discharge in1hatagiven pressure and temperature, the trap/drain being fully open(lb/h (kg/h).3.1.2 dr
9、aindevice having no moving parts permitting thedischarge of fluids at a fixed or adjustable rate.3.1.3 hot condensate capacity (QH)maximum mass ofcondensate that a steam trap/drain can discharge in1hatagiven pressure and temperature (lb/h (kg/h).3.1.4 hydrostatic proof test (PTHP)test used in determ
10、in-ing maximum allowable pressure (PMA) and maximum allow-able temperature (TMA) (lb/in.2(kg mm2).3.1.5 maximum allowable pressure (PMA)maximum pres-sure that the shell of the steam trap/drain can withstandpermanently at a given temperature (lb/in.2(kg mm2).3.1.6 maximum allowable temperature (TMA)m
11、aximumtemperature to which the shell of the steam trap/drain can beraised permanently (F (C).3.1.7 maximum differential pressure (PMX)maximumdifference between operating pressure and operating backpressure (lb/in.2(kg mm2).1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsa
12、nd Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 onMachinery and Piping Systems.Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F1139 88 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/F1139-88R15.2This specification wa
13、s developed from Fluid Controls Institute Standards, 69-1Pressure Rating Standards for Steam Traps and 85-1 Standard Production Test forSteam Traps.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from Manufactu
14、rers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http:/www.mss-.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.Copyright ASTM Int
15、ernational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.8 maximum operating back pressure (PMOB)maximum permissible pressure measured at the outlet of thesteam trap/drain allowing correct functioning (lb/in.2(kg mm2).3.1.9 maximum operating pressure (PMO)p
16、ressure forwhich a steam trap/drain is rated by the manufacturer.3.1.9.1 DiscussionThis pressure is normally a function ofthe limitations related to the internal mechanism of the steamtrap/drain (lb/in.2(kg mm2).3.1.10 maximum test pressure (PTMX)maximum pressureapplied to the steam trap/drain under
17、 test including its internalmechanism (lb/in.2(kg mm2).3.1.11 minimum differential pressure (PMN)minimumdifference between operating pressure and operating backpressure (lb/in.2(kg mm2).3.1.12 operating back pressure (POB)pressure measuredat the outlet of the steam trap/drain under operating conditi
18、ons(lb/in.2(kg mm2).3.1.13 operating differential pressure (P)difference be-tween the operating pressure and the operating back pressure(lb/in.2(kg mm2).3.1.14 operating pressure (PO)pressure measured at theinlet of the steam trap/drain under operating conditions (lb/in.2(kg mm2).3.1.15 operating te
19、mperature (TO)temperature measuredat the inlet of the steam trap/drain under operating conditions(F (C).3.1.16 performance characteristics teststests carried outto determine the operational characteristics of a particulardesign of steam trap/drain.3.1.17 production teststests carried out by the manu
20、fac-turer to confirm that the steam trap/drain functions correctly.3.1.17.1 DiscussionThese tests may be witnessed by thepurchaser or his representative. In this case, these tests arereferred to as acceptance tests.3.1.18 steam trapself-contained valve that automaticallydrains the condensate from a
21、steam containing enclosure whileremaining tight to live steam, or if necessary, allowing steam toflow at a controlled or adjusted rate.3.1.18.1 DiscussionMost steam traps will also pass non-condensable gases while remaining tight to live steam.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for products under thi
22、s specification shall includethe following information as applicable:4.1.1 Performance characteristics requiredSee Section 7.4.1.2 Certification of performance characteristics if re-quired. See Section 7.4.1.3 Nominal pipe size.4.1.4 Maximum operating pressure, psig (kPa). See 3.1.5.4.1.5 Capacity,
23、lb/h (kg/h) (QC or QH). See 3.1.17 and3.1.18.4.1.6 Connection type (that is, threaded, socket weld,flanged). See 5.2.1.4.1.7 Materialsexternal and internal.4.1.8 Type of trap/drain.4.1.9 Maximum test pressure, psig (kPa). See 3.1.12.4.1.10 Maximum allowable pressure, psig (kPa). See 3.1.14.4.1.11 Pr
24、essure differential (operating, maximum, orminimum, or combination thereof).4.1.12 Notice for Acceptance TestIf the purchaser wishesto witness the production tests, this shall be specified in theorder. See 8.2.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Materials:5.1.1 The pressure ratings established under thi
25、s specifica-tion are based upon materials of high quality produced underregular control of chemical and mechanical properties by arecognized process. The manufacturer shall be prepared tocertify that his product has been so produced and that themechanical and chemical properties thereof, as proved b
26、y testspecimens and nondestructive testing or as documented bycertifications from the producer or recognized distributor ofthese materials, are at least equal to the requirements of theappropriate specifications.5.1.2 Housings of traps/drains, and other parts or bolting, orcombination thereof, used
27、for pressure retention, shall beconstructed of materials in accordance with ANSI/ASMEB31.1 or Section VIII, Division 1 of the ASME Boiler andPressure Vessel Code.5.1.3 Seals and parts, in addition to pressure containingparts and bolting used for pressure retention, shall be ofmaterials suitable for
28、the service.5.1.4 Users are cautioned against applications with fluidsthat may react chemically with any materials used in theseproducts.5.1.5 For materials not having values of allowable stresstabulated in Section VIII, Division 1, allowable stresses shallbe determined in accordance with the proced
29、ures outlined inSubsection C and Appendix P of Section VIII of the ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Where it can be shown thatthe values of allowable stress listed for a particular material inone product form (because of similar chemistry, mechanicalproperties, directional properties, heat treat
30、ment, and so forth)are applicable to the same material in an unlisted product form,the listed values of allowable stress may be used.5.2 Manufacture:5.2.1 Steam traps/drains with end fittings in compliancewith the following standards may be used within the pressure-temperature ranges permitted by th
31、e applicable standard pro-vided the trap/drain housing (less end fittings) is satisfactoryfor these conditions:5.2.1.1 ANSI B16.1,5.2.1.2 ANSI B16.3,5.2.1.3 ANSI B16.4,5.2.1.4 ANSI B16.5,5.2.1.5 ANSI B16.11,5.2.1.6 ANSI B16.15,5.2.1.7 ANSI B16.18,5.2.1.8 ANSI B16.22,5.2.1.9 ANSI B16.24,5.2.1.10 ANSI
32、 B16.34, andF1139 88 (2015)25.2.1.11 MSS SP-51.5.2.2 Weld design details, welding, and nondestructive test-ing shall be in accordance with Section VIII, Division 1, of theASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Welders and weldprocedures shall be qualified in accordance with Section IX ofthe ASME Boil
33、er and Pressure Vessel Code.6. Requirements6.1 Pressure Rating and Design:6.1.1 The maximum allowable pressure (PMA) and maxi-mum allowable temperature (TMA) rating for steam traps/drains conforming to this specification shall be established byat least one of the following methods:6.1.1.1 Proof test
34、 in accordance with the requirementsprescribed in paragraph UG-101 of Section VIII of the ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code. If burst-type tests as outlinedin UG-101(m) are used, it is not necessary to rupture thecomponent. In this case, the value of “B to be used indetermining the maximum allowab
35、le pressure shall be themaximum pressure to which the component was subjectedwithout rupture. Safety of personnel shall be given seriousconsideration when conducting hydrostatic tests. Componentsthat have been subjected to a hydrostatic proof test shall not beoffered for sale.6.1.1.2 Design calculat
36、ions in accordance with the require-ments prescribed in Section VIII, Division 1 of the ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code.6.1.1.3 Hydrostatic proof test of a representative productionsample to establish the maximum allowable pressure (PMA)and maximum allowable temperature (TMA) rating as de-scribe
37、d in 8.1.6.1.1.4 Extensive and successful performance experienceunder comparable service conditions with similarly propor-tioned components of the same or similar material may be usedas a basis for rating provided all other provisions of thisspecification are met.6.2 Production Tests:6.2.1 The manuf
38、acturer shall production test every steamtrap/drain as described in Section 8 by one of the following testmethods:6.2.1.1 HydrostaticSee 8.2.6.2.1.2 SteamSee 8.3.6.2.1.3 AirSee 8.4.6.2.2 Samples of the traps/drains shall be visually examinedand dimensionally checked to ensure that the traps/drainsco
39、rrespond to this specification and are marked in accordancewith Section 9.6.2.3 Sample steam traps/drains shall be given an opera-tional check steam test to ensure that they open to dischargecondensate and close satisfactorily in accordance with 8.5. Thistest does not apply to labyrinth (orifice) st
40、eam traps/drains.7. Performance Characteristics7.1 A manufacturer may describe the operation of a particu-lar type of steam trap or drain by referring to one or more of theperformance characteristics. When this is done, the associatedtests described in 8.6 must be performed on a representativeproduc
41、tion sample. A brief explanation of the derivation ofeach characteristic is given as follows. Further details on testmethods are specified in Section 8.7.1.1 Certification of performance characteristics shall beavailable if required by the purchaser (see 4.1.2).7.2 Minimum Operating PressureThe stea
42、m trap shall betested to determine the minimum pressure (atmospheric orabove) at which correct opening and closing will occur.7.3 Maximum Operating Pressure (PMO)The steam trapshall be tested to determine the maximum pressure at whichcorrect opening and closing will occur.7.4 Maximum Operating Back
43、Pressure (PMOB)Thesteam trap shall be tested to determine the maximum pressurepermissible at the outlet of the device that allows correctfunctioning.7.5 Air Venting CapabilityThe steam trap/drain shall betested to determine its ability to discharge air and othernoncondensable gases.7.6 Operating Tem
44、perature (TO)The steam trap/drainshall be tested to determine the temperature at which the deviceoperates and, in particular, the temperature at which it passesits specified capacity.7.7 Condensate Capacity (QH or QC)The steam trap/drain shall be flow tested to determine its condensate capacitythrou
45、ghout its operating pressure range.7.8 Live Steam LossThe steam trap shall be tested todetermine the amount of live steam lost through the trap.8. Test Methods8.1 Hydrostatic Proof TestEstablish the maximum allow-able pressure (PMA) and temperature (TMA) rating using ahydrostatic proof test of a rep
46、resentative production sample,chosen in accordance with 6.1.1.3 and perform as follows:PMA 5PTHPf!53specified minimum tensile strengthaverage tensile of test specimens of pressure retaining components3stress value at design temperaturestress value at test temperature8.1.1 Determine stress values in
47、accordance with SectionVIII, Division 1 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codeor ANSI B31.1.8.1.2 Casting quality factor (f) shall be 1.0 for wroughtmaterials and 0.8 for castings.8.1.3 Gasket leakage during test does not constitute failureunless a result of rupture of a pressure containing par
48、t.8.1.4 Do not exceed water temperature of 125F (50C)during the test.8.1.5 Retain certification of the hydrostatic proof test by themanufacturer and make available upon request.8.2 Hydrostatic Production Shell TestGive steam traps/drains a hydrostatic shell test at a pressure of 1.5 times itsmaximum
49、 allowable pressure rating at 68F (20C).8.2.1 Do not exceed water temperature of 125F (50C)during the hydrostatic test.F1139 88 (2015)38.2.2 The minimum duration of the shell test shall be asfollows:Nominal Pipe Size Duration18 through 2 (6-50 mm) 15 s212 through 8 (65-200 mm) 1 min10 and over (250 mm) 3 min8.2.2.1 Because of the complexity of product shape andsize, the duration of the hydrostatic test may vary, but in nocase shall this duration be less than that given in 8.2.2.8.2.3 No visible le
