1、Designation: F2648/F2648M 13Standard Specification for2 to 60 inch 50 to 1500 mm Annular Corrugated ProfileWall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Land DrainageApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2648/F2648M; the number immediately following the designation indicat
2、es the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers requirements and t
3、est methodsfor annular corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe andfittings with an interior liner. The inside diameters covered are2 to 60 in. 50 to 1500 mm.1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended toprovide non-pressure (gravity flow) pipe and fittings suitablefor underground use f
4、or subsurface and land drainage systems,which do not operate under surcharge pressure heads.NOTE 1Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specifica-tion are be installed in compliance with Practice D2321 or Practice F449based on diameter limitations within the respective standards.NOTE 2S
5、ubsurface and land drainage systems pertain principally tonon-municipal or private facilities for water table control, storm drainageand agricultural drainage applications. The products supplied under thisspecification are not intended for any sanitary sewer or municipal stormsewer applications.1.3
6、This specification covers pipe and fittings with aninterior liner using an annular exterior corrugated profile (Fig.1).1.4 This specification permits the use of recycled materialsfor pipe in accordance with the requirements in Section 5.1.5 UnitsThe values stated in either inch-pound units orSI unit
7、s are to be regarded separately as standard. The valuesstated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-ing values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to addr
8、ess all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice
9、for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplas-tic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow ApplicationsD2412 Test
10、 Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fit-tings Mat
11、erialsD4218 Test Method for Determination of Carbon BlackContent in Polyethylene Compounds By the Muffle-Furnace TechniqueD5630 Test Method for Ash Content in PlasticsD7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, andUse of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (With-drawn 2015)3D7399 Test
12、Method for Determination of the Amount ofPolypropylene (PP) in Polypropylene/LDPE Mixtures Us-ing Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR)F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF449 Practice for Subsurface Installation of CorrugatedPolyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or WaterTable Contr
13、olF2136 Test Method for Notched, Constant Ligament-Stress(NCLS) Test to Determine Slow-Crack-Growth Resis-tance of HDPE Resins or HDPE Corrugated Pipe1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 o
14、n LandDrainage.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published January 2013. Originallyapproved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F2648/F2648M 10.DOI: 10.1520/F2648_F2648M-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at se
15、rviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Inte
16、rnational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 American Association of Highway and TransportationOffcials4(AASHTO) AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications2.3 Federal Standards:5Fed. Stds. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.4 Military S
17、tandard:6MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.5 NCHRP (National Cooperative Highway Research Pro-gram) Report:7NCHRP Report 631 Updated Test and Design Methods forThermoplastic Drainage Pipe3. Terminology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412and abbreviations are in accorda
18、nce with Terminology D1600,unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation for polyethyleneis PE.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 buckling, vAny reverse curvature or deformation inthe pipe wall or profile element that reduces the load-carryingcapacity of the pipe. For testing ev
19、aluations in this standard,buckling is defined as the buckling deflection limit, the pointwhere the pipe no longer sustains increasing or constant loadwith increasing deflection.3.2.2 inside diameter, nThe manufacturers stated pipeinside diameter (Table 1).3.2.3 mold line, nA line formed on the prod
20、uct as a resultof the mold blocks parting during manufacturing, also referredto as a parting line.3.2.4 profile wall, nA pipe wall construction that presentsan interior liner in the waterway but includes ribs, corrugations,or other shapes, which can be either solid or hollow, that helpsbrace the pip
21、e against diametrical deformation.4Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.5Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capito
22、l St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.6Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.7Transportation Research Board, The National Academies 500 Fifth Street,
23、 NWWashington, DC 20001. http:/www.TRB.org.FIG. 1 Annular Corrugated Profile Wall Polyethylene Pipe with Interior LinerTABLE 1 Pipe Stiffness and Pipe DimensionsPipe Inside DiameterAMinimum Pipe Stiffness at 5% Deflection Minimum Inner Liner Thicknessinch mm lb/in/in kPa Inch mm2 50 50 345 0.020 0.5
24、3 75 50 345 0.020 0.54 100 50 345 0.020 0.56 150 50 345 0.020 0.58 200 50 345 0.024 0.610 250 50 345 0.024 0.612 300 50 345 0.035 0.915 375 42 290 0.040 1.018 450 40 275 0.051 1.321 525 38 260 0.060 1.524 600 34 235 0.060 1.527 675 30 205 0.060 1.530 750 28 195 0.060 1.536 900 22 150 0.067 1.742 105
25、0 20 140 0.071 1.848 1200 18 125 0.071 1.854 1350 16 110 0.079 2.060 1500 14 97 0.079 2.0AInside Diameters for metric (SI) sizes are in direct Imperial equivalent dimensionsF2648/F2648M 1324. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for product made to this specification shouldinclude the following informatio
26、n to adequately describe thedesired product:4.1.1 This ASTM designation,4.1.2 Perforations:4.1.2.1 With perforations,4.1.2.2 Without perforations,4.1.3 Diameters,4.1.4 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,4.1.5 Pipe length,4.1.6 Fitting type(s):4.1.6.1 Size and type of fittings, including ma
27、inline andbranch diameters, and4.1.6.2 Number of fittings per diameter,4.1.7 Material designation,4.1.7.1 Virgin resin, and4.1.7.2 Recycled resin.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Virgin Resin Products:5.1.1 Pipe and FittingsThe pipe and fittings shall be madeof PE virgin plastic compound meeting the
28、requirements of thefollowing cell classifications as defined and described inSpecification D3350:5.1.1.1 Pipe Diameter 2 through 10-inch: Cell Class424420C or 424420E (ESCR Test Condition B),5.1.1.2 Pipe Diameter 12 through 60-inch: Cell Class435420C or 435420E (ESCR Test Condition B).5.1.1.3 Enviro
29、nmental crack resistance shall be determinedin accordance with 7.8. When carbon black is used, the carbonblack content shall be equal to or greater than 2.0 % but notexceed 4.0 % when tested in accordance with Test MethodD4218. In all cases, the density of the PE plastic withoutpigment shall not be
30、less than 0.945gm/cc nor greater than0.955 gm/cc. Compounds that have a higher cell classificationin one or more properties shall be permitted provided all otherproduct requirements are met.5.1.2 Rotationally Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of rotationally moldedfittin
31、gs and couplings shall be made of virgin PE plasticcompound meeting the requirements of cell classification213320C or 213320E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined inSpecification D3350, except that the carbon black content shallbe equal to or greater than 2.0 % but not exceed 4 % whentested in accorda
32、nce withTest Method D4218. Compounds thathave a higher cell classification in one or more properties shallbe permitted provided all other product requirements are met.5.1.3 Injection and Blow Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of injection moldedfittings and couplings sha
33、ll be made of virgin PE plasticcompound meeting the requirements of cell classification414420C or 414420E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined inSpecification D3350, except that the carbon black content shallbe equal to or greater than 2.0 % but not exceed 4 % whentested in accordance withTest Method
34、D4218. Compounds thathave a higher cell classification in one or more properties shallbe permitted provided all other product requirements are met.5.1.4 Rework MaterialClean rework material generatedfrom the manufacturers own pipe and fittings production shallbe permitted to be used by the same manu
35、facturer provided thatthe material meets the same or higher Specification D3350 cellclassification as the material required for the intended part andpipe or fittings to be produced under this specification.5.2 Recycled Resin Products:5.2.1 Recycled Resin PipeThe pipe containing any post-consumer or
36、industrial recycled materials shall be made of PEplastic compound as defined in Guide D7209 meeting therequirements of the following cell classifications as defined anddescribed in Specification D3350:5.2.1.1 Pipe Diameter 2 through 10-inch: Cell Class424400C or 424400E,5.2.1.2 Pipe Diameter 12 thro
37、ugh 60-inch: Cell Class435400C or 435400E.5.2.1.3 When carbon black is used, the carbon black contentshall be equal to or greater than 2 % but not exceed 4 % whentested in accordance withTest Method D4218. Compounds thathave a higher cell classification in one or more properties shallbe permitted pr
38、ovided all other product requirements are met.For slow crack growth resistance, extruded pipe shall beevaluated using the notched constant ligament stress (NCLS)test according to the procedure described in 7.9. The averagefailure time of the five test specimens shall exceed 12 h with nosingle test s
39、pecimens failure time less than 9 h. Maximumlevel of polypropylene present by volume shall not be greaterthan 5 percent when tested in accordance with the proceduresin 7.10. Maximum ash content shall not be more than 2 % inaccordance with the procedures in 7.11.5.2.2 Recycled Resin FittingsFittings
40、made from recycledresins are not permitted under this standard.6. General Requirements6.1 WorkmanshipThe pipe and fittings shall be homoge-neous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practicalin color, opacity and density. The pipe walls shall be free ofcracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign
41、 inclusions, or otherdefects that are visible to the naked eye and that may affect thewall integrity. There shall be no delamination or separation ofthe inner liner and the profile. The ends shall be cut squarelyand cleanly. Holes intentionally placed in perforated pipe shallbe permitted.6.1.1 Visib
42、le defects, cracks, creases, splits, obstruction toflow in perforations, or in pipe are not permissible.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerance:6.2.1 Inside DiameterThe average measured inside diam-eter for pipe and fittings shall not vary more than (+/) 1.0 %from the inside diameter when measured in accordanc
43、e with7.4.1.NOTE 3The outside diameters and the corrugation pitch of productsmanufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibil-ity between pipe and fittings from different manufacturers or the samemanufacturer shall be verified.6.2.2 LengthThe pipe shall be supplied in any
44、lengthagreeable to both the owner and manufacturer. Length shall notbe less than 99 % of stated quantity when measured inaccordance with 7.4.2.F2648/F2648M 1336.2.3 Minimum Inner Liner ThicknessThe minimum innerliner thickness of the pipe shall meet the requirements given inTable 1 when measured in
45、accordance with 7.4.3.6.2.4 PerforationsPerforations shall be cleanly cut, placedin the valley of the corrugation rib, and uniformly spaced alongthe length and circumference of the pipe. Dimensions of theperforations and the minimum perforation inlet area shall be aslisted in Table 2. Other perforat
46、ion dimensions and configura-tions shall be permitted where required to meet the needs of thespecifier. All measurements shall be made in accordance with7.4.4. Pipe connected by bell and spigot joints shall not beperforated in the area of the bells and spigots.6.3 Pipe StiffnessMinimum pipe stiffnes
47、s at 5 % deflec-tion shall meet the requirements given in Table 2 when testedin accordance with 7.5.NOTE 4The 5 % deflection criterion, which was selected for testingconvenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. Theengineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflect
48、ion limit.6.4 Pipe FlatteningThere shall be no evidence ofsplitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separationbetween the exterior corrugation and inner liner, or combina-tions thereof, when tested in accordance with 7.6.6.5 Pipe Impact StrengthThere shall be no evidence ofsplitting, crack
49、ing, breaking, separation of seams, separation ofthe outer and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when testedin accordance with 7.7.6.6 Fittings and Joining Systems:6.6.1 Only fittings supplied or recommended by the pipemanufacturer shall be used. Fittings shall be installed inaccordance with the manufacturers recommendations.6.6.2 The joining system(s) shall be of a design thatpreserves alignment during construction and prevents
