1、 Reference numberISO/IEC 15938-1:2002(E)ISO/IEC 2002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC15938-1First edition2002-07-01Information technology Multimedia content description interface Part 1: Systems Technologies de linformation Interface de description du contenu multimdia Partie 1: Systmes Adopted by INCI
2、TS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Date of ANSI Approval: 12/3/2002Published by American National Standards Institute,25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 2002 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI).All right
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9、 the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 15938-1:2002(E) ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword.iv I
10、ntroduction.v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references2 3 Terms and definitions .3 3.1 Conventions .3 3.2 Definitions 6 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 10 4.1 Abbreviations.10 4.2 Mathematical operators 10 4.3 Mnemonics .12 5 System architecture 14 5.1 Terminal architecture 14 5.2 General characteristics of
11、 the decoder.14 5.3 Sequence of events during decoder initialisation .15 5.4 Decoder behaviour 16 5.5 Issues in encoding descriptions16 5.6 Differences between the TeM and BiM18 5.7 Characteristics of the delivery layer19 6 Textual Format - TeM.21 6.1 Overview.21 6.2 Textual DecoderInit .21 6.3 Text
12、ual Access Unit.22 6.4 Textual Fragment Update Unit .23 6.5 Textual Fragment Update Command.23 6.6 Textual Fragment Update Context .24 6.7 Textual Fragment Update Payload.25 7 Binary format - BiM27 7.1 Overview.27 7.2 Binary DecoderInit.27 7.3 Binary Access Unit30 7.4 Binary Fragment Update Unit.30
13、7.5 Binary Fragment Update Command 32 7.6 Binary Fragment Update Context 33 8 Binary Fragment Update Payload 49 8.1 Overview.49 8.2 Definitions 49 8.3 Fragment Update Payload syntax and semantics50 8.4 Element syntax and semantics 51 8.5 Element Content decoding process 60 Annex A (informative) Info
14、rmative examples .78 Annex B (informative) FUContextType definition based on W3C XPath specification81 Annex C (informative) Patent statements .83 Bibliography85 ISO/IEC 15938-1:2002(E) iv ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the
15、 International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particu
16、lar fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have establi
17、shed a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technica
18、l committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. ISO/IEC 15938-1 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of
19、audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information. ISO/IEC 15938 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Multimedia content description interface: Part 1: Systems Part 2: Description definition language Part 3: Visual Part 4: Audio Part 5: Multimedia descr
20、iption schemes Part 6: Reference software Part 7: Conformance testing Part 8: Extraction and use of MPEG-7 descriptions Annexes A to C of this part of ISO/IEC 15938 are for information only. ISO/IEC 15938-1:2002(E) ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved vIntroduction This standard, also known as “Multimed
21、ia Content Description Interface,“ provides a standardized set of technologies for describing multimedia content. The standard addresses a broad spectrum of multimedia applications and requirements by providing a metadata system for describing the features of multimedia content. The following are sp
22、ecified in this standard: Description Schemes (DS) describe entities or relationships pertaining to multimedia content. Description Schemes specify the structure and semantics of their components, which may be Description Schemes, Descriptors, or datatypes. Descriptors (D) describe features, attribu
23、tes, or groups of attributes of multimedia content. Datatypes are the basic reusable datatypes employed by Description Schemes and Descriptors. Description Definition Language (DDL) defines Description Schemes, Descriptors, and Datatypes by specifying their syntax, and allows their extension. System
24、s tools support delivery of descriptions, multiplexing of descriptions with multimedia content, synchronization, file format, and so forth. This standard is subdivided into eight parts: Part 1 Systems: specifies the tools for preparing descriptions for efficient transport and storage, compressing de
25、scriptions, and allowing synchronization between content and descriptions. Part 2 Description definition language: specifies the language for defining the standard set of description tools (DSs, Ds, and datatypes) and for defining new description tools. Part 3 Visual: specifies the description tools
26、 pertaining to visual content. Part 4 Audio: specifies the description tools pertaining to audio content. Part 5 Multimedia description schemes: specifies the generic description tools pertaining to multimedia including audio and visual content. Part 6 Reference software: provides a software impleme
27、ntation of the standard. Part 7 Conformance testing: specifies the guidelines and procedures for testing conformance of implementations of the standard. Part 8 Extraction and use of MPEG-7 descriptions: provides guidelines and examples of the extraction and use of descriptions. INTERNATIONAL STANDAR
28、D ISO/IEC 15938-1:2002(E) ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved 1Information technology Multimedia content description interface Part 1: Systems 1 Scope This International Standard defines a Multimedia Content Description Interface, specifying a series of interfaces from system to application level to al
29、low disparate systems to interchange information about multimedia content. It describes the architecture for systems, a language for extensions and specific applications, description tools in the audio and visual domains, as well as tools that are not specific to audio-visual domains. This part of I
30、SO/IEC 15938 specifies system level functionalities for the communication of multimedia content descriptions. ISO/IEC 15938-1 provides a specification which will: enable development of ISO/IEC 15938 receiving sub-systems, called ISO/IEC 15938 Terminal, or Terminal in short, to receive and assemble p
31、ossibly partitioned and compressed multimedia content descriptions provide rules for the preparation of multimedia content descriptions consisting of the tools specified in Parts 3, 4 and 5 of ISO/IEC 15938 for efficient transport and storage. The decoding process within the ISO/IEC 15938 Terminal i
32、s normative. The rules mentioned provide guidance for the preparation and encoding of multimedia content descriptions without leading to a unique encoded representation of such descriptions. This part of the MPEG-7 Standard is intended to be implemented in conjunction with other parts of the standar
33、d. In particular, MPEG-7 Part 1: Systems assumes some knowledge of Part 2: Description Definition Language (DDL) in its normative syntactic definitions of Descriptors and Description Schemes, as well as in the processing of schema and descriptions. The methods for obtaining the descriptions to which
34、 the encoding techniques in this part refer are defined in Parts 3, 4, and 5 of ISO/IEC 15938. MPEG-7 is an extensible standard. The standard method of extending the standard beyond the Description Schemes provided in the standard is to define new ones in the DDL, and to make those DSs as accessible
35、 as the instantiated descriptions. Further details are available in Part 2. ISO/IEC 15938-1:2002(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO/IEC 1593
36、8. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO/IEC 15938 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below
37、. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations. ISO/IEC 10646-1:20
38、00, Information technology Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane NOTE The UTF-8 encoding scheme is described in Annex D of ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000. XML, Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0, 6 October 2000 XML Schema, W3C Recommendation, 2
39、May 2001 XML Schema Part 0: Primer, W3C Recommendation, 2 May 2001 XML Schema Part 1: Structures, W3C Recommendation, 2 May 2001 XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, W3C Recommendation, 2 May 2001 XPath, XML Path Language, W3C Recommendation, 16 November 1999 Namespaces in XML, W3C Recommendation, 14 Janua
40、ry 1999 NOTE These documents are maintained by the W3C (http:/www.w3.org). RFC 2396, Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax. IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic, Std 754-1985 Reaffirmed1990, http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/std_public/description/busarch/754-1985_desc
41、.html ISO/IEC 15938-1:2002(E) ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved 33 Terms and definitions 3.1 Conventions 3.1.1 Naming convention In order to specify data types, Descriptors and Description Schemes, this part of ISO/IEC 15938 uses constructs specified in ISO/IEC 15938-2, such as “element“, “attribute“
42、, “simpleType“ and “complexType“. The names associated with these constructs are created on the basis of the following conventions: If the name is composed of various words, the first letter of each word is capitalized. The rule for the capitalization of the first word depends on the type of constru
43、ct and is described below. Element naming: the first letter of the first word is capitalized (e.g. TimePoint element of TimeType). Attribute naming: the first letter of the first word is not capitalized (e.g. timeUnit attribute of IncrDurationType). complexType naming: the first letter of the first
44、word is capitalized, the suffix “Type“ is used at the end of the name. simpleType naming: the first letter of the first word is not capitalized, the suffix “Type“ may be used at the end of the name. 3.1.2 Documentation convention 3.1.2.1 Textual syntax The syntax of each XML schema item is specified
45、 using the constructs specified in ISO/IEC 15938-2. It is depicted in this document using a specific font and background, as shown in the example below: Non-normative XML examples are included in separate subclauses. They are depicted in this document using a separate font and background than the no
46、rmative syntax specifications, as shown in the example below: example element content 3.1.2.2 Binary syntax 3.1.2.2.1 Overview The binary description stream retrieved by the decoder is specified in Clause 7 and Clause 8. Each data item in the binary description stream is printed in bold type. It is
47、described by its name, its length in bits, and by a mnemonic for its type and order of transmission. The construct “N+” in the length field indicates that the length of the element is an integer multiple of N. ISO/IEC 15938-1:2002(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved The action caused by a decoded
48、data element in a bitstream depends on the value of the data element and on data elements that have been previously decoded. The following constructs are used to express the conditions when data elements are present: while ( condition ) If the condition is true, then the group of data elements data_
49、element occurs next in the data stream. This repeats until the . . . condition is not true. do data_element The data element always occurs at least once. . . . while ( condition ) The data element is repeated until the condition is not true. if ( condition ) If the condition is true, then the first group of data data_element elements occurs next in the data stream. . . . else If the condition is not true, then the second group of data data_elem
