1、 INCITS/ISO/IEC TR 10091:1995 (2016) (ISO/IEC TR 10091:1995, IDT) Information technology - Technical aspects of 130 mm optical disk cartridge write-once recording format INCITS/ISO/IEC TR 10091:1995 (2016) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensi
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5、ational Standard. Date of Registration: 2/26/2016 Published by American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036 Copyright 2016 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). All rights reserved. These materials are subject to copyright claims of International S
6、tandardization Organization (ISO), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). Not for resale. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, wi
7、thout the prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1101 K Street NW, Suite 610, Washington DC 20005. Printed in the United States of America ii ITIC 2016 All rights reserved TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/IEC TR 10091 First edition 1995-02-01 Inform
8、ation technology - Technical aspects of 130 mm optical disk cartridge write-once recording format Technologies de /information - Aspects techniques relatifs au format denregistrement pour /es cartouches de disque optique de diam - type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or wher
9、e for any other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard; - type 3, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example). Tec
10、hnical Reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publication, to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. Technical Reports of type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are considered to be no longer valid or usef
11、ul. ISO/IEC TR 10091, which is a Technical Report of type 3, was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISOAEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 23, Optical disk cartridges for information interchange. iv TECHNICAL REPORT 0 ISO/IEC ISO/IEC TR 10091:1995(E) Information technology - Techni
12、cal aspects of 130 mm optical disk cartridge write-once recording format Section 1 - General 1 Scope This Technical Report is a complement to ISO/IEC 9171-2 for the Type A and B formats. This Technical Report covers the figures that characterize each format, the relationship between these figures, a
13、nd the technological background used to reach decisions concerning the formats: in addition it gives some examples of implementation. 2 References ISO/IEC 9171-1:1990, Information technology -130mm optical disk cartridge, write once, for information interchange - Part 1: Unrecorded optical disk cart
14、ridge ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990, tnformation technology -130mm optical disk cartridge, write once, for information interchange - Part 2 : Recording format 3 Recording area and control track The recording area and control tracks are divided as given in table 1. The dimensions are for reference only, they a
15、re nominal positions (see ISO/IEC 9171-2 clause 4). Table 1 - Formatted Zone -Reflective Zone 27,00 mm to 29,00 mm -Control Track PEP Zone 29,00 mm to 29,50 mm -Transition Zone for SFP 29,50 mm to 29,52 mm -Inner Control Track SFP Zone 29,52 mm to 29,70 mm -Inner Manufacturer Zone 29,70 mm to 30,OO
16、mm -Guard Band 29,70 mm to 29,80 mm -Manufacturer Test Zone 29,80 mm to 29,90 mm -Guard Band 29,90 mm to 30,OO mm -User Zone 30,OO mm to 60,OO mm -Outer Manufacture Zone 60,OO mm to 60,15 mm -Outer Control Track SFP Zone 60,15 mm to 60,50 mm (maximum) -Lead-Out Zone 60,50 mm to 61 ,OO mm The inner r
17、adius of the Formatted Zone shall be at least 27,0 mm to avoid interference with the Clamping Zone. The format of the Reflective Zone is not specified but it shall have the same reflective recording layer as the rest of the Recording Zone. Servo information (grooves or pits) is not required in the R
18、eflective Zone. 1 ISO/IEC TR 10091: 1995(E) 0 ISOLEC The width of the PEP Zone is determined by the requirements for the accuracy of the drive head positioning system. The width of 0.5 mm for the PEP Zone is sufficient,for stable operation of the drive actuator mechanism. Since grooves are not requi
19、red in the PEP Zone, the track pitch may be changed to make it easier to read out the PEP without using a tracking servo. A Transition Zone for SFP is provided to enable the optical head to move from the PEP Zone to the SFP Zone, which requires a period for changing the translation mode of the optic
20、al head at the transition point from the PEP Zone to the SFP Zone in the mastering process. The Transition Zone for the SFP Zone can be an unrecorded area. Considering the accuracy of control of the media mastering equipment, the starting position of the outer SFP is to be determined relative to the
21、 starting position of the inner control track and the tolerance built-up over the mastered area. Within the Manufacturer Test Zone, it is recommended to have the same header format as that of the User Zone. There shall be no pre-recorded information on tracks between 6050 mm and 61 ,oO mm. 4 Physica
22、l control track format There are two recording methods for the control track information to be placed into three different areas (PEP Zone, Inner and Outer SFP Zones). The first method shall be used for the PEP (Phase Encoded Part) and the second method for the SFP (Standard Format Part). The PEP is
23、 recorded at the innermost radius and is recorded independently of the format (A or B) chosen for the rest of the disk. This common PEP recording method allows a drive that is set up for either format A or format B to read the PEP information. The PEP is intended to be read without requiring that se
24、rvo tracking be established by the drive. The SFP Zones must be recorded in the same format as the rest of the disk, (either format A or format B). It contains additional information plus a duplication of the information in the PEP, so there is no requirement that the PEP be read by every drive. 4.1
25、 General aspects The control track areas provide information about the media that may be used to optimize the read and write characteristics of the drive. The innermost recorded zone, PEP, is recorded using low frequency phase encoded modulation, which can be read independently of the characteristic
26、s of the servo method of the drive. To facilitate drive compatibility with various media types, there is a hierarchy of information supplied, beginning with the cartridge. The cartridge identifier sensor holes supply information to read the PEP. The PEP supplies enough information to read the SFP, a
27、nd the SFP supplies information to optimize write and read operations on user data. A drive can then be adjusted by using each source of information in turn leading to the ability to read and/or write user data with optimal efficiency. The number of sectors per track in the SFP area equals the numbe
28、r of sectors per track at track No. 0. The outer SFP area begins at track No. N+96 where N is the track number of the last track of the User Zone, and continues until radius 605 mm. 4.2 Phase Encoded Part (PEP) The maximum power applied to the media to read the PEP Zone of the Control Track shall no
29、t exceed 0,50 mW. The low density of the PEP allows a high tolerance for media defects and permits decoding the information with a microprocessor instead of a dedicated circuit. The loss of cross-track signal is limited in the PEP area in order to allow off- track reading. Three methods to reduce th
30、e loss of cross-track signal are given in figure 1. Taking into consideration the various methods, the loss of cross-track signal is defined as the maximum amplitude of the read signal from channel one from three successive marks on the media, divided by the minimum amplitude of the read signal from
31、 one revolution of the media (ignoring any effects from defective areas on the media). This cross track ratio shall not exceed 2,O.: o ISO/IEC ISO/IEC TR 10091:1995(E) A t radial track c 0 0 0 0 0 0 legend: A : small track pit pattern B : wide pit pattern C : wobble pit pattern Figure 1 - Example of
32、 pit recording in PEP The recording sequence throughout the International Standard shah be MSB (most significant bit) first and from byte 0 to byte n. The PEP Control Track information in bytes 0 to 9 and byte 18 is mandatory for optical disks in order to conform to the International Standard. The b
33、it assignment of the PEP is summarized in table 2. In order to show correct bit assignment, the following example is given: In 4/15 modulation bit 2 in byte 0 must be a ONE. The definition of the lowest value for the amplitude of Pre-formatted data in byte 4 is as follows; The lowest value in the ty
34、pe A format will be obtained by the recorded data pattern (33). The lowest value in the type B format is obtained by the pattern (CO). All signal levels should be measured at the Inner SFP Zone. 3 ISOAEC TR 10091:1995(E) 0 ISO/IEC Table 2 - PEP summary PEP Sector Data field summary Byte Bit 7 6 5 4
35、3 2 1 0 Amplitude and polarity of pre-formatted data o ISO/IEC ISO/IEC TR 10091:1995(E) 4.3 Standard Formatted Part (SFP) The type of mark used for the SFP is.a phase pit, and the recording format is identical with that of the Users Data area. Only the first 5 12 bytes in a sector are used for recor
36、ding the SFP data. If a 1024 byte sector is used, the remaining 512 bytes are recorded as (FF). All unused bytes in the SFP shall be recorded as (FF). ISOLIEC TR 10091:1995(E) Section 2 : Type A format 0 ISO/IEC 5 ccs The continuous servo tracking format, also called the Continuous Composite Servo,
37、(CCS) tracking format, is explained in this section. The Type A format is based on a CCS tracking method (see ISOAEC 9171-2 clause 5). 6 Track Format In the push-pull tracking and signal detection scheme, d.c. and low frequency component offsets caused by disk skew and non- concentric tracking must
38、be compensated for, including worst case end-of-life conditions. To resolve these problems, a low frequency tracking offset correction scheme may be used. This correction scheme is not always necessary, but it is required in case of large amounts of tilt, as may happen at the end-of-life of media. 7
39、 Sector Format The Sector Format consists of the following fields: (1) Sector Mark (2) VFO 1, VF02, VF03 (3) Address Mark (4) ID field (5) Postamble (6) Offset detection flag (7) Gap (8) Flag (9) ALPC area (10) Sync (11) Data field (12) Resync (13) Buffer A sector for 1 024 user bytes consists of 52
40、 bytes for the preformatted header area, 14 bytes for flag, gap, ALPC and ODF field, 1274 bytes for the data and other fields and 20 bytes for the buffer. The Resync field is not a discrete field, but instead, a series of special byte patterns inserted into the Data Field to protect the data from lo
41、ss due to defects and subsequent loss of byte framing by the read channel. Each ID field has a Variable Frequency Ocilator (VFO) pattern, an Address Mark (AM) pattern and Identifier (ID) information. The sector layout is shown in table 3. By applying three redundant ID fields, reliable ID detection
42、can be achieved when defects are present. Experimental data used to validate the use of three ID fields is included in the annexes (especially see annex A). 0 ISO/IEC ISO/IEC TR 10091:1995(E) Table 3 - Sector field functions m c9 m v) m c9 % a % (3 Ul,LU 9 c9 m cu F m 00 7 ISO/IEC TR 10091:1995(E) 0
43、 ISO/IEC A B 4 5 4 5 A SYNC ID0 SYNC AM AM ID1 ,” 1,: 1 5 A M M ID2 random very strong strong Robustness for timing detection burst efficiency weaker good strong better Address robustness weak strong TOTAL good very good NOTE A: 2 ID fields of 4 byte of Sync/AM B: 3 ID fields of 1 byte of AM Figure
44、2 - Comparison of robustness between two different header formats 8 o ISO/IEC ISO/IEC TR 10091: 1995(E) 7.1 Sector Mark Functions The purpose of the Sector Mark (SM) is to reliably provide a timing window to begin synchronization of the read channel. It is distinguished from address data or user dat
45、a by its unique channel bit pattern and can be detected without recourse to a PLL. Characteristics of the Pattern The pattern does not exist in data and can be detected by a simple timing comparison. The detection of the redundant 3 and 5 channel bit time long pits is reasonably robust to the effect
46、s of short burst defects. Example of a Detecting Circuit Figure 3 shows an example of an SM detecting circuit, and figure 4 shows its action. The signal from the media passes an amplifier and is converted to a pulse width signal by a binarization circuit. A serial-to-parallel conversion circuit alon
47、g with a time comparison outputs each pulse value at a fixed level. These parallel output signals are compared by majority logic. As can be seen in figure 4, at most one signal pattern at a time is detected as ONE at time 0. Therefore, identifying the patterns to equal an SM requires more than two O
48、NES. An SM can be detected even if two output signals are missed. Since the minimum detection criteria is 3 out of 5 pulses, it is highly unlikely that a combination of defects would occur to give a false detection, and it is also unlikely a defect would destroy 3 out of the 5 patterns to cause a mi
49、ssed detection. Signal from - Disk Amplifier Binarization Circuit Parallelization Circuit - Result of SM Detection Majority Logic Circuit Figure 3 - SM detecting circuit 9 ISO/IEC TR 10091:1995(E) 0 ISO/IEC 5T 3T 3T 7T 3T 3T 3T 3T 5T SM Time Sequence I Output of Parallelization circuit , l-l l-l Result of SM Detection t=o Figure 4 - SM detecting action 7.2 VFO Areas Functions VFO fields are not equal in length or pattern (figure 5) for several reasons. VFOI has the functions to both stabilize the
