1、ANSI INCITS TR-10-1990(formerly ANSI X3/TR-10-1990) Information Processing SystemsTechnical ReportPart Programming Tutorial for AmericanNational Standard APT Language AsDefined by ANSI X3.37-1987Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo
2、reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHSAmericanNationalStandardApproval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus is established whe
3、n, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of StandardsReview, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materiallyaffected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simplemajority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views andobjections be considered, and
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5、edures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will inno circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard.Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation ofan American National Sta
6、ndard in the name of the American National StandardsInstitute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat orsponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of
7、 the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdrawthis standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive currentinformation on all standards by calling or writing the American National StandardsInstitute.X3s Technical Re
8、port SeriesThis Technical Report is one in a series produced by American National Standards Committee, X3, InformationProcessing Systems. The Secretariat for X3 is held by the Information Technology Industry Council (ITI), 1250Eye Street, NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20005.As a by-product of the st
9、andards development process and the resources of knowledge devoted to it, X3 fromtime to time produces Technical Reports. Such Technical Reports are not standards, nor are they intended tobe used as such.X3 Technical Reports are produced in some cases to disseminate the technical and logical concept
10、s reflectedin standards already published or under development. In other cases, they derive from studies in areas where itis found premature to develop a standard due to a still-changing technology, or inappropriate to develop arigorous standard due to the existence of a number of viable options, th
11、e choice of which depends on the usersparticular requirements. These Technical Reports, thus, provide guidelines, the use of which can result ingreater consistency and coherence of information processing systems.When the draft Technical Report is completed, the Technical Committee approval process i
12、s the same as for adraft standard. Processing by X3 is also similar to that for a draft standard.Published byAmerican National Standards Institute11 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 1990 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI)All rights reserved.No part of this publicatio
13、n may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW,Washington, DC 20005.Printed in the United States of AmericaCopyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for Resal
14、e-,-,-X3s TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES This Technical Report is one in a series produced by the American National Standards Committee, X3, Information Processing Systems. The Secretariat for X3 is held by the Computer Business Equipment Manufacturers Association (CBEMA), 311 First St. NW, Suite 500, Wash
15、ington, DC 20001-2178. As a by-product of the standards development process and the resources of knowledge devoted to it, X3 from time to time produces Technical Reports. Such Technical Reports are not standards, nor are they intended to be used as such. X3 Technical Reports are produced in some cas
16、es to disseminate the technical and logical concepts reflected in standards already published or under development. In other cases, they derive from studies in areas where it is found premature to develop a standard due to a still changing technology, or inappropriate to develop a rigorous standard
17、due to the existance of a number of viable options, the choice of which depends on the users particular requirements. These Technical Reports, thus, provide guidelines, the use of which can result in greater consistency and coherence of information processing systems. When the draft Technical Report
18、 is completed, the Technical Committee approval process is the same as for a draft standard. Processing by X3 is also similar to that for a draft standard. Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted wi
19、thout license from IHS-. _- _-c ._-. _L I._ -L ABSTRACT The American National Standard APT Language has been developed and published in ANSI X3.37-l 987 as a metalanguage in a modified Backus-Naur form. This form is very rigorous and exacting syntactically and, therefore, can sometimes be difficult
20、to use to construct specific APT statements. To assist in the use of the standard without destroying its rigorousness, a tutorial has been created. It consists of explanations of selected capabilities of the language using prose, examples, and diagrams. Copyright American National Standards Institut
21、e Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHSTABLE OF CONTE.NTS INTRODUCTION Overview . Notation Conventions . VocabularyWords . RequiredSyntax Optional Syntax. Entity Specifications . l-l l-1 l-1 l-2 1-2 l-2 THE METALANGUAGE
22、 OF X3.37 Overview Syntax Semantics . RuleNames . Explanatory information . Options Default Conditions Substitute For Syntax . SpecialFeatures Recursion CrossReference . SystemFlags LanguageExtensions . Implementation Status Revision Status Working Status . 2-l . 2-l . 2-2 . 2-2 . 2-2 . 2-3 . 2-3 .
23、2-4 . 2-4 . 2-4 . 2-4 . 2-5 . 2-5 . 2-6 . 2-6 . 2-7 DIAGNOSTICS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-l Discussion. 3 -1 GEOMETRY AND MOTION Overview 4-l TabulatedCylinder 4- 1 RuledSurface 4- 2
24、ExplicitPositioning 4- 3 Initial Continuous Motion . 4 - 4 ControlSurfaces4- 5 Cutters4- 6 Terminal Tool-surface Orientation 4 - 7 Motion Direction 4 - 7 Tool-surface Orientation 4 - 8 Tolerance . 4- 9 LANGUAGE EXTENSIONS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identif
25、ier Type Declaration (DECLAR Subset) . . Structured Programming (STRUCT Subset) . . . Logical Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logical Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logical Conditional Transfer Block . . . Logical Conditional Transfer Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-l . . . . . . 5-l . . . . . . 5-3 . . . . . . 5-3 . . . . . . 5-3 . . . . . . 5-5 . . . . . . 5-6 . . . III Copyright A
27、merican National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for Resale-,-,-LoopingBlock . 5- 7 WHILE Conditional Transfer Block 5 - 7 CASE Block 5 -8 Numerical Tolerance 5 - 8 Block Exit Statement 5 - 9 Multiple Check Surface Motion Statement (CHKNUM Subset) 5 - 10 Postprocessor
28、 Word (PPWORD Subset) . 5 - 10 Units Statement (UNITS Subset) 5 - 11 Optional Multiple Axis Parameters (MULTAX Subset) . 5 - 11 Angle Definition Functions (ANGL Subset) 5 - 12 DEFERRED PROCESSING Overview 6-l lnputLanguage.6- 1 OutputLanguage . 6- 1 Computation Statements . 6 - 2 Assignment . 6- 2 U
29、naryOperation . 6- 3 Binaryoperation . 6- 3 FunctionReference.6- 4 Complex Computing 6 - 4 Subscripted Identifiers 6 - 5 Geometric Definition Statement 6 - 6 Single Statement Logical If. . 6 - 6 Structured Statement Blocks 6 - 7 Macro 6- 9 LATHE LANGUAGE Overview 7- 1 ShapeStatement . 7-l Shape Stat
30、ement Syntax 7 - 2 Shape Statement Parameter Definitions 7 - 2 Lathe Statements . 7 - 5 LATHE/ROUGH7- 5 LATHE/FINISH.7- 9 LATHE/THREAD 7-12 Thread Statement 7 - 21 Thread Statement Syntax . 7 - 21 Thread Statement Parameter Definitions . 7 - 21 Turret Statement . 7 - 22 Turret Statement Syntax 7 - 2
31、2 Turret Statement Parameter Definitions 7 - 22 ToolStatement 7-2 4 Sample Lathe Program 7 - 24 LonghandMethod.7-2 5 ShorthandMethod 7-2 6 CYCLIC MACHINING LANGUAGE Overview 8- 1 CyclicLanguageSyntax 8-l Cyclic Language Parameter Definitions. . 8 - 2 BasicCycleTypes8- 2 DrillCycles8- 4 BoreCycles.8-
32、 5 TapCycles8- 5 iV Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS, General Modifiers 8 - 5 Examples8- 8 FormatOfExamples8- 8 Drill8- 9 DrillWithBreakchip8-1 0 DrillWithDeep8-1 1 B
33、ore 8-12 Bore With Nodrag . 8 - 13 Tap.8-1 4 Countersink 8-15 Mill . 8-16 Manual8-1 7 Multiple Level Points . 8 - 18 Multiple Feedrates . 8 - 19 WebDrill 8-2 0 DrillWithBack8-2 1 Multiple Cycles . 8 - 22 Avoid . 8-2 3 DeltaZ 8-2 4 SetAndDwell 8-25 PATTERN LANGUAGE Overview 9-l PatternLanguageSyntax.
34、g- 1 Introduction . 9-l GeneralLanguageForms9- 1 Pattern Element Forms 9 - 2 Detailed Description Of Pattern Elements . 9 - 3 Pattern Manipulators . 9 - 13 Pattern Modifiers 9 - 15 TOOL AXIS CONTROL LANGUAGE Overview . lo- 1 lntroduction.lO- 2 LanguageElements lo- 2 Multax lO- 2 Tool Axis Specified
35、By A Vector 10 - 2 ToolAxisNormalToASurface 10-3 ToolAxisParallelToASurface . 10-3 Tool Axis With Computed Orientation . 10 - 4 Tool Axis Through Point 10 - 4 ToolAxisTangentToASurface 10-4 ToolAxisAtAnAngleToASurface . 10-5 Tool Axis At Angle To Surface With Fixed Lead/lag Angle . 10 - 6 Tool Axis
36、With A Linearly Distributed Lead/lag Angle . 10 - 6 ToolAxisInAPlane . 10-7 ROTATING TOOL LANGUAGE Overview Rotate Tool Dimensional Elements . Examples Drill Countersink . Center Drill Tap . 11-l . 11-2 . 11-3 . 11-3 . 11-3 . 11-4 . . . 11-4 V Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided
37、 by IHS under license with ANSI Not for Resale-,-,-BoringBar ll- 5 Reamer . ll- 5 Counterbore . ll- 6 EndMiil . ll- 6 ShellMill.ll- 7 Back Countersink . 11 - 7 Back Counterbore . 11 - 8 SpadeDrill.ll- 8 POSTPROCESSOR SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS Overview . 12- 1 Postprocessor Commands By Category 12 - 1 Pos
38、tprocessor Commands In Alphabetical Order 12 - 3 AIR . 12- 3 BREAKl2- 3 CLAMPl2- 3 CLRSRF.l2- 5 COOLNT 12- 7 CUTCOM 12- 8 CYCLE 12- 9 DELAY 12- 9 DISPLY . 12- 9 DRAFT 12- 9 END . 12-10 FEDRATl2-1 1 GOHOME 12-11 INSERT 12-11 LEADERl2-1 1 LETTER 12-12 LINTOL 12-12 LOAD 12-13 MACHlNl2-1 6 MCHTOL . 12-1
39、7 OPSKIP 12-17 OPSTOP . 12-17 ORIGIN 12 - 17 PARTNO . 12-17 PIVOT2 12-18 PPRINT 12-18 RAPID . 12-18 RETRCTl2-1 8 REWINDl2-1 9 ROTATEl2-1 9 SELECT 12-19 SEQNO 12 -20 SET . 12-21 SPINDL 12-2 1 STOP 12-2 3 THREADl2-2 3 TMARK.l2-2 4 TRANS . 12-2 4 TURRETl2-2 4 UNITS . 12-2 5 UNLOAD . 12-2 6 Postprocesso
40、r Vocabulary Cross Reference . 12 - 26 vi Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHSREAL TIME PROCESSING Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motion And Orienta
41、tion . . . . . . . . . . Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input/output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Send Command . . . . . . The Receive Command . . . Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Work Point Command . The Multiple Axis Command . . . . .
42、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1 . . . . . . . 13-1 . . . . . . . 13-1 . . . . . . . 13-2 . . . . . . . 13-2 . . . . . . . 13-3 . . . . . . . 13-3 . . . . . . .
43、13-3 . . . . . . . 13-3 vii Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for Resale-,-,-. _ INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW The purpose of this technical report is to serve as a tutorial for American National Standard APT (ANSI X3.37-1987). Since ANSI X3.37-1987
44、is designed to be a rigorous definition of the APT language, subcommittee X3J7 created this technical report to illustrate the standard in a more conventional form for both implementors and users. The rigorous metalinguistic style of presenting APT syntax and semantics of the standard has been edite
45、d into the style commonly found in published documents of existing systems. In addition, the elements common to a function or area of language, frequently identified as a modular feature, have been collected into appropriate chapters. Although the tutorial is consistent with the standard, it is not
46、intended to be as rigorous or complete as the standard. Therefore, it is important to remember that an APT processor is not necessarily in conformance with the standard simply by performing as implied in this tutorial. Chapter 2, The Metalanguage, expands on the description of the metalanguage provi
47、ded in the standard and is beneficial reading for any serious users, implementors, and developers of ANSI X3.37-1987. Although the basic metalanguage technique has remained constant since the original standard and is expected to be retained in the future, it is anticipated that there will be continu
48、ed improvement in the presentation of the language used to define APT. When future revisions to ANSI X3.37-1987 are undergoing approval review, any reviewer is encouraged to read this tutorial chapter for the current standard in order to understand better the proposed revision for the standard. Subc
49、ommittee X3J7 suggests that any person who formally asks for an interpretation of ANSI X3.37-l 987 read this chapter of the tutorial. The chapters on language are tutorials to aid in understanding the language in ANSI X3.37-1987, not to tutor the part programmer in learning how to use the language. The examples demonstrate practical use of the language. Any extent to which the tutorials ai
