1、 ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 113Substation Structure Design GuidePrepared by the Subcommittee on the Design of Substation Structures of the Committee on Electrical Transmission Structures of the Structural Engineering Institute of the American Society of Civil EngineersEdite
2、d by Leon Kempner, Jr.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataSubstation structure design guide : ASCE manuals and reports on engineering practice no. 113 / Prepared by the Subcommittee on the Design of Substation Structures of the Structural Division of the American Society of Civil Engin
3、eers ; edited by Leon Kempner.p. cm.Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN-13: 978-0-7844-0935-0 (alk. paper)ISBN-10: 0-7844-0935-8 (alk. paper)1. Structural designHandbooks, manuals, etc. I. Kempner, Leon. II.American Society of Civil Engineers. Subcommittee on the Design ofSubstation S
4、tructures . TA658.3.S83 2007621.3126dc222007016342Published by American Society of Civil Engineers1801 Alexander Bell DriveReston, Virginia 20191www.pubs.asce.orgAny statements expressed in these materials are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of ASCE, which
5、takes no responsibility for any statement made herein. No reference made in this publication to any specifi c method, product, process, or service constitutes or implies an endorsement, recommendation, or warranty thereof by ASCE. The materials are for general information only and do not represent a
6、 standard of ASCE, nor are they intended as a reference in purchase specifi cations, contracts, regulations, statutes, or any other legal document.ASCE makes no representation or warranty of any kind, whether express or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any i
7、nformation, apparatus, product, or process discussed in this publication, and assumes no liability therefor. This information should not be used without fi rst securing competent advice with respect to its suitability for any general or specifi c application. Anyone utilizing this information assume
8、s all liability arising from such use, including but not limited to infringement of any patent or patents.ASCE and American Society of Civil EngineersRegistered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Offi ce.Photocopies and reprints. You can obtain instant permission to photocopy ASCE publica-tions by using A
9、SCEs online permission service (www.pubs.asce.org/authors/RightslinkWelcomePage.htm). Requests for 100 copies or more should be submitted to the Reprints Department, Publications Division, ASCE (address above); email: permissionsasce.org. A reprint order form can be found at www.pubs.asce.org/author
10、s/reprints.html.Copyright 2007 by the American Society of Civil Engineers.All Rights Reserved.ISBN 13: 978-0-7844-0935-0ISBN 10: 0-7844-0935-8Manufactured in the United States of America.15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 1 2 3 4 5MANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE(As developed by the ASCE Technica
11、l Procedures Committee, July 1930, and revised March 1935, February 1962, and April 1982)A manual or report in this series consists of an orderly presentation of facts on a particular subject, supplemented by an analysis of limitations and applications of these facts. It contains information useful
12、to the average engineer in his or her everyday work, rather than fi ndings that may be useful only occasionally or rarely. It is not in any sense a “standard,” however; nor is it so elementary or so conclusive as to provide a “rule of thumb” for nonengineers.Furthermore, material in this series, in
13、distinction from a paper (which expresses only one persons observations or opinions), is the work of a committee or group selected to assemble and express information on a specifi c topic. As often as practicable, the committee is under the direction of one or more of the Technical Divisions and Cou
14、ncils, and the product evolved has been subjected to review by the Executive Committee of the Division or Council. As a step in the process of this review, proposed manuscripts are often brought before the members of the Technical Divisions and Councils for comment, which may serve as the basis for
15、improvement. When published, each work shows the names of the committees by which it was compiled and indicates clearly the several processes through which it has passed in review, in order that its merit may be defi nitely understood.In February 1962 (and revised in April 1982) the Board of Directi
16、on voted to establish a series entitled “Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice,” to include the Manuals published and authorized to date, future Manuals of Professional Practice, and Reports on Engineering Practice. All such Manual or Report material of the Society would have been refereed in
17、a manner approved by the Board Committee on Publications and would be bound, with applicable discussion, in books similar to past Manuals. Numbering would be consecutive and would be a continuation of present Manual numbers. In some cases of reports of joint committees, bypassing of Journal publicat
18、ions may be authorized.iiiMANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICENo Title13 Filtering Materials for Sewage Treatment Plants14 Accommodation of Utility Plant Within the Rights-of-Way of Urban Streets and Highways35 A List of Translations of Foreign Literature on Hydraulics40 Ground Water Manageme
19、nt41 Plastic Design in Steel: A Guide and Commentary45 Consulting Engineering: A Guide for the Engagement of Engineering Services46 Pipeline Route Selection for Rural and Cross-Country Pipelines47 Selected Abstracts on Structural Applications of Plastics49 Urban Planning Guide50 Planning and Design
20、Guidelines for Small Craft Harbors51 Survey of Current Structural Research52 Guide for the Design of Steel Transmission Towers53 Criteria for Maintenance of Multilane Highways54 Sedimentation Engineering55 Guide to Employment Conditions for Civil Engineers57 Management, Operation and Maintenance of
21、Irrigation and Drainage Systems59 Computer Pricing Practices60 Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design and Construction, Second Edition62 Existing Sewer Evaluation and Rehabilitation63 Structural Plastics Design Manual64 Manual on Engineering Surveying65 Construction Cost Control66 Structural Plastics Selecti
22、on Manual67 Wind Tunnel Studies of Buildings and Structures68 Aeration: A Wastewater Treatment Process69 Sulfi de in Wastewater Collection and Treatment Systems70 Evapotranspiration and Irrigation Water Requirements71 Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management72 Design of Steel Transmission Pol
23、e Structures73 Quality in the Constructed Project: A Guide for Owners, Designers, and Constructors74 Guidelines for Electrical Transmission Line Structural Loading76 Design of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants77 Design and Construction of Urban Stormwater Management SystemsNo Title78 Structural
24、Fire Protection79 Steel Penstocks80 Ship Channel Design81 Guidelines for Cloud Seeding to Augment Precipitation82 Odor Control in Wastewater Treatment Plants83 Environmental Site Investigation84 Mechanical Connections in Wood Structures85 Quality of Ground Water86 Operation and Maintenance of Ground
25、 Water Facilities87 Urban Runoff Quality Manual88 Management of Water Treatment Plant Residuals89 Pipeline Crossings90 Guide to Structural Optimization91 Design of Guyed Electrical Transmission Structures92 Manhole Inspection and Rehabilitation93 Crane Safety on Construction Sites94 Inland Navigatio
26、n: Locks, Dams, and Channels95 Urban Subsurface Drainage96 Guide to Improved Earthquake Performance of Electric Power Systems97 Hydraulic Modeling: Concepts and Practice98 Conveyance of Residuals from Water and Wastewater Treatment99 Environmental Site Characterization and Remediation Design Guidanc
27、e100 Groundwater Contamination by Organic Pollutants: Analysis and Remediation101 Underwater Investigations102 Design Guide for FRP Composite Connections103 Guide to Hiring and Retaining Great Civil Engineers104 Recommended Practice for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Products for Overhead Utility Line Str
28、uctures105 Animal Waste Containment in Lagoons106 Horizontal Auger Boring Projects107 Ship Channel Design and Operation108 Pipeline Design for Installation by Horizontal Directional Drilling109 Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) Operation in Wastewater Treatment Plants110 Sedimentation Engineering: P
29、rocesses, Measurements, Modeling, and Practice111 Reliability-Based Design of Utility Pole Structures112 Pipe Bursting Projects113 Substation Structure Design GuideCONTENTSvPREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixACKNOWLEDGMENTS
30、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURE TYPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1 Purpose .
31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 Defi nitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 Electrical Equipment and Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 LOADIN
32、G CRITERIA FOR SUBSTATION STRUCTURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253.1 Basic Loading Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253.2 Application of Loads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . 553.3 Load Factors and Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563.4 Alternate Design Loads and Load Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583.5 Serviceability Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583.6 Examples of
34、 Application of Load Cases and Load Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594 DEFLECTION CRITERIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714.1 Structure Classifi cations and Defl ection Limitations. . . . . .
35、 . . . . 714.2 Special Considerations for Defl ection Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 754.3 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77vi CONTENTS5 METHOD OF ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795.1
36、 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795.2 Stress Criterion vs. Defl ection Criterion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795.3 The Structure Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805.4 St
37、atic Analysis Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835.5 Dynamic Analysis Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855.6 Recommendation for an Analysis Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 876 DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916.1 General Design Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916.2 Design Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916.3 Steel Structures. . . . .
39、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 926.4 Concrete Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 966.5 Aluminum Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 976.6 Wood Structures . .
40、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 986.7 Seismic Design Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 986.8 Base Plate Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1016.9 Rigid Bus Design .
41、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1046.10 Special Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1097 CONNECTIONS TO FOUNDATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1157.1 Anchor Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1167.2 Anchor Arrangements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1177.3 Anchors Cast in Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1187.4 Drilled Concrete Anchors Installed in Existing
43、 Concrete. . . . . . 1267.5 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1278 QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE . . . . . . 1318.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
44、18.2 Steel Structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1318.3 Aluminum Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1348.4 Concrete Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45、 . . . 1358.5 Wood Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1368.6 Shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1368.7 Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46、. . . . . . . . . . 1379 TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139CONTENTS vii10 CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14110.1 Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47、 . . . . . . 14110.2 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14110.3 Worker Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143This page intentionally left blank PREFACEThe Subcommittee on the Design of Substation Structures of the Committee on Electrical Transmission Structures of the Structural Engineering Institute of ASCE developed this manual. The subcommittee membership represent
49、ed utilities, manufacturers, consulting fi rms, academia, research, and general interest. The combined expertise of the subcommittee members contributed to make this a valuable substation structure design guide for the utility industry.The primary purpose of this manual is to document electrical substation structural engineering practice and to give guidance and recommendations for the design of outdoor electrical substation structures. The guide presents a review of structure types and typical electrical e
