1、ASME B30.16-2003(Revision of ASME B30.16-1998)OVERHEADHOISTS(UNDERHUNG)AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDOVERHEADHOISTS(UNDERHU
2、NG)ASME B30.16-2003(Revision of ASME B30.16-1998)SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS, HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGSCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-Date of Issuance: Jun
3、e 25, 2003The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2006. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Comm
4、ittee Pages at http:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for
5、American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an
6、opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserte
7、d in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validit
8、y of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts re
9、sponsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,wit
10、hout the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2003 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with AS
11、MENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vB30 Series Introduction viiSummary of Changes xChapter 16-0 Scope, Definitions, and References . 1Section 16-0.1 Scope of B30.16 . 1Section 16-0.2 Definitions . 1Section 16-0.3 R
12、eferences 5Chapter 16-1 Marking, Construction, and Installation . 6Section 16-1.1 Marking 6Section 16-1.2 Construction . 6Section 16-1.3 Installation . 9Chapter 16-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . 10Section 16-2.1 Inspection 10Section 16-2.2 Testing . 13Section 16-2.3 Maintenance . 14Section
13、 16-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 15Section 16-2.5 Welded Link Chain Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 16Section 16-2.6 Roller Chain Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . 17Chapter 16-3 Operation . 18Section 16-3.1 Hoisting Practices for Operators 18Section 16-3.2 Han
14、dling the Load . 19Section 16-3.3 Hoist Lockout/Tagout 20Figures1 Hand Chain-Operated Chain Hoist 22 Hand Chain-Operated Chain Hoist 23 Electric-Powered Chain Hoist . 34 Air-Powered Chain Hoist . 35 Electric-Powered Wire Rope Hoist . 46 Electric-Powered Wire Rope Hoist . 47 Air-Powered Wire Rope Hoi
15、st . 5Tables1 Inspection for Hand Chain-Operated Hoists . 112 Inspection for Electric- or Air-Powered Hoists . 12iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-FOREWORDThis American National Stan
16、dard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an
17、eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Co
18、rrelating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department
19、 of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of
20、Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members repres
21、enting 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniq
22、ues, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representin
23、g 27 national organiza-tions.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate volumes (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) would coverthe different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee wa
24、s reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities
25、 responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new d
26、evelopments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application
27、 and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section III, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME,
28、 wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on April 11, 2003.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from Commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. R
29、evisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ASME B30 STANDARDS COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hoo
30、ks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Sverdrup Technology, Inc.W. T. Hargrove, Alternate,
31、Mantech International Corp.R. E. Bluff, Mingus Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown, Kenney Construction Co.P. L. Rossi, Alternate, U.S. Department of Labor, OSHAS. C. Buck, International Union of Operating EngineersL. D. Demark, Alternate, International Union of Operating Engineer
32、sT. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, NACB Technical Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti the loads; the acceleration or speed of the ropes,chains, sheave
33、s, sprockets, or drums; the type of attach-ments; the number, size, and arrangement of sheaves orother parts; environmental conditions causing corrosionor wear; and many variables that must be consideredin each individual case. The rules given in the Standardmust be interpreted accordingly, and judg
34、ment must beused in determining their application.The Standards Committee will be glad to receive criti-cisms of this Standards requirements and suggestions1B30.24, B30.26, B30.27, and B30.28 are in the developmentalstage.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for Re
35、saleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-(03)for its improvement, especially those based on actualexperience in application of the rules.Suggestions for changes to the Standard should besubmitted to the Secretary of the B30 Committee, ASME,Three Park Avenue, New York, N
36、Y 10016-5990, andshould be in accordance with the following format:(a) Cite the specific paragraph designation of the per-tinent volume.(b) Indicate the suggested change (addition, deletion,revision, etc.).(c) Briefly state the reason and/or evidence for thesuggested change.(d) Submit suggested chan
37、ges to more than one para-graph in the order that the paragraphs appear in thevolume.The B30 Committee will consider each suggestedchange in a timely manner in accordance with its proce-dures.SECTION I: SCOPEThis Standard applies to the construction, installation,operation, inspection, maintenance,
38、and safe use of lift-ing equipment used in construction and industrial set-tings. This includes, but is not limited to: articulating-boom, container, gantry, mobile, pedestal, portal, tower,and stacker cranes; balance-lifting units; below-the-hooklifting devices; cableways; derricks; jacks; hoists;
39、hooks;loads suspended from rotorcraft; material placementsystems; monorails; rigging hardware; slings; and scrapand material handlers.This Standard does not apply to track and automotivejacks, railway or automobile wrecking cranes, shipboardcranes, shipboard cargo-handling equipment, well-drilling d
40、erricks, skip hoists, mine hoists, truck bodyhoists, car or barge pullers, conveyors, excavating equip-ment, or equipment falling within the scope of the fol-lowing Committees: A10, A17, A90, A92, A120, B20, B56,and B77.SECTION II: PURPOSEThis Standard is designed to(a) guard against and minimize in
41、jury to workers,and otherwise provide for the protection of life, limb,and property by prescribing safety requirements(b) provide direction to owners, employers, supervi-sors, and others concerned with, or responsible for, itsapplication(c) guide governments and other regulatory bodiesin the develop
42、ment, promulgation, and enforcement ofappropriate safety directivesSECTION III: INTERPRETATIONSUpon request, the B30 Committee will render an inter-pretation of any requirement of the Standard.viiiInterpretations can only be rendered in response to awritten request sent to the Secretary of the B30 C
43、ommit-tee, ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.The request for interpretation should be clear andunambiguous. It is further recommended that theinquirer submit his request utilizing the followingformat.Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)and provide a concise description.Edi
44、tion: Cite the applicable edition of the pertinentvolume for which the interpretation is beingrequested.Question: Phrase the question as a request for aninterpretation of a specific requirementsuitable for general understanding and use,not as a request for approval of aproprietary design or situatio
45、n. Theinquirer may also include any plans ordrawings that are necessary to explain thequestion; however, they should not containany proprietary names or information.Requests that are not in this format will be rewrittenin this format by the Committee prior to being answered,which could change the in
46、tent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of anyinterpretation when or if additional information thatmight affect an interpretation is available. Further, per-sons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to thecognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASMEdoes not “a
47、pprove,”“certify,”“rate,” or “endorse” anyitem, construction, proprietary device, or activity.SECTION IV: NEW AND EXISTING INSTALLATIONS(a) Effective Date. The effective date of this volume forthe purpose of defining new and existing installationsshall be 1 year after its date of issuance.(b) New In
48、stallations. Construction, installation,inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation ofequipment manufactured and facilities constructed afterthe effective date of this volume shall conform to themandatory requirements of this volume.(c) Existing Installations. Inspection, testing, mainte-nance,
49、and operation of equipment manufactured andfacilities constructed prior to the effective date of thisvolume shall be done, as applicable, in accordance withthe requirements of this volume.It is not the intent of this volume to require retrofittingof existing equipment. However, when an item is beingmodified, its performance requirement shall be reviewedrelative to the current volume. If the performance differssubstantially, the need to meet the current requirementshall be
