1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDStacker Cranes(Top or Under Running Bridge, Multiple Girder With Top or Under Running Trolley Hoist)ASME B30.18-2004(Revision of ASME B30.18-1998)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS
2、 under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.18-2004(Revision of ASME B30.18-1998)Stacker Cranes(Top or Under Running Bridge,Multiple Girder With Top orUnder Running Trolley Hoist)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks,
3、Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: November 30, 2004The next edition o
4、f this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2007. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at http:/www.asm
5、e.org/codes/ as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards.
6、The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional p
7、ublic input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitem
8、s mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,
9、 and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those
10、interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permi
11、ssion of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2004 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduct
12、ion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vIntroduction . viSummary of Changes ixChapter 18-0 Scope, Definitions, and References 1Section 18-0.1 Scope of B30.18 1Section 18-0.2 Definitions 1Section 18-0.3 References to Other Codes and Standards 6C
13、hapter 18-1 General Construction and Installation 8Section 18-1.1 Marking . 8Section 18-1.2 Clearances . 8Section 18-1.3 General Construction Runways and Supporting Structures . 8Section 18-1.4 Stacker Crane Construction 9Section 18-1.5 Cabs 9Section 18-1.6 Footwalks and Ladders 9Section 18-1.7 Stop
14、s, Bumpers, Rail Sweeps, and Guards 10Section 18-1.8 Brakes . 11Section 18-1.9 Electrical Equipment . 12Section 18-1.10 Hoisting Equipment . 13Section 18-1.11 Warning Devices . 14Section 18-1.12 Lubrication 14Chapter 18-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance 15Section 18-2.1 Inspection . 15Section 1
15、8-2.2 Testing 16Section 18-2.3 Maintenance . 16Section 18-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 17Chapter 18-3 Operation 19Section 18-3.1 Qualifications for and Conduct of Operators 19Section 18-3.2 Handling the Load . 20Section 18-3.3 Miscellaneous . 21Figures1 Cab-Operated Stacker Cran
16、e . 22 Floor-Operated Stacker Crane 33 Underhung Stacker Crane Movement . 4iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways,
17、 Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards
18、forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association
19、 of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute). Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Penns
20、ylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsor
21、s.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The
22、 Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor a
23、nd industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organiza-tions.The for
24、mat of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover thedifferent types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Orga
25、nization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding a
26、nd inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary har
27、dship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Sta
28、ndard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section III, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and design
29、ated as an American National Standard on February 20, 2004.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that p
30、revious editions were inadequate.ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 STANDARDS COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The
31、following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Sverdrup Technology, Inc.W. T. Hargrove, Alternate, ManTech International Corp
32、.R. E. Bluff, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, E.I. DupontG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E.I. DupontA. D. Brown, A.D. Brown Co.L. D. DeMark, International Union of Operating EngineersS. C. Buck, Alternate, International Union of Operating EngineersT. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/
33、Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, NACB Technical Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti the loads; the acceleration or speed of the ropes,chains, sheaves, sprockets, or drums; the type of attach-ments;
34、the number, size, and arrangement of sheaves orother parts; environmental conditions causing corrosionor wear; and many variables that must be consideredin each individual case. The rules given in the Standardmust be interpreted accordingly, and judgment must beused in determining their application.
35、The Standards Committee will be glad to receive criti-cisms of this Standards requirements and suggestions1B30.24, B30.26, B30.27, and B30.28 are in the developmentalstage.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted withou
36、t license from IHS-,-,-for its improvement, especially those based on actualexperience in application of the rules.Suggestions for changes to the Standard should besubmitted to the Secretary of the B30 Committee, ASME,Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990, andshould be in accordance with the fo
37、llowing format:(a) Cite the specific paragraph designation of the per-tinent volume.(b) Indicate the suggested change (addition, deletion,revision, etc.).(c) Briefly state the reason and/or evidence for thesuggested change.(d) Submit suggested changes to more than one para-graph in the order that th
38、e paragraphs appear in thevolume.The B30 Committee will consider each suggestedchange in a timely manner in accordance with its proce-dures.SECTION I: SCOPEThis Standard applies to the construction, installation,operation, inspection, and maintenance of jacks; power-operated cranes, monorails, and c
39、rane runways; power-operated and manually operated derricks and hoists;lifting devices, hooks, and slings; and cableways.This Standard does not apply to track and automotivejacks, railway or automobile wrecking cranes, shipboardcranes, shipboard cargo-handling equipment, well-drilling derricks, skip
40、 hoists, mine hoists, truck bodyhoists, car or barge pullers, conveyors, excavating equip-ment, or equipment falling within the scope of the fol-lowing Committees: A10, A17, A90, A92, A120, B20, B56,and B77.SECTION II: PURPOSEThis Standard is designed to(a) guard against and minimize injury to worke
41、rs,and otherwise provide for the protection of life, limb,and property by prescribing safety requirements(b) provide direction to owners, employers, supervi-sors, and others concerned with, or responsible for, itsapplication(c) guide governments and other regulatory bodiesin the development, promulg
42、ation, and enforcement ofappropriate safety directivesSECTION III: INTERPRETATIONSUpon request, the B30 Committee will render an inter-pretation of any requirement of the Standard.Interpretations can only be rendered in response to awritten request sent to the Secretary of the B30 Commit-tee, ASME,
43、Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.viiThe request for interpretation should be clear andunambiguous. It is further recommended that theinquirer submit his request utilizing the followingformat.Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)and provide a concise description.Edition: Cite the
44、 applicable edition of the pertinentvolume for which the interpretation is beingrequested.Question: Phrase the question as a request for an inter-pretation of a specific requirement suitablefor general understanding and use, not asa request for approval of a proprietarydesign or situation. The inqui
45、rer may alsoinclude any plans or drawings that are nec-essary to explain the question; however,they should not contain any proprietarynames or information.Requests that are not in this format will be rewrittenin this format by the Committee prior to being answered,which could change the intent of th
46、e original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of anyinterpretation when or if additional information thatmight affect an interpretation is available. Further, per-sons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to thecognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASMEdoes not “approve,” “
47、certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” anyitem, construction, proprietary device, or activity.SECTION IV: NEW AND EXISTING INSTALLATIONS(a) Effective Date. The effective date of this volume forthe purpose of defining new and existing installationsshall be 1 year after its date of issuance.(b) New Installati
48、ons. Construction, installation,inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation ofequipment manufactured and facilities constructed afterthe effective date of this volume shall conform to themandatory requirements of this volume.(c) Existing Installations. Inspection, testing, mainte-nance, and oper
49、ation of equipment manufactured andfacilities constructed prior to the effective date of thisvolume shall be done, as applicable, in accordance withthe requirements of this volume.It is not the intent of this volume to require retrofittingof existing equipment. However, when an item is beingmodified, its performance requirement shall be reviewedrelative to the current volume. If the performance differssubstant
