1、STP-NU-067ROADMAP FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASME CODE RULES FOR FUSION ENERGY DEVICESSTP-NU-067 ROADMAP FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASME CODE RULES FOR FUSION ENERGY DEVICES Prepared by: W.K. Sowder Quality Management Services Co., LLC Date of Issuance: March 11, 2014 This report was prepared as an account
2、of work sponsored by ASME Nuclear Codes an example is the National Ignition Facility). While it may be feasible to modify the existing Section III rules to meet future fusion needs, it has been recommended that a complete separate set of rules be developed for these new fusion energy devices to cove
3、r design, construction and inspection/testing. In addition, it is anticipated that operation and maintenance requirements for these fusion energy devices may also require a new set of rules or major modifications to the existing ASME Operations and Maintenance (OM) Code. It is necessary that these n
4、ew rules contain the best available methods and technology in each area. As such, this Roadmap for the Development of ASME Code Rules for Fusion Energy Devices (FED Roadmap) was developed to outline what should be considered when developing these rules. The approach in this FED Roadmap consists of a
5、 compilation of suggestions from subject matter experts and organizations interviewed, as well as that of the author. As the project teams, task groups, and committees deliberate, it is anticipated that some of the tasks identified in this FED Roadmap will be revised or eliminated from consideration
6、 and others will be added. The Fusion Energy Device Code rules will be developed by various project teams within the Subgroup Fusion Energy Devices of the BPV Committee on Construction of Nuclear Facility Components (III) and will be coordinated with other impacted groups both inside and outside ASM
7、E. A Stakeholder Task Group reporting to the Chairman of the BPV Committee on Construction of Nuclear Facility Components (III) and the Chairman of the Subgroup Fusion Energy Devices has been formed to identify stakeholders and their needs, and develop recommendations and approaches to be incorporat
8、ed into new FED Code rules. STP-NU-067: Roadmap for the Development of ASME Code Rules for Fusion Energy Devices 2 2 METHODOLOGY The proposed methodology for the development of FED Code rules is based on the technical alternatives that were under development at the time. The FED Roadmap will be upda
9、ted as the technical committees reach a consensus on each technical and organizational alternative. The proposed organization for the various phases will be based on approved format of the rules (e.g. new Section III, Division 4 book). If the BPV III Standard Committees decides to change the format,
10、 the roadmap should be updated. The final section in this document summarizes the recommended organizational structure for the code development effort. 2.1 Global Stakeholders The following stakeholders will be considered in the development of the FED Roadmap. The interests of these stakeholders wil
11、l be considered to the extent practicable. Regulatory Community (US NRC, IAEA, KINS, JAEA-etc.) Electric Utilities and Associations (EDF, EPRI, NEI, etc.) Standards Developing Organizations (ASME, JSME, etc.) Designers and Constructors National and International Organizations (US DOE, EFDA) Consulta
12、nts Materials suppliers Equipment suppliers Service providers. 2.2 A Phased Approach A phased approach is being used to develop the FED Codes rules. Phase I includes activities related to developing this Roadmap for the new Section III, Division 4 (III-4) book to meet the needs identified by stakeho
13、lders worldwide for FED facilities that will be designed within the next few decades. It has been assumed in the development of this Roadmap that these needs are in a constant state of development. Phase II activities related to developing rules to be incorporated into the new III-4 and to meet the
14、needs identified by stakeholders worldwide for Fusion Energy Device facilities that will be designed more than a decade from now. It has been assumed in the development of the Roadmap that these needs include significantly different types of design and operating components than are in commercial fis
15、sion facilities. Therefore, additional time will be needed for conducting R Leads, Busbars, Energy Absorbing Equipment Resistors, High Current Switches, and Power Supplies Plasma Control Systems Balance of Plant Systems Piping, Pumps, Valves Cryostat Vacuum Vessel Ports & Thermal Shields Cryostat Ve
16、nt System Vacuum Systems Additionally, Fusion Device Extreme conditions (heat loads, EM forces/stresses, and Temperature during transients/accidents) and Plasma Configuration Requirements will also need to be specified. STP-NU-067: Roadmap for the Development of ASME Code Rules for Fusion Energy Dev
17、ices 5 4 PROPOSED TASK WORK 4.1 Research and Development (R&D) Tasks The term R&D as used in the Roadmap is intended to include the following categories of tasks: Physical tests to develop material properties and information about the long-term performance of materials in relevant environment includ
18、ing radiation degradation due to neutrons, helium particles, ionizing radiation, etc. The development and validation of new design and analysis methods/tools. Development of new methods for fabrication and examination (NDE). Development of drafts of Code rules based on existing methods and data, and
19、 the validation of those rules, are not considered to be R&D. However, if a consensus cannot be reached on certain aspects of the rules, it may be necessary to initiate R&D projects to obtain more data or to develop modified or alternative methods. Also, it should be recognized that it may be necess
20、ary to initiate funded projects to develop Code rules in some areas. The project teams responsible for each portion of the rules should make recommendations for consideration by the appropriate groups within the ASME organizational structure. The following R & D areas to be considered: Develop metho
21、dology for design considerations such as fatigue or creepfatigue damage. Consider elastic conditions. Compile existing creep relaxation data or develop new data as needed Develop initial loading and cyclic stress-strain curves for all materials to be used for BPV III-4 construction for the complete
22、temperature range of interest if these data are needed for the analysis methods selected. Develop Improved Design Methodology for Creep-Fatigue Evaluation by Analysis. This approach should take full advantage of modern analysis tools, such as elastic-plastic finite element analysis with creep strain
23、 capability. Develop Methodology for Load Controlled Stress Limits that Do Not Require Stress Classification. Develop Improved Methodology for Strain Limits based on the results of elastic or simplified inelastic analysis and taking full advantage of modern analysis tools. Develop Rules for Design a
24、nd In-Service Evaluation Using Fracture Mechanics. Develop Rules for leak-before-break performance. Develop Additional Materials Data and other Analysis needs. Consider Probabilistic methods. Develop and Validate Remote NDE methods for fresh and recycled materials. Develop methodology for continuous
25、 monitoring of critical components during operation. Develop programs to support the use of carbon, graphite, ceramic and composite materials, refractory metals and alloys. Establish an “NDE Database”. Investigate Structural Brazes, Magnet Strand and Conductor brazes and other High Temperature Bondi
26、ng Methods. These types of brazes, diffusion bonding or other joining methods may be needed for components. Develop environmental factors for fusion environments. Additional R&D programs as defined by the Project Teams working in each area. STP-NU-067: Roadmap for the Development of ASME Code Rules
27、for Fusion Energy Devices 6 4.2 Administrative and Technical Tasks The following outlines the recommended approach for the administrative and technical tasks for the phased approach: a) Establish an administrative structure to oversee the various phase tasks b) Establish physical boundaries of scope
28、 c) Define Code needs for structures requiring standards d) Develop a Component Classification System e) Define BNCS, BPV III and BPV XI Direction and establish interface f) Establish Technical Framework g) Organization of BPV III-4 h) Develop Common Terminology and Units of Measurement i) Develop O
29、verall Guidance for III-4 4.3 Specific Code Rule Development Tasks The following list recommends the specific code rule development tasks that should be conducted: a) Determine Need to Develop a PRA Standard b) Develop General Requirements c) Develop “Design-by-Rule” Requirements d) Develop Design-b
30、y-Analysis Methodology e) Fatigue Design Rules f) Develop Elevated Temperature Design Rules g) Develop Cryogenic Temperature Design Rules h) Consider / Develop Rules for Probabilistic methods i) Develop Rules for the Application of Remote NDE Methods j) Rules for welding and post weld heat treatment
31、 (PWHT) k) Develop rules for NDE for new and post construction l) Consider the need for Reliability and Integrity Management (RIM) m) Consider the need for temperature and leak monitoring rules n) Consider the need for new construction rules for performance testing of pumps, valves and systems o) Co
32、nsider the need for new construction rules for rotating machinery p) Develop rules for pressure/temperature limits and in-service testing q) Develop design material rules covering carbon, graphite, and ceramic, composite r) Verify applicability of nuclear QA applications s) Determine need for BNCS t
33、o develop ASME Code rules for confinement structures STP-NU-067: Roadmap for the Development of ASME Code Rules for Fusion Energy Devices 7 5 RECOMMENDED STRUCTURE FOR ASME FED CODE The following outlines the recommended structure for the ASME FED Code. I Magnet Magnet Coil Magnet Conductor Magnet S
34、trand Superconductor Systems and Auxiliaries II Plant Systems Cryostat Cooling Water System Cryogenic System Engineering Hot Cell & Radwaste Services Integration Radwaste Treatment & Storage III Vacuum Vessel or Target Chamber Ports & Thermal Shield Cryostat & VV Pressure Suppression System IV Inter
35、nal Components FW/Blanket Divertor Shield Manifolds V Assembly & Maintenance Machine Assembly & Tooling Remote Handling and Radiation-resistant equipment VI Fuel Cycle Engineering Tritium Plant Fuelling and Wall Conditioning Vacuum Pumping VII Electrical Engineering Division Coil Power Supply & Dist
36、ribution Steady State Electrical Power Network VIII CODAC -Control Data Access and Communications IX Plasma Control Systems Startup System Stabilization System (coils, shells, etc.) Ion Cyclotron H & CD Electron Cyclotron H & CD Neutral Beam STP-NU-067: Roadmap for the Development of ASME Code Rules
37、 for Fusion Energy Devices 8 X Diagnostics Port Based Systems Divertor Systems In-Vessel and Distributed Systems Diagnostics Engineering & Generic Components XI Low-Activation Materials XII Design/Science FW, Divertor and Plasma-Wall Interactions Transport and Confinement Physics Stability and Contr
38、ol Integrated Modeling Plasma Operations System Analysis Tritium Breeding and Extraction Disruption and Transient Mitigation Radioactive Material Management Scheme Maintenance Approach 5.1 Industry Involvement It is important to Develop Stakeholders Group with representatives from affected SDOs, use
39、rs and regulators. The interested parties should work towards consensus of responsibility for requirements in any areas where standards are needed. The Nuclear Energy Standards Coordination Collaborative (NESCC) and the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) are just two organizations that may appropriate resources toward this objective. STP-NU-067A2541Q
