1、Designation: A 1012 02 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specification forSeamless and Welded Ferritic, Austenitic and Duplex AlloySteel Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With IntegralFins1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 1012; the number immediately following the designation indicates
2、 the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification describes seamless and weld
3、ed fer-ritic, austenitic and duplex alloy steel tubing on which theexternal or internal surface, or both, has been modified by acold forming process to produce an integral enhanced surfacefor improved heat transfer. The tubes are used in surfacecondensers, evaporators, heat exchangers and similar he
4、attransfer apparatus in unfinned end diameters up to and includ-ing 1 in. (25.4 mm). Boiler tubes are excluded.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains to th
5、etest method portion only, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability
6、of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 213/A 213M Specification for Seamless Ferritic andAus-tenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger TubesA 249/A 249M Specification for Welded Austenitic SteelBoiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and C
7、ondenserTubesA 268/A 268M Specification for Seamless and Welded Fer-ritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for GeneralServiceA 269 Specification for Seamless and Welded AusteniticStainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA 688/A 688M Specification for Welded Austenitic Stain-less Steel Feedwat
8、er Heater TubesA 789/A 789M Specification for Seamless and WeldedFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Ser-viceA 803/A 803M Specification for Welded Ferritic StainlessSteel Feedwater Heater TubesA 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysA
9、1016/A 1016M Specification for General Requirementsfor Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stain-less Steel Tubes3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definition of general terms used in thisspecification, refer to Specification A 941.3.2 Symbols (Integral Fin Tube Nomenclature):D = outside
10、 diameter of unenhanced sectionDi= inside diameter of unenhanced sectiondr= root diameter of enhanced section outside of tubedo= outside diameter of enhanced sectiondi= inside diameter of enhanced sectionW = wall thickness of unenhanced sectionWf= wall thickness of enhanced sectionFh= height of fine
11、nhanced section outside of tubeFm= mean fin thicknessenhanced section outside of tubeP = mean rib pitchenhanced section inside of tubeRh= height of ribenhanced section inside of tubeHa= rib helix angleenhanced section inside of tubeTt= transition taper4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the responsibil
12、ity of the purchaser to specify allrequirements that are necessary for material ordered under thisspecification. Such requirements may include, but are notlimited to, the following:4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (this specifica-tion);4.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue (plain tubespec
13、ification);1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyappr
14、oved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A 1012-02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web
15、site.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.3 Welded or seamless;4.1.4 Alloy grade and UNS designation;4.1.5 Dimensions; plain tube outside diameter, plain tubewall thickness (average or minimum specified), length andloc
16、ation of unenhanced surfaces and the total tube length.Configuration of enhanced surfaces (fins per unit length, finheight, wall thickness under fin, rib pitch, rib height, etc.) shallbe as agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser(see Figs. 1 and 2).4.1.6 Temper (as-finned or stress relief
17、 annealed);4.1.7 Quantity;4.1.8 Packaging;4.1.9 Nondestructive tests;4.1.10 Customer inspection;4.1.11 Mill test report;4.1.12 Certification.5. General Requirements5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of Specification A 1016/A 1016M unless oth
18、erwise provided herein.5.2 Enhanced (integrally finned) sections of the tube shallbe produced by cold forming the tubing in such a manner thatexterior fins, wall under the fin and inside ribs (when specified)are homogeneous.5.3 Tubes described by this specification shall be furnishedwith unenhanced
19、(plain) ends.5.4 Enhanced sections of the tube are normally supplied inthe “as finned” temper (cold worked condition produced by theenhancing operation). The unenhanced sections of the tubeshall be in the annealed condition and shall be suitable forrolling-in operations.6. Materials and Manufacture6
20、.1 The integrally enhanced (finned) tubes shall be manu-factured from seamless, welded, or welded/cold worked plaintubes that conform to one of the following ASTM specifica-tions: A 213/A 213M, A 249/A 249M, A 268/A 268M, A 269,A 688/A 688M, A 789/A 789M, A 803/A 803M.7. Temper7.1 The tube after enh
21、ancing shall normally be supplied inthe as-finned temper. When specified by the purchaser, forbending, coiling or other fabricating operations, enhancedportions of the tube may be stress relief annealed or solutionannealed.7.2 Heat treatment of enhanced sections, or bend areas, orboth, shall be in a
22、ccordance with the governing plain tubespecification.8. Chemical Composition8.1 The tubing specified shall conform to the chemicalrequirements prescribed in the governing plain tube specifica-tion.9. Tensile Requirements9.1 The tube prior to the finning operation, or unenhancedportions of the finned
23、 tube, shall conform to the requirementsfor tensile properties prescribed in the governing plain tubespecification.10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions10.1 DiameterThe outside diameter of the unenhancedsections shall not exceed the diameter tolerances shown in thegoverning plain tube specificati
24、on as measured by micrometersand verified by “go” and “no go” ring gages. The diameter overthe enhanced sections shall not exceed the diameter of the plainsections involved, as determined by a “go” ring gage unlessotherwise specified. The dimensions of the ring gages shall beas described in 10.1.1 a
25、nd 10.1.2.10.1.1 The inside diameter dimension of the “go” ring gageshall be equal to the nominal tube diameter, plus the maximumtolerance, plus .002 in. The length of the “go” ring gage shallbe 1 in. (25.4 mm) minimum.10.1.2 The inside diameter dimension of the “no go” ringgage shall be equal to th
26、e nominal tube diameter minus themaximum tolerance. The length of the “no go” ring gage shallbe 1 in. (25.4 mm) minimum.10.2 Wall ThicknessThe wall thickness of enhanced andunenhanced sections shall not exceed the thickness tolerancesshown in the governing plain tube specification unless other-wise
27、agreed to between the manufacture and purchaser. Notube at any point shall be less than the minimum thicknessspecified in the plain sections or in the enhanced sections.10.3 LengthThe length of the tubes shall not be less thanthat specified, but may exceed the specified value by theamounts given in
28、Table 1.FIG. 1 Outside Enhancement OnlyFIG. 2 Outside and Inside EnhancementTABLE 1 Length TolerancesSpecified Length, ft (m) Tolerance, in. (mm)Up to 24 (7.3), incl +18 (3.2)Over 24 to 34 (7.3 to 10.4), incl +14 (6.4)Over 34 to 44 (10.4 to 13.4), incl +38 (9.5)Over 44 (13.4) +12 (12.7) maxA 1012 02
29、 (2007)210.3.1 The length of plain ends, as measured from the tubeend to the first tool impression, shall not be less than thatspecified, but may exceed the specified value by12 in. (12.7mm).10.3.2 The length of fin sections and lands (unenhancedportions) shall be as specified 614 in. (6.35 mm).10.4
30、 Squareness of CutThe angle of cut of the end of anytube may depart from square by not more than 0.016 in.10.5 StraightnessThe tube shall be reasonably straightand free of bends or kinks.11. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance11.1 Finished tubes shall be clean and free of foreignmaterial, shall have
31、smooth ends free of burrs, and shall be freeof injurious external and internal imperfections. Minor defectsmay be removed, provided the dimensional tolerances ofSection 10 are not exceeded.11.2 A slight amount of oxidation on the surface resultingfrom heat treatment after enhancing or bending is acc
32、eptable.When the plain tube specification allows for a slight amount ofoxidation on the surface resulting from heat treatment, this alsois acceptable.12. Nondestructive Tests12.1 After enhancing operations, subject each tube to anondestructive electromagnetic test, and either a pneumatic orhydrostat
33、ic test as specified in the purchase order. Tubesnormally shall be tested in the as-fabricated condition but, atthe option of the manufacturer or purchaser, may be tested inthe stress relief annealed condition.12.1.1 Eddy Current TestEddy current inspect the tube bypassing it through an encircling c
34、oil designed to test the entirecross section of the tube.12.1.1.1 The reference standard used to adjust the sensitiv-ity setting of the apparatus shall be sound and of the samenominal alloy, enhanced configuration, condition (temper), andnominal dimensions as the lot of tubes to be tested on aproduc
35、tion basis. Drill four holes not larger than 0.031 in.(0.787 mm) in diameter radially through the enhanced wall ineach of four successive planes at 0, 90, 180, and 270. Usea suitable drill jig to guide the drill, taking care to avoiddistortion of the adjacent fins. Locate one hole in the weld forwel
36、ded material. Space artificial discontinuities at least 16 in.(406 mm) apart to provide signal resolution adequate forinterpretation. Discard and replace the reference standard whenerroneous signals are produced from mechanical, metallurgi-cal, or other damage to the tube.12.1.1.2 Adjust the eddy cu
37、rrent test unit to obtain anoptimum signal-to-noise ratio with the minimum sensitivityrequired to detect all four artificial defects in the referencestandard on a repeatable basis. Equipment adjustments andtube speed maintained during calibration shall be the same forproduction tubes.12.1.1.3 Set as
38、ide tubes showing an eddy current indicationin excess of any signal obtained from artificial defects in thereference standard and subject them to retest or rejection.12.1.1.4 Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of debrisand like effects shall be considered to conform, should they notcause outpu
39、t signals beyond acceptable limits when retested.Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of visible and identi-fiable handling marks (rough fin tip, notches in the fin) shall beconsidered to conform, provided the wall thickness in theenhanced and unenhanced areas is not less than the minimumspecifi
40、ed.12.1.1.5 Tubes causing relevant signals because of injuriousdefects (incomplete welds, splits, embedded debris, brokentool impressions, ID defects), that reduce the wall thicknessbelow the minimum specified shall be rejected. If, after retestand examination, no source for the reject signal can be
41、discerned, the tube shall be rejected.12.1.2 Pneumatic TestWhen examined with this testmethod, each tube shall withstand a minimum internal airpressure of 250 psi (1.72 MPa), for a minimum of 5s, withoutshowing evidence of leakage. The test method used shallpermit easy detection of any leakage eithe
42、r by placing the tubeunderwater or by using the pressure differential method asfollows:12.1.2.1 Air Underwater Pressure TestEach tube shall betested in accordance with Specification A 1016/A 1016M ex-cept using test pressure specified in 12.1.2.12.1.2.2 Pressure Differential TestProcedure and accep-
43、tance criteria shall be agreed upon between the manufacturerand purchaser.12.1.3 Hydrostatic TestWhen examined with this testmethod, each tube shall be tested in accordance with Specifi-cation A 1016/A 1016M, except, the equation for calculatingtest pressure shall be modified as follows:Inch2Pound U
44、nits: P 5 32 000 Wf/ dr(1)SI Units: P 5 220.6 Wf/ drwhere:P = hydrostatic test pressure, psi (or MPa),Wf= wall under fin thickness, in. (or mm),dr= fin root diameter, in. (or mm),12.1.3.1 As agreed upon between the manufacturer andpurchaser, a minimum hydrostatic test pressure in excess of therequir
45、ements of Specification A 1016/A 1016M may be statedon the order. The tube wall stress shall be determined by thefollowing equation:S 5 Pdr/2Wf(2)where:S = tube wall stress, psi (or MPa), and all other symbols asdefined in 12.1.3.12.1.3.2 The hydrostatic test may be performed before thetube is cut t
46、o final length but must be performed afterenhancing, bending, heat treatment, or other forming opera-tions.13. Inspection13.1 The manufacturer shall inspect and make the necessarytests to verify that the enhanced tubes furnished conform to therequirements of the customer purchase order and to thereq
47、uirements of this specification.13.2 Should the purchaser additionally elect to perform hisown inspection, the manufacturer shall make provisions forsuch in accordance with requirements specified in SpecificationA 1016/A 1016M.A 1012 02 (2007)314. Rejection14.1 Provisions for rejection shall be in a
48、ccordance withrequirements in Specification A 1016/A 1016M.15. Certified Test Report15.1 The manufacturer shall furnish to the purchaser acertified test report in accordance with requirements specifiedin A 1016/A 1016M.15.2 In addition, the certified test report shall include thefollowing informatio
49、n and test results, as modified, whenapplicable:15.2.1 Plain Tube:15.2.1.1 ASTM material designation.15.2.1.2 Welded or seamless.15.2.1.3 Alloy grade and UNS designation.15.2.1.4 Tube dimensions (outside diameter and wall thick-ness).15.2.1.5 Heat number.15.2.1.6 Heat analysis.15.2.1.7 Product analysis, when specified.15.2.1.8 Tensile properties.15.2.1.9 Flattening test acceptable.15.2.1.10 Reverse flattening test acceptable.15.2.1.11 Flaring test acceptable.15.2.1.12 Flange test acceptable.15.2.1.13 Hardness test values.15.2.1.14 Hydrostatic or pneumatic te
