1、Designation: A 148/A 148M 08Standard Specification forSteel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 148/A 148M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers carbon
3、 steel, alloy steel, andmartensitic stainless steel castings that are to be subjected tohigher mechanical stresses than those covered in SpecificationA 27/A 27M.1.2 Several grades of steel castings are covered, having thechemical composition and mechanical properties prescribed inTables 1 and 2.1.3
4、The values stated in inch-pound units or SI units are tobe regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are notexact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-pendently of the other. Combining values from the two sy
5、stemsmay result in nonconformance with the specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 27/A 27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, forGeneral ApplicationA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 781/A 781M Specification for Castings, Steel and
6、Alloy,Common Requirements, for General Industrial UseE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications3. General Conditions for Delivery3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 781/A 781M, includ
7、ingany supplementary requirements that are indicated in thepurchase order. Failure to comply with the general require-ments of Specification A 781/A 781M constitutes nonconfor-mance with this specification. In case of conflict between therequirements of this specification and Specification A 781/A 7
8、81M, this specification shall prevail.4. Ordering Information4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate thefollowing:4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number ordrawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on thecasting drawing),4.1.2 Grade of steel,4.1.3 Options in the spe
9、cification, and4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired, includingthe standards of acceptance.5. Heat Treatment5.1 All castings shall be heat treated either by full annealing,normalizing, normalizing and tempering, or quenching andtempering. Unless otherwise specified in the inquiry, contract,or
10、 order, the castings may be heat treated by any of these heattreatments or combination of these heat treatments at the optionof the manufacturer.5.2 Heat treatment shall be performed after the castingshave been allowed to cool below the transformation range.1This specification is under the jurisdict
11、ion of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved March 1, 2008. Published March 2008. Originallyapproved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A 148/A 148M 05.2For referenced
12、 ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGrade (UNS No.)Composition, %Sulfur, max Phosph
13、o-rus, max80-40 550-275 (D50400) 0.06 0.0580-50 550-345 (D50500) 0.06 0.0590-60 620-415 (D50600) 0.06 0.05105-85 725-585 (D50850) 0.06 0.05115-95 795-655 (D50950) 0.06 0.05130-115 895-795 (D51150) 0.06 0.05135-125 930-860 (D51250) 0.06 0.05150-135 1035-930 (D51350) 0.06 0.05160-145 1105-1000 (D51450
14、) 0.06 0.05165-150 1140-1035 (D51500) 0.020 0.020165-150L 1140-1035L (D51501) 0.020 0.020210-180 1450-1240 (D51800) 0.020 0.020210-180L 1450-1240L (D51801) 0.020 0.020260-210 1795-1450 (D52100) 0.020 0.020260-210L 1795-1450L (D52101) 0.020 0.0201*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of th
15、is standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Temperature Control6.1 Furnace temperatures for heat-treating shall be regulatedby the use of pyrometers.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The steel shall conform to sulfur and p
16、hosphorus re-quirements as prescribed in Table 1.7.2 The content of carbon, manganese, silicon, and alloyingelements may, by agreement, be prescribed by the purchaser. Ifnot specified, the content may be selected by the manufacturerto obtain the required mechanical properties.7.3 When the analysis o
17、f carbon, manganese, silicon, or anyintentionally added alloying element is specifically requestedin the contract or order, it shall be made by the manufacturerand reported to the purchaser. The results of these analysesshall not be used as a basis for rejection except by prioragreement.8. Tensile R
18、equirements8.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat and shallconform to the tensile requirements specified in Table 2.8.2 The test coupons and specimens shall conform torequirements specified in Section 11.8.3 Tension test coupons shall be machined to the form anddimension shown in Fig. 4 o
19、f Test Methods and DefinitionsA 370 and tested in accordance with those test methods withthe ends machined to fit the grips on the tensile testing machineto be used. Suggested types of ends for standard round tensiontest specimens are shown in Fig. 5 of Test Methods andDefinitions A 370.8.4 To deter
20、mine conformance with the tension test require-ments, an observed value or calculated value shall be roundedoff in accordance with Practice E29to the nearest 500 psi 5MPa for yield point and tensile strength and to the nearest 1 %for elongation and reduction of area.9. Charpy Impact Requirements9.1
21、This section is applicable only to grades 165-150L1140-1035L, 210-180L 1450-1240L, and 260-210L 1795-1450L.NOTE 1Other grades may be ordered to charpy impact test require-ments in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S9 of SpecificationA 781/A 781M.9.2 The notched bar impact properties of each
22、heat shall bedetermined by testing one set of three Charpy V-notch impactspecimens at 40 6 2F 40 6 1C. The energy value ofthe three specimens shall not be less than shown in Table 3.9.3 Test coupons and specimens shall conform to therequirements specified in Section 11.9.4 Impact test specimens shal
23、l be machined to the form anddimensions shown in Test Methods and Definitions A 370,Type A, Charpy V-notch specimen, Fig. 11, and tested inaccordance with those test methods.10. Retests10.1 If the results of the tensile or charpy tests do notconform to the requirements specified, heat-treated castin
24、gsmay, at the manufacturers option, be reheat treated. Testingafter reheat treatment shall consist of the full number ofspecimens complying with the specification or order.11. Test Coupons and Specimens11.1 Test bars shall be poured from the same heat as thecastings represented. Test coupons may be
25、cast integrally withthe castings or as separate blocks similar to those shown in Fig.1 of Specification A 781/A 781M.11.1.1 In the case of quenched and tempered castings wherethe ruling section of the casting exceeds three inches, supple-mentary requirement S15 of SpecificationA 781/A 781M shallappl
26、y.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGradeTensile strength min,ksi MPaYield point min,ksi MPaElongation in 2in.or50mm,min, %AReduction of Area, min, %80-40 550-275 80 550 40 275 18 3080-50 550-345 80 550 50 345 22 3590-60 620-415 90 620 60 415 20 40105-85 725-585 105 725 85 585 17 35115-95 795-655 115 795
27、95 655 14 30130-115 895-795 130 895 115 795 11 25135-125 930-860 135 930 125 860 9 22150-135 1035-930 150 1035 135 930 7 18160-145 1105-1000 160 1105 145 1000 6 12165-150 1140-1035 165 1140 150 1035 5 20165-150L 1140-1035LB165 1140 150 1035 5 20210-180 1450-1240 210 1450 180 1240 4 15210-180L 1450-1
28、240LB210 1450 180 1240 4 15260-210 1795-1450 260 1795 210 1450 3 6260-210L 1795-1450LB260 1795 210 1450 3 6AWhen ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in this specification, the gage length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4 to 1.BThese grades must be charpy impact test
29、ed as prescribed in Section 9, and with minimum values as shown in Table 3.TABLE 3 Impact RequirementsGrade 165-150L1140-1035L210-180L1450-1240L260-210L1795-1450LImpact RequirementsCharpy V-notchEnergy value, ftlbf J, min value fortwo specimens and minimum aver-age of three specimens20 27 15 20 6 8E
30、nergy value, ftlbf J, min for singlespecimen16 22 12 16 4 5A 148/A 148M 08211.2 The bar from which the test piece is taken shall be heattreated in production furnaces with the castings or to the sameprocedure as the castings it represents.11.2.1 When the bar from which the test piece is taken is not
31、heat treated as part of the same heat treatment load as thecasting(s) it qualifies, the austenitizing (or solution, if appli-cable) temperatures for the bar shall be within 25F of those forthe casting(s). The tempering temperature for the bar shall beno higher than 25F above that of the casting(s) a
32、nd no higherthan permitted by the heat treatment procedure for the material.The cycle time at each temperature shall not exceed that for thecasting(s).11.3 Test specimens may be cut from heat-treated castings,at the producers option, instead of from test bars.11.4 If any specimen shows defective mac
33、hining, or exhib-its flaws, it may be discarded and another substituted from thesame heat.12. Repair by Welding12.1 Weld repairs shall be inspected to the same qualitystandards that are used to inspect the castings. When castingsare produced with Supplementary Requirement S1 specified,weld repairs s
34、hall be inspected by magnetic particle examina-tion to the same standards that are used to inspect the castings.When castings are produced with Supplementary RequirementS2 specified, weld repairs in which the depth of the cavityprepared for repair welding exceeds 20 % of the wall thicknessor 1 in. 2
35、5 mm, whichever is smaller, or in which the cavityprepared for welding is greater than approximately 10 in.265cm2, shall be radiographed to the same standards that are usedto inspect the castings.12.2 Welds exceeding 20 % of the wall thickness or 1 in. 25mm, whichever is smaller, or exceeding approx
36、imately 10 in.265 cm2 in area, shall be given a suitable stress relief or heattreatment.13. Rehearing13.1 Tested samples representing rejected material shall beheld for two weeks from the date of the test report. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the tests, the manufacturermay make claim
37、 for a rehearing within that time.14. Keywords14.1 alloy steel; carbon steel; castings; high strength steel;martensitic stainless steel; steel castings; structural castingsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order.Alist
38、of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included inSpecification A 781/A 781M. Those which are ordinarily considered suitable for use with thisspecification are given below together with additional supplementary requirements that are applicableonly to thi
39、s specification. Other supplementary requirements enumerated in Specification A 781/A 781M may be used with this specification upon agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.S1. Magnetic Particle Examination.S2. Radiographic Examination.S6. Certification.S8. Marking.S9. Charpy Impact TestS9.1
40、 Charpy impact test properties shall be determined oneach heat from a set of three Charpy V-notch specimens madefrom a test coupon in accordance with Test Methods andDefinitions A 370 and tested at a test temperature agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and purchaser. The acceptancerequirements shall
41、 be either energy absorbed, lateral expan-sion, or percent shear area, or all three, and shall be that agreedupon by the manufacturer and purchaser. Test specimens shallbe prepared and tested in accordance with Test Methods andDefinitions A 370.S9.2 Absorbed EnergyAverage energy value of threespecim
42、ens shall be not less than specified, with not more thanone value permitted to fall below the minimum specified andno value permitted below the minimum specified for a singlespecimen.S9.3 Lateral ExpansionLateral expansion value shall beagreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.S9.4 Percent
43、 Shear AreaPercent shear area shall beagreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.S15. Alternate Tension Test Coupons and SpecimenLocations for Castings (in lieu of Test Bars Pouredfrom Special Blocks).A 148/A 148M 083SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected cha
44、nges to this standard since the last issue(A 148/A 148M 05) that may impact the use of this standard (Approved March 1, 2008).(1) Removed Type A from S.9.1 Charpy Impact Test.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentio
45、nedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee an
46、d must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting o
47、f theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box
48、 C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A 148/A 148M 084
