1、Designation: A 2 02Standard Specification forCarbon Steel Girder Rails of Plain, Grooved, and Guard Types1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 2; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev
2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers carbon steel gird
3、er rails2ofthree classes based on type or type and weight, and chemistrydefined as follows and in Table 1:1.1.1 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, girder-guard rails shall be Class A.1.1.2 Plain and grooved-girder rails under 135 lb/yd (67.1kg/m) in weight shall be specified by the purchas
4、er as eitherClass A or Class B.1.1.3 Plain and grooved-girder rails of 135 lb/yd in weightand heavier shall be Class C, unless otherwise specified.1.2 The values states in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.2. Referenced Docume
5、nts2.1 ASTM Standards:A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and LoadingMethods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipments3E 10 Test Method for Brinell hardness of Metallic Materi-als43. Classification of Rails3.1 No. 1 RailsRails that are free of injurious imperfec-tions and flaws of all kinds.3.2
6、No. 2 RailsRails that contain surface imperfections insuch number or of such character that shall not, in the judgmentof the inspector, render them unfit for recognized uses.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for girder rails under this specification shallinclude the following information as appropri
7、ate:4.1.1 ASTM designation and date of issue,4.1.2 Quantity (tons or pieces as appropriate),4.1.3 Complete identification of section with dimensionaldrawing if required,4.1.4 Arrangement of bolt holes, bond holes, and tie rodholes with dimensional drawings, if required,4.1.5 Class (in accordance wit
8、h 1.1 and Table 1), and4.1.6 Certification and Test Report (see 12.1).5. Manufacture5.1 Melting PracticeThe steel shall be made by any of thefollowing processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.5.1.1 The steel may be cast by a continuous process, or iningots.5.2 DiscardSufficient disc
9、ard shall be made to securefreedom from injurious segregation and piping.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Heat or Cast AnalysisAn analysis for each heat orcast of steel shall be made by the manufacturer to determine thepercentage of the elements specified in Table 1. The analysisshall be made from a test
10、sample representing the heat or castand shall conform to the requirements in Table 1.6.2 Upon request by the purchaser, similar samples shall beprovided to verify the heat or cast analysis as determined in6.1.6.3 Product AnalysisWhen ladle tests are not available,finished material representing the h
11、eat may be product tested.The product analysis allowance beyond the limits of thespecified ladle analysis shall be within the limits for productanalyses specified in Table 2.7. Hardness Properties7.1 Test Specimens:7.1.1 Three representative sections of rail from each heatshall be selected as test s
12、pecimens.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.01 on Steel Rails and Accessories.Current edition approved November 10, 2002. Published December 2002.Originally approved in 1
13、912. Last previous edition approved in 1990 as A 31 90(1997).2Design details for carbon steel girder rails are indicated in the girder railcatalogs of individual manufacturers.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements, %Class A
14、Class B Class CCarbon 0.600.75 0.700.85 0.750.90Manganese 0.600.90 0.600.90 0.600.90Phosphorus, max 0.04 0.04 0.04Silicon 0.100.40 0.100.40 0.100.401*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
15、PA 19428-2959, United States.7.1.2 Excess scale and decarburization shall be removedfrom the test area of the head or web of the selected specimens.7.2 Procedure:7.2.1 1 The test shall be conducted in accordance with TestMethod E 10.7.3 Requirements:7.3.1 Class A rail shall have a Brinell hardness o
16、f 248 to293, and Classes B and C shall have hardnesses of 269 to 321.7.4 RetestsIf the average depth of the impressions ob-tained on the head of the three specimens from any heat failsto conform to the requirements specified in 7.3, the manufac-turer may at his option retest the specimens, or each r
17、ail fromthat heat. Rails represented by retests which conform to therequirements of 7.3 shall be accepted.8. Permissible Variations of Dimension, Weight, andOther Physical Attributes8.1 Section:8.1.1 The section of the rail shall conform to the designspecified by the purchaser.8.1.2 A variation of16
18、4 in. (0.4 mm) less or132 in. (0.8 mm)greater than the specified height will be permitted.8.1.3 A variation of18 in. (3.2 mm) from the specifiedoverall width of the head and tram will be permitted, but anyvariation that would affect the gage line more than132 in. (0.8mm) will not be permitted.8.1.4
19、The overall width of the base shall not vary under thatspecified more than18 in. (3.2 mm) for widths less than 612 in.(165 mm),316 in. (4.8 mm) for a width of 612 in., and14 in.(6.35 mm) for a width of 7 in. (178 mm).8.1.5 No variation will be permitted in dimensions affectingthe fit of the joint ba
20、rs, except that the fishing templateapproved by the purchaser may stand out laterally not morethan332 in. (2.4 mm).8.1.6 The base of the rail shall be at right angles to the web,and the convexity shall not exceed132 in. (0.8 mm).8.1.7 When necessary, because of the type of track construc-tion, and n
21、otice to that effect has been given to the manufac-turer, the position of the gage line with respect to the outer edgeof the base shall not vary more than364 in. (1.2 mm).8.2 WeightThe weight of the rails per yard as calculated,shall be maintained as nearly as possible after conforming tothe require
22、ments specified in 8.1.8.3 Length:8.3.1 Unless otherwise specified, the standard length of railshall be 39 ft (11.9 m) where measured at a temperature of60F (15C).8.3.2 All standard 39-ft lengths may be specified; or8.3.3 Standard 39-ft lengths with up to 11 % of the entireorder in lengths shorter t
23、han standard, varying by 1 ft (0.3 m)from 38 to 24 ft (11.6 to 7.3 m) may be specified; or8.3.4 Length variations other than those described in 8.3.3may be established by agreement between the purchaser andmanufacturer.8.3.5 A variation of716 in. (11 mm) from the specifiedlength of individual rails
24、will be permitted.8.4 End Finish:8.4.1 Rails shall be milled, abrasive wheel cut, or ground tolength, with a variation in end squareness of not more than132in. (0.8 mm) allowed.8.4.2 Harmful burrs on the ends shall be removed.8.5 Drilling:8.5.1 Circular holes for joint bar bolts, bonds, and tie rods
25、shall be drilled to conform to the drawings and dimensionsfurnished by the purchaser and within the following permis-sible variations:8.5.2 The diameter of bolt holes shall not vary more than116in. (1.6 mm) over and 0 in. under that specified. The diameterof bond holes shall not be over the size spe
26、cified, but may be132 in. (0.8 mm) under. The diameter of the tie rod holes shallnot be less than that specified but may be116 in. (1.6 mm) over.8.5.3 The location of bolt and bond holes shall not varymore than116 in. (1.6 mm), either longitudinally or verticallyfrom that specified. The location of
27、the tie rod holes shall notvary more than14 in. (6.35 mm) vertically and not more than12 in. (12.7 mm) longitudinally from that specified.8.5.4 Bond holes shall be truly cylindrical and not conical.8.5.5 Harmful fins and burrs at the edges of holes shall beremoved.8.6 PunchingUnless otherwise specif
28、ied by the purchaser,the tie rod holes in Class A rails may be punched, and, when somade, they shall be free of burrs, fins, etc. Punched tie rodholes shall not be less in diameter than specified, but may benot more than18 in. (3.2 mm) over size.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 Rails shall
29、be straightened cold in a press or rollermachine to remove twists, waves, and kinks.9.2 Deviations in the vertical and horizontal alignmentthroughout the length of the rail shall be uniform. Sharpdeviations in either direction shall not be acceptable.9.3 Straightness shall be assessed by visual insp
30、ection.10. Inspection10.1 The manufacturer shall afford the purchasers inspectorall reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that thematerial is being produced and furnished in accordance withthis specification. Mill inspection by the purchaser shall notinterfere unnecessarily with the manufac
31、turers operations. Alltests and inspections shall be made at the place of manufacture,unless otherwise agreed to.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejections shall be reportedto the manufacturer or supplier prompt
32、ly and in writing. In caseTABLE 2 Product AnalysisAllowance Beyond Limits ofSpecified Chemical AnalysisAllowance Under MinumumLimit, %Allowance Over MaximumLimit, %Carbon 0.04 0.04Manganese 0.06 0.06Phosphorus . . . 0.008Silicon 0.02 0.02AAContinuously cast allowances shall be 0.05 % over maximum fo
33、r silicon.A2022of dissatisfaction with the test results, the manufacturer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.12. Certification12.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, amanufacturers certification shall be furnished to the purchaserthat the material was produced and tested in acc
34、ordance withthis specification and has been found to meet the requirements.12.2 When specified in the purchase order or contract, areport of the chemical and mechanical test results shall befurnished.12.3 A Material Test Report, Certificate of Inspection, orsimilar document printed from or used in e
35、lectronic form fromand electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall beregarded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed inthe certifiers facility. The content of the EDI transmitteddocument must meet the requirements of the invoked ASTMstandard(s) and conform to any existing EDI
36、agreement be-tween the purchaser and the supplier.12.4 Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the orga-nization submitting either a printed document (Material TestReport, Certificate of Inspection or similar document) or andEDI transmission is responsible for the content of the report.13. Accep
37、tance13.1 In order to be accepted, the rails offered shall fulfill allthe requirements of this specification.13.2 No. 2 rails to the extent of 10 % of the whole order willbe accepted.14. Product Marking14.1 Branding and Stamping:14.1.1 The name or brand of the manufacturer, the year andmonth of manu
38、facture, the weight of the rail, and the sectionnumber, shall be legibly rolled in raised letters and figures onthe web.14.1.2 The heat number shall be legibly stamped on eachrail where it will not be covered subsequently by the joint bars.14.2 Paint Marking:14.2.1 No. 2 rails shall be paint-marked
39、white.14.2.2 No. 1 rails less than 39 ft (11.9 m) long shall bepaint-marked green.14.2.3 Paint-marking shall be located on the top of the headat one end only, at least 3 ft (0.9 m) from the end.14.3 Bar Coding:14.3.1 The automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) BarCode Standard for Primary Metals for
40、 Steel Products may beconsidered as a possible auxiliary method of identification. Useof this method shall be by agreement between purchaser andsupplier.15. Loading15.1 Rails shall be handled carefully to avoid damage.15.2 Rails shall be placed together according to class inloading.15.3 Rails shall
41、be paired as to length before shipment.16. U.S. Government Procurement16.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order,material shall be prepared for shipment and storage in accor-dance with the requirements of Practices A 700.17. Keywords17.1 girder rails; rails; railway applications; steel ra
42、ilsSUMMARY OF CHANGES(1) Military standard references deleted in Section 2.(2) Edited footnotes on page 1.(3) Changed hardness spec. to an ASTM specification inSection 7.(4) Added EDI language in Section 12.(5) Added bar coding language in Section 14.(6) Deleted reference to military standard delete
43、d in Section16.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of s
44、uch rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for add
45、itional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to t
46、he ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A2023
