1、Designation: A 297/A 297M 08aStandard Specification forSteel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel,Heat Resistant, for General Application1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 297/A 297M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adopt
2、ion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel alloy c
3、astings for heat-resistant service. Thegrades covered by this specification are general purpose alloysand no attempt has been made to include heat-resisting alloysused for special production application.NOTE 1For heat-resisting alloys used for special product application,reference should be made to
4、SpecificationA 351/A 351M,A 217/A 217M,and A 447/A 447M.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues
5、 from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 217/A 217M Specification for Steel Castings, MartensiticStainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-able for High-Temperature ServiceA 351/A 351M Specification for Castings,
6、 Austenitic, forPressure-Containing PartsA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 447/A 447M Specification for Steel Castings,Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature ServiceA 781/A 781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,Common Requi
7、rements, for General Industrial UseA 957 Specification for Investment Castings, Steel andAlloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use3. General Conditions for Delivery3.1 Except for investment castings, material furnished tothis specification shall conform to the requirements of Speci-fica
8、tion A 781/A 781M, including any supplementary require-ments that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure tocomply with the general requirements of Specification A 781/A 781M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. Incase of conflict between the requirements of this specificationand
9、 Specification A 781/A 781M, this specification shall pre-vail.3.2 Investment castings furnished to this specification shallconform to the requirements of Specification A 957, includingany supplementary requirements that are indicated in thepurchase order. Failure to comply with the general require-
10、ments of Specification A 957 constitutes nonconformance withthis specification. In case of conflict between the requirementsof this specification and Specification A 957, SpecificationA 957 shall prevail.4. Ordering Information4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate thefollowing:4.1.1 A
11、 description of the casting by pattern number ordrawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on thecasting drawing),4.1.2 Grade of steel,4.1.3 Options in the specification, and4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired including thestandards of acceptance.5. Process5.1 Alloys shall be made by
12、 the following processes:electric-arc, electric-induction, or other approved processes.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2
13、008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A 297/A 297M 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to
14、the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Castings for heat-resistant service may be
15、shipped in theas-cast condition without heat treatment. If heat treatment isrequired, the treatment shall be established by mutual agree-ment between the manufacturer and the purchaser and shall beso specified in the inquiry, contract, or order.7. Chemical Composition7.1 Alloys shall conform to the
16、requirements as to chemicalcomposition prescribed in Table 1.8. Repair by Welding8.1 Except for Grade HG10MNN, the composition of thedeposited weld metal shall be similar to the composition of thecasting. For Grade HG10MNN, the filler metal to be used shallbe established by mutual agreement between
17、the manufacturerand the purchaser. All weld repairs shall be subjected to thesame inspection standards as the casting.8.2 Castings with major weld repairs shall be heat treated inaccordance with Section 6.8.3 Weld repairs shall be considered major when the depthof the cavity after preparation for re
18、pair exceeds 20 % of theactual wall thickness, or 1 in. 25 mm, whichever is smaller,or when the extent of the cavity exceeds approximately 10in.265 cm2.8.3.1 When Supplementary Requirement S7 is specified onthe purchase order, or inquiry, major weld repairs shall besubject to the prior approval of t
19、he purchaser.8.4 All other weld repairs shall be considered minor andmay be made at the discretion of the manufacturer withoutprior approval of the purchaser.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGrade TypeComposition, % (max, except where range is given)Carbon Manganese Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chromium Ni
20、ckel MolybdenumAOtherBHF 19 Chromium,9 Nickel0.200.40 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 18.023.0 8.012.0 0.50HH 25 Chromium,12 Nickel0.200.50 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 24.028.0 11.014.0 0.50HI 28 Chromium,15 Nickel0.200.50 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 26.030.0 14.018.0 0.50HK 25 Chromium,20 Nickel0.200.60 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 24
21、.028.0 18.022.0 0.50HE 29 Chromium,9 Nickel0.200.50 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 26.030.0 8.011.0 0.50HT 15 Chromium,35 Nickel0.350.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 15.019.0 33.037.0 0.50HU 19 Chromium,39 Nickel0.350.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 17.021.0 37.041.0 0.50HW 12 Chromium,60 Nickel0.350.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 10.0
22、14.0 58.062.0 0.50HX 17 Chromium,66 Nickel0.350.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 15.019.0 64.068.0 0.50HC 28 Chromium 0.50 max 1.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 26.030.0 4.00 0.50HD 28 Chromium,5 Nickel0.50 max 1.50 2.00 0.04 0.04 26.030.0 4.07.0 0.50HL 29 Chromium,20 Nickel0.200.60 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 28.032.0 18.022.0 0.
23、50HN 20 Chromium,25 Nickel0.200.50 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 19.023.0 23.027.0 0.50HP 26 Chromium,35 Nickel0.350.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 2428 3337 0.50HG10MNNJ9260419 Chromium,12 Nickel,4 Manganese0.070.11 3.05.0 0.70 0.040 0.03 18.520.5 11.513.5 0.250.45 Cu 0.50Nb(Cb)CN0.200.30ACastings having a specified
24、 molybdenum range agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser may also be furnished under these specifications.BNiobium (Nb) and Columbium (Cb) both designate element 41.CGrade HG10MNN shall have a niobium content of not less than 8 times the carbon, but not over 1.00 %.A 297/A 297M 08a2SUPPLE
25、MENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order. Alist of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included inSpecification A 781/A 781M. Those which are ordinarily considered suitable for us
26、e with thisspecification are given below. Others enumerated in A 781/A 781M may be used with thisspecification upon agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.S1. Magnetic Particle ExaminationS2. Radiographic ExaminationS3. Liquid Penetrant ExaminationS4. Ultrasonic ExaminationS5. Examination
27、of Weld PreparationS6. CertificationS7. Prior Approval of Major Weld RepairsS8. MarkingS9. Tension TestS9.1 One tension test shall be made from material repre-senting each heat. The bar from which the test specimen istaken shall be heat treated in production furnaces to the sameprocedure as the cast
28、ings it represents. The results shallconform to the requirements specified in Table S9.1.S9.2 Test bars shall be poured in separately cast keel blocksshown in Specification A 781/A 781M, unless the purchaseorder is for investment castings, in which case, test materialshall be poured in accordance wi
29、th the requirements ofSpecification A 957.S9.3 Tension test specimens may be cut from heat-treatedcastings; or from as-cast castings if no heat treatment isspecified for the castings, instead of from test bars when agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser or at theoption of the producer
30、 if suitable separately cast test material isnot available.S9.4 Test specimens shall be the standard round 2-in.50-mm gage length specimen shown in Specification A 370,unless the purchase order is for investment castings, in whichcase, the specimen shall be in accordance with SpecificationA 957.S9.5
31、 If the results of the mechanical tests for any heat do notconform to the requirements specified, the castings may bere-heat treated and re-tested, but may not be solution treated orre-austenitized more than twice.S9.6 If any test specimen shows defective machining ordevelops flaws, it may be discar
32、ded and another specimensubstituted from the same heat.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(A 297/A 297M 08) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Nov. 1, 2008.)(1) Revised paragraph 8.1, Table 1, and Tabl
33、e S9.1 to addGrade HG10MNN.Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (A 297/A297M 07) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 6, 2008.)(1) Corrected Table S9.1 to include HP data.TABLE S9.1 Tensile RequirementsGrade TypeTensil
34、e Strength,minYield Point,minElongationin2in.50 mm,min, %Aksi (MPa) ksi (MPa)HF 19 Chromium, 9 Nickel 70 (485) 35 (240) 25HH 25 Chromium, 12 Nickel 75 (515) 35 (240) 10HI 28 Chromium, 15 Nickel 70 (485) 35 (240) 10HK 25 Chromium, 20 Nickel 65 (450) 35 (240) 10HE 29 Chromium, 9 Nickel 85 (585) 40 (27
35、5) 9HT 15 Chromium, 35 Nickel 65 (450) . . 4HU 19 Chromium, 39 Nickel 65 (450) . . 4HW 12 Chromium, 60 Nickel 60 (415) . . .HX 17 Chromium, 66 Nickel 60 (415) . . .HC 28 Chromium 55 (380) . . .HD 28 Chromium, 5 Nickel 75 (515) 35 (240) 8HL 29 Chromium, 20 Nickel 65 (450) 35 (240) 10HN 20 Chromium, 2
36、5 Nickel 63 (435) . . 8HP 26 Chromium, 35 Nickel 62.5 (430) 34 (235) 4.5HG10MNN19 Chromium, 12 Nickel,4 Manganese76 (525) 33 (225) 20AWhen ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in thisspecification, the gage length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4 to 1.A 297/A 297M 08
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38、re entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional stand
39、ardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Commi
40、ttee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A 297/A 297M 08a4
