1、Designation:A350/A350M11 Designation: A350/A350M 12Standard Specification forCarbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring NotchToughness Testing for Piping Components1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A350/A350M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Departmen
3、t of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers several grades of carbon and low-alloy steel forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings andvalves intended primarily for low-temperature service and requiring notch toughness testing. They are made to specifieddimensions, or to dimensional stan
4、dards, such as the ASME and API Specifications referenced in Section 2. Although thisspecification covers some piping components machined from rolled bar and seamless tubular materials (see 5.3.3), it does not coverraw material produced in these product forms.1.2 No limitation on size is intended be
5、yond the ability of the manufacturer to obtain the specified requirements. However, Class3 of Grade LF787 is only available in the quenched-and-precipitation heat treated condition.1.3 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply
6、 onlywhen specified by the purchaser in the order.1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.1.5 The values stated in eit
7、her SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact quivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may resu
8、lt in non-conformance with the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General RequirementsA961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for PipingApplications2.2 ASME Standards:B 16.5 S
9、teel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings4B 16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Fittings4B 16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Ferrous Valves4B 16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded4B 16.30 Unfired Pressure Vessel Flange Dimensions4B 16.34 Valves-Flanged, Threade
10、d, and Welding End4B 16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges42.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section IX Welding Qualifications22.4 AWS Standards:A 5.1 Mild Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes5A 5.5 Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes51This specification is under the jurisdiction of A
11、STM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved Oct.March 1, 2011.2012. Publ
12、ished November 2011.April 2012. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 asA350/A350M101. DOI: 10.1520/A0350_A0350M-112.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-350 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, vi
13、sit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquart
14、ers, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.5Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes h
15、ave been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official d
16、ocument.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.5 API Standards:6600 Steel Gate Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends602 Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate V
17、alves for Refinery Use605 Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges3. Ordering Information3.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in the purchase order information necessary to purchase the needed material.In addition to the ordering information guidelines in Specification A961/A961M, orders sh
18、ould include the following information:3.1.1 The number of test reports required (see Section 14).3.1.2 Additional requirements (see Table 1 footnotes).4. General Requirements4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A961/A961M, including anysuppl
19、ementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the general requirements ofSpecificationA961/A961M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements of thisspecification and Specification A961/A961M, this specifica
20、tion shall prevail.5. Manufacture5.1 Melting ProcessThe steel shall be produced by any of the following primary processes: open-hearth, basic oxygen,electric-furnace, or vacuum-induction melting (VIM). The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining, andmay be followed by secondar
21、y melting using electroslag remelting (ESR), or vacuum-arc remelting (VAR).5.1.1 The steel shall be fully killed, fine-grain practice.5.1.2 The molten steel may be vacuum treated prior to or during pouring of the ingot.5.2 DiscardA sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedom from injurious pi
22、ping and undue segregation.5.3 Forging Process:5.3.1 Material for forgings shall consist of ingots, or forged, rolled, or strandcast blooms, billets, slabs, or bars.5.3.2 The finished product shall be a forging as defined in the Terminology section of Specification A788/A788M.5.3.3 Except for flange
23、s of all types, hollow, cylindrically-shaped parts may be machined from rolled bar or seamless tubularmaterials provided that the axial length of the part is approximately parallel to the metal flow lines of the stock. Other parts,excluding flanges of all types, may be machined from hot-rolled or fo
24、rged bar up through and including NPS4. Elbows, returnbends, tees, and header tees shall not be machined directly from bar stock.5.4 Heat Treatment:5.4.1 After hot working and before reheating for heat treatment, the forging shall be allowed to cool substantially below thetransformation range.5.4.2
25、Forgings of grades other than Grade LF787 shall be furnished in the normalized, or in the normalized and tempered, orin the quenched and tempered condition described by the following procedures:5.4.2.1 NormalizeHeat to a temperature that produces an austenitic structure, holding sufficient time to a
26、ttain uniformtemperature throughout. Cool uniformly in still air.6Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Washington, DC 20005-4070, http:/api-ec.api.org.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, wt. %Grade LF1 Grade LF2 Grade LF3 Grade LF5 Grade LF6 Grade LF9 Grad
27、e LF787Carbon, max 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.30 0.22 0.20 0.07Manganese 0.601.35 0.601.35 0.90 max 0.601.35 1.151.50 0.401.06 0.400.70Phosphorus,max0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.025 0.035 0.025Sulfur, max 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.025 0.040 0.025SiliconA0.150.30 0.150.30 0.200.35 0.200.35 0.150.30 . 0.40 maxNick
28、el 0.40 maxB0.40 maxB3.33.7 1.02.0 0.40 maxB1.602.24 0.701.00Chromium 0.30 maxB,C0.30 maxB,C0.30 maxC0.30 maxC0.30 maxB,C0.30 maxC0.600.90Molybdenum 0.12 maxB,C0.12 maxB,C0.12 maxC0.12 maxC0.12 maxB,C0.12 maxC0.150.25Copper 0.40 maxB0.40 maxB0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 maxB0.751.25 1.001.30Columbium 0.02
29、 maxD0.02 maxD0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 minVanadium 0.08 max 0.08 max 0.03 max 0.03 max 0.040.11 0.03 max 0.03 maxNitrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.010.030 . . . . . .AWhen vacuum carbon-deoxidation is required by Supplementary Requirement S4, the silicon content shall be 0.12 % maxi
30、mum.BThe sum of copper, nickel, chromium, vanadium and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 % on heat analysis.CThe sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 % on heat analysis.DBy agreement, the limit for columbium may be increased up to 0.05 % on heat analysis and 0.06 % on product analysis
31、.A350/A350M 1225.4.2.2 Normalize and TemperSubsequent to normalize, reheat to 1100 F 590 C minimum, holding at temperature aminimum of 30 min/in. 30 min/25 mm of maximum thickness, but in no case less than 30 min. Cool in still air.5.4.2.3 Quench and TemperThe procedure for quenching shall consist o
32、f either (1) fully austenitizing the forgings followedby quenching in a suitable liquid medium or (2) using a multiple stage procedure whereby the forging is first fully austenitizedand rapidly cooled, then reheated to partially reaustenitize, followed by quenching in a suitable liquid medium. All q
33、uenchedforgings shall be tempered by reheating to a temperature between 1100 F 590 C and the lower transformation temperature,holding at temperature a minimum of 30 min/in. 30 min/25 mm of maximum thickness but in no case less than 30 min. Coolin still air.5.4.3 Grade LF787 forgings shall be furnish
34、ed in either the normalized-and-precipitation heat treated condition or in thequenched-and-precipitation heat treated condition. The heat treatment procedures shall be as follows:5.4.3.1 Normalized-and-Precipitation Heat TreatedHeat to a temperature in the range from 1600 to 1725 F 870 to 940 C,hold
35、 at the temperature for a time sufficient to attain uniform temperature throughout, soak at the temperature for not less than12h, and remove from the furnace and cool in air. Subsequently, heat to a temperature in the range from 1000 to 1200 F 540 to650 C, soak at the temperature for not less than12
36、 h, and cool at any convenient rate.5.4.3.2 Quenched-and-Precipitation Heat TreatedHeat to a temperature in the range from 1600 to 1725 F 870 to 940 C,hold at the temperature for a time sufficient to attain uniform temperature throughout, soak at the temperature for not less than12h and quench in a
37、suitable liquid medium by immersion; reheat to a temperature in the range from 1000 to 1225 F 540 to 665C, hold at the temperature for not less than12 h, and cool at any convenient rate.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Heat Analysis:6.1.1 A chemical heat analysis in accordance with Specification A961/A961
38、M shall be made and conform to the requirementsas to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. Leaded steels shall not be permitted.6.2 Product Analysis:6.2.1 The purchaser may make a product analysis on products supplied to this specification in accordance with SpecificationA961/A961M.7. Mechanic
39、al Properties7.1 Tension Tests:7.1.1 RequirementsThe material shall conform to requirements for tensile properties in Table 2.7.1.1.1 The test specimen shall be obtained from a rough or finished forging, or prolongation thereof. For forgings under 10 000lbs, at time of heat treatment, it may be obta
40、ined from separately forged test blanks from the same heat of steel as the productionforgings. The test blank shall be reduced by forging in a manner similar to that for the products represented, and shall receiveapproximately the same hot working and reduction and the same heat treatment as the fin
41、ished products represented. The testmaterial shall be treated in the same furnace at the same time as the forging it represents, subject to the requirements of 7.1.2.1.TABLE 2 Tensile Properties at Room TemperatureAGradesLF1 and LF5Class 1LF2Classes1 and 2LF3Classes 1and 2LF5Class 2LF6 LF9 LF787Clas
42、s 1 Classes 2and 3Class 2 Class 3Tensile strength, ksi MPa 608541558570954856557095485655669145563075100515690638843560565854505857595515655Yield strength, min, ksi MPaB,C30 205 36 250 37.5 260 52 360 60 415 46 315 55 380 65 450Elongation:Standard round specimen, orsmall proportional specimen,min %
43、in4D gage length25 22 22 22 20 25 20 20Strip specimen for wall thickness516 in. 7.94 mm and overand for all small sizes testedin full section; min % in 2 in.50 mm28 30 30 30 28 28 28 28Equation for calculating minelongation for strip specimensthinner than516 in. 7.94 mm;min % in 2 in. 50 mmt = actua
44、l thickness in inches48t +13 48t +15 48t +15 48t +15 48t +13 48t +13 48t +13 48t +13Reduction of area, min, % 38 30 35 40 40 38 45 45ASee 7.3 for hardness tests.BDetermined by either the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension under load method.CFor round specimens only.A350/A350M 1237.1.1.2 The
45、test specimen shall represent all forgings from the same heat and heat-treatment load whose maximum thicknessesdo not exceed the thickness of the test forging or blank by more than14 in. 6 mm.7.1.2 Number of TestsOne tension test at room temperature shall be made in accordance with 7.1.1.2 from each
46、 heat in eachheat-treatment load.7.1.2.1 If heat treatment is performed in either a continuous or a batch-type furnace controlled within 625 F 614 C of therequired heat-treatment temperature and equipped with recording pyrometers so that complete records of heat treatment areavailable and if the sam
47、e heat-treating cycles are used on the forgings represented by the tension test, then one tension test fromeach heat shall be required, instead of one tension test from each heat in each heat treatment load in accordance with 7.1.1.2.7.1.3 Test Locations and OrientationsThe test specimen shall be re
48、moved from the heaviest section of the forging or testblank, at locations described in 7.1.3.1, 7.1.3.2, 7.1.3.5 or as close to these locations as practical, subject to forging size andgeometry.7.1.3.1 For forgings or test blanks having a maximum heat-treated thickness, T, of 2 in. 50 mm or less, th
49、e longitudinal axisof the test specimen shall be taken at mid-thickness and its mid-length shall be at least 2 in. 50 mm from a secondall other heattreated surfaces, exclusive of the T dimension surfaces. (This is normally referred to as12 T by 2 in. 50 mm). by 2 in. 50 mm).See Fig. 1 for test specimen location in separately forged test blanks.7.1.3.2 For forgings or test blanks having a maximum heat-treated thickness, T, greater than 2 i
