1、Designation: A 414/A 414M 07Standard Specification forSteel, Sheet, Carbon, for Pressure Vessels1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 414/A 414M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers hot-rolled carbon steel sheetfor pressure vessels involving fusion welding or brazing.Welding and b
3、razing technique is of fundamental importanceand shall be in accordance with commercial practices.1.2 The following grades are included in this specification:Mechanical RequirementsGrade Yield Strength, min Tensile Strength, minksi MPa ksi MPaABCDEFG25303335384245170205230240260290310455055606570753
4、103453804154504855151.3 Hot-rolled carbon steel sheet is generally furnished incut lengths and to decimal thickness only. Coils may befurnished, provided tension test specimens are taken to repre-sent the middle of the slab as required by 5.1.4. The purchasershould recognize this may require cutting
5、 the coils to obtaintest samples and results in half-size coils. The sheet isfurnished to the following size limits:Width, in. mmThickness, in. mm Over 12 Over 3000.270 to 0.230 7.0 to 6.0 sheet (coils only)Under 0.230 to 0.057 6.0 to 1.5 sheet1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI u
6、nitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shallbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the spe
7、cifi-cation.1.5 Tolerances are found in General Requirements Specifi-cations A 568/A 568M and A 635/A 635M. The appropriateGeneral Requirements specification is applied based on thethickness and width of the product ordered.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 568/A 568M Specification for St
8、eel, Sheet, Carbon,Structural, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled andCold-Rolled, General Requirements forA 635/A 635M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural,High-Strength Low-Alloy, and High-Strength Low-Alloywith Improved Formability, G
9、eneral Requirements for3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information, as required, to describe the materialadequately:3.1.1 Designation or specification number, date of issue, andgrade,3.1.2 Copper bearing steel, when required,3.1.3 Sp
10、ecial requirements, if required,3.1.4 Conditionpickled (or blast cleaned), if required(material so ordered will be oiled unless ordered dry), and3.1.5 Dimensions, including type of edges.3.1.5.1 As agreed upon between the purchaser and theproducer, material ordered to this specification will be supp
11、liedto meet the appropriate standard or restricted thickness toler-ance table shown in Specification A 568/A 568M or Specifi-cation A 635/A 635M.NOTE 1Not all producers are capable of meeting all of the limitationsof the thickness tolerance tables in Specification A 568/A 568M orSpecification A 635/
12、A 635M. The purchaser should contact the producerregarding possible limitations prior to placing an order.3.1.6 Cast or heat analysis, or test report request, or both, ifrequired.NOTE 2A typical ordering description is as follows: “ASTM A 414,Grade A, Hot-Rolled Sheet, 0.100 in. 2.54 mm by 36 in. 91
13、4.4 mm by1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.19 on Steel Sheet and Strip.Current edition approved May 15, 2007. Published May 2007. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previou
14、s edition approved in 2006 as A 414/A 414M 06.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-414 in Section 11 of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book
15、of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.96 in. 2438 mm, cu
16、t edges.”4. Chemical Requirements4.1 Cast or Heat AnalysisThe analysis of the steel shallconform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.4.1.1 Unspecified elements may be present. Limits on ele-ments shall be as stated in Table 2.4.1.1.1 Each of the elements listed in Table 2 shall beincluded in t
17、he report of the heat analysis. When the amount ofan element present is less than 0.02 %, the analysis may bereported as “0.02 %.”4.2 Product, Check, or Verification AnalysisAnalysesmay be made by the purchaser from finished material repre-senting each heat.4.3 DeoxidationFor all grades, killed stee
18、l is required.See Table 1 and footnotes A and B.5. Mechanical Property Requirements5.1 Tensile Strength:5.1.1 RequirementsMaterial as represented by the testspecimen shall conform to the tensile requirements specified inTable 3.5.1.2 Number of TestsTwo tensile tests shall be madefrom the product of
19、each slab as rolled.5.1.3 Location and Orientation (see Fig. 1):5.1.3.1 Tensile test specimens shall be taken at locationsrepresenting the middle and back end of each slab as rolled.5.1.3.2 Tensile test samples shall be taken from the fullthickness of the sheet as rolled.5.1.3.3 Tensile test specime
20、ns shall be taken from a locationapproximately halfway between the center of the sheet and theedge of the material as-rolled.5.1.3.4 Tensile test specimens shall be taken with the axis ofthe test specimen perpendicular to the rolling direction (trans-verse test).5.1.4 Test MethodYield strength shall
21、 be determined byeither the 0.2 % offset method or by the 0.5 % extension underload method, unless otherwise specified.6. General Requirements for Delivery6.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A 568/A 568M
22、 or Specification A 635/A 635Munless otherwise provided herein.7. Workmanship7.1 The material shall be free from injurious defects (seeSpecifications A 568/A 568M or A 635/A 635M, as appropri-ate due to thickness).8. Finish and Appearance8.1 Surface Finish:8.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the mater
23、ial shall be fur-nished without removing the hot-rolled oxide or scale.8.1.2 When required, the material may be specified to bepickled or blast cleaned.8.2 Oiling:8.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, the material shall be fur-nished not oiled.8.2.2 When specified to be pickled or blast cleaned, themate
24、rial shall be furnished oiled. When required, pickled orblast-cleaned material may be specified to be furnished dry.8.3 EdgesUnless otherwise specified, mill edges shall befurnished on material that has not had the hot-rolled oxide orscale removed and cut edges shall be furnished on material thathas
25、 had the hot-rolled oxide or scale removed.9. Certification and Reports9.1 The manufacturer or processor shall furnish copies of atest report showing the results of the heat analysis andmechanical property tests made to determine compliance withthis specification.9.2 The report shall include the pur
26、chase order number, thespecification number and year date, product designation, grade,the heat number, and heat analysis and mechanical propertiesas indicated by the tension test.9.3 A signature is not required on the test report. However,the document shall clearly identify the organization submitti
27、ngTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition Weight % Heat AnalysisGrade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E Grade F Grade GCarbon, max 0.15 0.22 0.25 0.25 0.27 0.31 0.31Manganese, max 0.90 0.90 0.90 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.35Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035Sulfur, max 0.035 0.0
28、35 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035AluminumA0.020.08 0.020.08 0.020.08 0.020.08 0.020.08 0.020.08 0.020.08Silicon, maxA0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30Copper, when copper steel is specified, min 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20AThe steel shall be considered aluminum-silicon killed when the silicon
29、is between 0.15 and 0.30, otherwise it shall be considered aluminum killed.TABLE 2 Limits on Unspecified Elements (See 4.1.1)Copper, max %AHeat analysis 0.40Product analysis 0.43Nickel, max %AHeat analysis 0.40Product analysis 0.43Chromium, max %A,BHeat analysis 0.30Product analysis 0.34Molybdenum,
30、max %A,BHeat analysis 0.12Product analysis 0.13Vanadium, max %CHeat analysis 0.03Product analysis 0.04Columbium, max %CHeat analysis 0.02Product analysis 0.03AThe sum of copper, nickel, chromium, and molybdenum shall not exceed1.00 % on heat analysis. When one or more of these elements are specified
31、, thesum does not apply, in which case, only the individual limits on the remainingunspecified elements will apply.BThe sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 % on heatanalysis. When one or more of these elements are specified, the sum does notapply, in which case, only the individual
32、limits on the remaining unspecifiedelements will apply.CBy agreement, the heat analysis limits for vanadium or columbium, or both,may be increased up to 0.10 % and 0.05 %, respectively.A 414/A 414M 072the report. Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, theorganization submitting the report is re
33、sponsible for the contentof the report.9.4 A Material Test Report, Certificate of Inspection, orsimilar document printed from or used in electronic form froman electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall beregarded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed inthe certifiers facili
34、ty. The content of the EDI transmitteddocument must meet the requirements of the invoked ASTMstandard and the purchaser and supplier. Notwithstanding theabsence of a signature, the organization submitting the EDItransmission is responsible for the content of the report.10. Product Marking10.1 The na
35、me or brand of the manufacturer, heat and slabnumber, specification designation number, and grade shall belegibly and durably marked on each cut length sheet in twoplaces not less than 12 in. 300 mm from the edges. Cut lengthsheets, the maximum lengthwise and crosswise, dimensions ofwhich do not exc
36、eed 72 in. 1800 mm, shall be legibly anddurably marked in one place approximately midway betweenthe center and a side edge. The manufacturers test identifica-tion number shall be legibly and durably marked on each testspecimen. Steel-die marking of sheets is prohibited on material 0.250 in. 6 mm.10.
37、2 For coil product, the information required in 10.1 shallbe legibly and durably marked both on each coil and on a tagaffixed to each coil.11. Keywords11.1 carbon steel sheet; pressure vessel steels; steel sheetSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this s
38、tandard since the last issue,A 414/A 414M 06, that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 15, 2007.)(1) Section 1.3 revised to recognize the coils may be tested atmid-length without cutting the coil in half.(2) Table of sizes in 1.3 revised to agree with changes inA 568/A 568M and A 635/
39、A 635M.(3) Reference to A 635/A 635M added to 3.1.5.1 and Note 1.(4) Refernece to A 635/A 635M added to 6.1.(5) Section 9 on Certification and Reports has been modified.Section 9.1 has been made into two paragraphs and new 9.3and 9.4 added.(6) Section 10.1 has been modified to allow steel-die markin
40、gon material over 0.250 in. 6 mm.TABLE 3 Tensile RequirementsGrade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E Grade F Grade GTensile strength:min, ksi MPa 45 50 55 60 65 70 75310 345 380 415 450 485 515max, ksi MPa 60 65 70 75 85 90 95415 450 485 515 585 620 655Yield strength, min, ksi MPaA251703020533230352
41、40382604229045310Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, min, percent:Under 0.270 to 0.145 Under 7.0 to 3.8 26 24 22 20 18 16 16Under 0.145 to 0.089 Under 3.8 to 2.2 24 22 20 18 16 14 14Under 0.089 to 0.057 Under 2.2 to 1.5 23 21 19 17 15 13 13Elongation in 8 in. 200 mm, min, percent:Under 0.270 to 0.145 Under 7
42、.0 to 3.8 20 18 16 14 12 10 10AYield strength determined by the 0.2 % offset or 0.5 % extension under load methods.FIG. 1 Location of Test SpecimensA 414/A 414M 073Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue, A 414/A 414M 05, thatmay impact the
43、 use of this standard. (Approved March 1, 2006.)(1)InTable 1, silicon was changed to 0.30 max.(2)InTable 1, Note A was changed.(3)InTable 1, Note B was eliminated, as there are no ellipsisshown.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection w
44、ith any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible tec
45、hnical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful considera
46、tion at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr H
47、arbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A 414/A 414M 074
