1、Designation: A423/A423M 09Standard Specification forSeamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A423/A423M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers minimum-wall-t
3、hickness,seamless and electric-resistance welded, low-alloy steel tubesfor pressure containing parts such as economizers or otherapplications where corrosion resistance is important.1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished tothis specification are12 to 5 in. 12.7 to 127 mm in outsidedi
4、ameter and 0.035 to 0.500 in. 0.9 to 12.7 mm inclusive, inminimum wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions maybe furnished, provided such tubes comply with all otherrequirements of this specification.1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply totubing smaller than14 in. 3.2 mm in inside
5、 diameter or 0.015in. 0.4 mm in thickness.1.4 An optional supplementary requirement is provided and,when desired, shall be so stated in the order.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets.
6、 The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”designation of this specification is spec
7、ified in the order.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements forCarbon and Low Alloy Steel TubesE213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe andTubingE273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the Weld Zoneof Welded Pipe and Tubing3. Ordering
8、 Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following, as required, to describe the desired materialadequately:3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),3.1.2 Name of material (seamless or electric-resistance-welded tubes),3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),3.1.4 Manuf
9、acture (hot finished or cold finished),3.1.5 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness),3.1.6 Length (specific or random),3.1.7 Optional requirements (hydrostatic or electric test,13.7),3.1.8 Test report required (see Certification Section ofSpecification A450/A450M),3.1.9 Specification desi
10、gnation, and3.1.10 Special requirements and any supplementary require-ments selected.4. Manufacture4.1 Tubes made by the seamless process may be hot finishedor cold finished.5. Heat Treatment5.1 All tubes shall be normalized or given such heattreatment as may be necessary to conform to the requireme
11、ntsof this specification.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.7. Product Analysis7.1 An analysis of either one billet, one length of flat-rolledstock or one tube shall be made from each heat. The chemicalcomposition th
12、us determined shall conform to the requirementsspecified.7.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests oftwo additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes shallbe made. Both retests, for the elements in question shall meet1This specification is under the jurisdiction of A
13、STM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A423/A423M 95(20
14、04). DOI: 10.1520/A0423_A0423M-09.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-423 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStand
15、ards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.the requirements of the specif
16、ication; otherwise all remainingmaterial in the heat or lot (Note 1) shall be rejected or, at theoption of the producer, each billet, length of flat-rolled stock ortube may be individually tested for acceptance. Billets, lengthsof flat-rolled stock or tubes which do not meet the requirementsof the s
17、pecification shall be rejected.NOTE 1For flattening, flaring, and flange requirements, the term lotapplies to all tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wallthickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heattreatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include
18、only those tubes ofthe same size and from the same heat which are heat treated in the samefurnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnacethe number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shallbe determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table
19、2.NOTE 2For tensile and hardness test requirements, the term lotapplies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wallthickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heattreatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes ofthe same si
20、ze and the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnacecharge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shallinclude all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the same furnaceat the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed.8. Tensile Requirements8.1
21、 The material shall conform to the requirements as totensile properties prescribed in Table 3.9. Hardness Requirements9.1 The tubes shall have a hardness number not exceeding170 HB or 87 HRB.10. Forming Operations10.1 Tubes when inserted in the boiler shall stand expandingand beading without showing
22、 cracks or flaws.11. Mechanical Tests Required11.1 Tension TestOne tension test shall be made on aspecimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shallbe made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50tubes (Note 2).11.2 Flattening TestOne flattening test shall be made onspecime
23、ns from each end of one finished tube, not the one usedfor the flaring or flanging test, from each lot (Note 1).11.3 Flaring Test (Seamless Tubes)One flaring test shallbe made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, notthe one used for the flattening test, from each lot (Note 1).11.4 Flange
24、 Test (Welded Tubes)One flange test shall bemade on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not theone used for the flattening test, from each lot (Note 1).11.5 Hardness TestBrinell or Rockwell hardness testsshall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot(Note 2).11.6 Reverse Flattenin
25、g TestFor welded tubes, one re-verse flattening test shall be made on a specimen from each1500 ft 460 m of finished tubing.11.7 Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric TestEachtube shall be subjected to the hydrostatic test, or, instead of thistest, a nondestructive electric test may be used when spe
26、cifiedby the purchaser.12. General Requirements12.1 Material furnished under this specification should con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A450/A450M, unless otherwise provided herein.13. Product Marking13.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specific
27、ationA450/A450M, the marking shall include whether hot finishedor cold finished, and whether seamless or welded.14. Keywords14.1 seamless steel tube; steel tube; alloy; welded steel tubeTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsComposition, %Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3Carbon, max 0.15 0.15 0.06Manganese 0.55 max 0.5
28、01.00 0.701.40Phosphorus 0.060.16 0.04 max 0.020 maxSulfur, max 0.060 0.05 0.020Silicon 0.10 min . 0.55 maxCopper 0.200.60 0.301.00 0.250.45Chromium 0.241.31 . .Nickel 0.200.70 0.401.10 0.50 maxMolybdenum . 0.10 min 0.20 maxAntimony . . 0.050.15TABLE 2 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by theCon
29、tinuous ProcessSize of Tube Size of Lot2 in. 50.8 mm and over in outside diameter and0.200 in. 5.1 mm and over in wall thicknessnot more than 50tubesLess than 2 in. 50.8 mm but over 1 in. 25.4 mm inoutside diameter or over 1 in. 25.4 mm inoutside diameter and under 0.200 in. 5.1 mmin wall thicknessn
30、ot more than 75tubes1 in. 25.4 mm or less in outside diameter not more than 125tubesTABLE 3 Tensile RequirementsGrades 1 and2Grade 3Tensile strength, min, ksi MPa 60 415 55 380Yield strength, min, ksi MPa 37 255 33 230Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm,min, %25 35For longitudinal strip tests adeduction fo
31、r each132 in.0.8 mm decrease in wallthickness below516 in. 8 mmfrom the basic minimumelongation of the followingpercentage points shall bemade1.25A1.25AACalculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest wholenumber.A423/A423M 092SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary
32、requirement shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in theinquiry, contract, or order. Details of this supplemental requirement shall be agreed upon by themanufacturer and the purchaser.S1. Surface ConditionS1.1 If pickling or shot blasting, or both, are required, thisshall be specifically
33、stated in the order and shall be done at thepurchasers expense.ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements may become a part of the specification when specifiedin the inquiry or invitation to bid, and purchase order or contract. These requirements shall not beconsid
34、ered unless specified in the order and the necessary tests shall be made at the mill.S2. Additional Testing of Welded Tubing per ASMERequestS2.1 Each tube shall be subjected to an ultrasonic inspectionemploying Practices E273 or E213 with the rejection criteriareferenced in Specification A450/A450M.
35、S2.2 If Practice E273 is employed, a 100 % volumetricinspection of the entire length of each tube shall also beperformed using one of the non-destructive electric testspermitted by Specification A450/A450M.S2.3 The test methods described in the supplement may notbe capable of inspecting the end port
36、ions of tubes. Thiscondition is referred to as end effect. This portion, as deter-mined by the manufacturer, shall be removed and discarded.S2.4 In addition to the marking prescribed in SpecificationA450/A450M, “S2” shall be added after the grade designation.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has ident
37、ified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,A423/A423M 95 (2004), that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved November 1, 2009)(1) Added new Grade 3 to Table 1 and Table 3. Added newfootnote 3 to 1.1 and Table 1 and renumbered subsequentfootnotes.AS
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