1、Designation: A490M 14Standard Specification forHigh-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, forStructural Steel Joints (Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A490M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This spe
3、cification covers two types of quenched andtempered alloy steel, metric heavy hex structural bolts havinga tensile strength of 1040 to 1210 MPa.1.2 These bolts are intended for use in structural connec-tions comparable to those covered under the requirements ofthe Specification for Structural Joints
4、 Using ASTM A325 andA490 bolts, approved by the Research Council on StructuralConnections; endorsed by the American Institute of SteelConstruction and by the Industrial Fastener Institute.21.3 The bolts are furnished in nominal bolt diameters M12to M36, inclusive. They are designated by type denotin
5、gchemical composition as follows:Type DescriptionType 1 Medium carbon alloy steelType 2 Withdrawn in 2002Type 3 Weathering steel1.4 This specification is applicable to metric heavy hexstructural bolts and alternate designs as established by theResearch Council in its publication, Specification for S
6、tructuralJoints Using ASTM and bolts.1.5 For inch-pound bolts, see Specification A490.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to theTest Methods portion, Section
7、13, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to
8、 use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated,120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, HeatTreated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA490M Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts, Class
9、es10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints (Metric)A563M Specification for Carbon andAlloy Steel Nuts (Met-ric)A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE384 Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness ofMaterialsE
10、709 Guide for Magnetic Particle TestingE1444 Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingF436M Specification for Hardened Steel Washers (Metric)F568M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel ExternallyThreaded Metric Fasteners (Metric) (Withdrawn 2012)4F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Pro
11、p-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, and Rivets (Metric)F788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities ofBolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF959M Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type DirectTension Indicators for Use With Structural Fasteners(Metr
12、ic)F1136M Specification for Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Pro-tective Coatings for Fasteners (Metric) (Withdrawn 2011)4F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-chanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners1This specification is under the jurisdic
13、tion of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Nuts, Rivets and Washers.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as A 490M 12.DOI:10.1520/A0490M-14
14、.2Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E.Wacker Dr., Suite 700, Chicago, IL 60601-2001, http:/www.aisc.org3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume i
15、nformation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons
16、hohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1F2833 Specification for Corrosion Protective Fastener Coat-ings with Zinc Rich Base Coat and Aluminum Organic/Inorganic TypeF2328M Test Method for Determining Decarburization andCarburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded SteelBolts, Screws, Studs, and Nuts
17、 (Metric)G101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Re-sistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 ASME Standards:5B1.13M Metric Screw ThreadsB18.2.3.7M Metric Heavy Hex Structural BoltsB18.24 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Stan-dard for B18 Fastener Products2.3 ISO Standards:57412 Hexagon B
18、olts for High Strength StructuralBolting With Large Width Across Flats (Short ThreadLength)Product Grade CProperty Classes 8.8 and 10.92.4 IFI Standard6:IFI 144 Test Evaluation Procedures for Coating Qualifica-tion Intended for Use on High-Strength Structural Bolts3. Terminology3.1 Terms used in thi
19、s specification are defined in Termi-nology F1789, unless otherwise defined herein.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for bolts under this specification shall include thefollowing (see Note 1):4.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of bolts and accessories);4.1.2 Size, including nominal bolt diameter, thre
20、ad pitch,and bolt length;4.1.3 Name of product: metric heavy hex structural bolts;4.1.4 Type of bolt (Type 1 or 3). When type is not specified,either Type 1 or Type 3 shall be furnished at the suppliersoption;4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue;4.1.6 Other components such as nuts, washers, and
21、washer-type direct tension indicators, if required;4.1.7 Certification, if required (see Section 16); and4.1.8 Protective Coating per Specification F1136M, Grade3, if required. See 5.3.4.1.9 Protective coating per Specification F2833, Grade 1 ifrequired. See 4.3.4.1.10 Special requirements, if requi
22、red.4.1.11 For establishment of a part identifying system, seeASME B18.24.NOTE 1A typical ordering description follows: 1000 pieces M24 3 100 mm long, heavy hex structural bolt, Type 1, ASTM A 490 M 03;each with two hardened washers, ASTM F436M, Type 1; and one heavyhex nut, ASTM A563M, Grade DH.4.2
23、 Recommended Nuts4.2.1 Nuts conforming to the requirements of SpecificationA563M are the recommended nuts for use with SpecificationA 490M heavy hex structural bolts. The nuts shall be of theclass and have a surface finish for each type of bolt as follows.Bolt Type and Finish Nut Class and Finish1,
24、plain (uncoated) A563M10S, 10S3, plain (un-coated)1, coated in accordance withF1136M,Grade3orF2833 Grade 1A563M10S, 10S3coated in accordance withF1136M,Grade5orF2833 Grade 13, weathering steel A563M10S3, weathering steel4.3 Recommended Washers4.3.1 Washers conforming to Specification F436M are there
25、commended washers for use with Specification A490M5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6Available from Industrial Fastener Institute (IFI), 6363 Oak Tree Boulevard,Independence, O
26、H 44131, www.industrial-fasteners.org.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Type 1 BoltsAlloy SteelElement HeatAnalysis, %ProductAnalysis, %CarbonFor sizes through M30 0.300.48 0.280.50For size M36 0.350.53 0.330.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.045Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Alloying Elemen
27、tsAAAlloy Steel with Boron AdditionElement HeatAnalysis, %ProductAnalysis, %CarbonFor sizes through M30 0.30-0.48 0.28-0.50For size M36 0.35-0.53 0.35-0.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.045Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Boron 0.0005-0.003 0.0005-0.003Alloying ElementsAAASteel, as defined by
28、 the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be considered tobe alloy when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloying elementsexceeds one or more of the following limits: Manganese, 1.65 %; silicon, 0.60 %;copper, 0.60 % or in which a definite range or a definite minimum quantity of
29、 anyof the following elements is specified or required within the limits of the recognizedfield of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %, cobalt,columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, or anyother alloying elements added to obtain a desired allo
30、ying effect.TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements for Type 3 BoltsElement Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %CarbonSizes M20 and smaller 0.200.53 0.190.55Sizes larger than M20. 0.300.53 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.40 0.37Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Copper 0.200.60 0.170.63Chromium, min 0
31、.45 0.42Nickel, minor0.20 0.17Molybdenum, min 0.15 0.14A490M 142heavy hex structural bolts. The washers shall have a surfacefinish for each type of bolt as follows.Bolt Type and Finish Washer Finish1, plain (uncoated) plain (uncoated)1, coated in accordance withF1136M,Grade3orF2833 Grade 1coated in
32、accordance withF1136M,Grade3orF2833 Grade 13, weathering steel weathering steel4.4 Other Accessories4.4.1 When compressible washer type tension indicators arespecified to be used with these bolts, they shall conform toSpecification F959M, Type 10.9.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Heat TreatmentType
33、1 and Type 3 bolts shall be heattreated by quenching in oil from the austenitic temperature andthen tempered by reheating to a temperature of not less than425C.5.2 ThreadingThe threads shall be cut or rolled.5.3 Protective Coatings:5.3.1 When a protective coating is required and specified,the bolts
34、shall be coated with Zinc/Aluminum CorrosionProtective Coatings in accordance with F1136M Grade 3, bothchromium and non-chromium versions, or Specification F2833Grade 1, which have been qualified in accordance with IFI144.75.3.2 No other metallic coatings are permitted unless autho-rized by Committe
35、e F16. Future consideration of any coatingwill be based on a review of test results submitted to Commit-tee F16 in accordance with the requirements of IFI 144.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Type 1 bolts shall be alloy steel conforming to thechemical composition requirements in Table 1. The steel shallco
36、ntain sufficient alloying elements to qualify it as an alloysteel (see Table 1, Footnote A).6.2 Type 3 bolts shall be weathering steel conforming to thechemical composition requirements in Table 2. See GuideG101 for methods of estimating the atmospheric corrosionresistance of low alloy steel.6.3 Pro
37、duct analyses made on finished bolts representingeach lot shall conform to the product analysis requirementsspecified in Table 1 or Table 2, as applicable.6.4 Applications of heats of steel to which bismuth,selenium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added shallnot be permitted for bolts. Co
38、mpliance with this requirementshall be based on a statement on the steel certificate indicatingthat these elements were not intentionally added.6.5 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 HardnessThe bolts shall
39、 conform to the hardnessspecified in Table 3.7.2 Tensile Properties:7.2.1 Except as permitted in 7.2.2 for long bolts and 7.2.3for short bolts, nominal bolt diameters M24 and smaller havinga length of 214D and longer, and nominal bolt diameters largerthan M24 having a length of 3D and longer shall b
40、e wedgetested full size and shall conform to the minimum andmaximum wedge tensile load, and proof load or alternativeproof load specified in Table 4. The load achieved during proofload testing shall be equal to or greater than the specified proofload.7.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full-size
41、 testingimpractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shallconform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When boltsare tested by both full-size and machined specimen methods,the full-size test shall take precedence.7.2.3 Nominal bolt diameters M24 and smaller having alength shorter than 21
42、4D down to 2D inclusive, which cannotbe wedge tensile tested shall be axially tension tested full sizeand shall conform to the minimum tensile load and proof loador alternate proof load specified in Table 4. Nominal boltdiameters M24 and smaller having a length shorter than 2Dwhich cannot be axially
43、 tensile tested shall be qualified on thebasis of hardness.7.2.4 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests areperformed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall takeprecedence in the event of low hardness readings.8. Carburization/Decarburization8.1 DefinitionThis test is intended to
44、 evaluate the pres-ence or absence of carburization and decarburization as deter-mined by the difference in microhardness near the surface andcore.8.2 Requirements:8.2.1 CarburizationThe bolts shall show no evidence of acarburized surface when evaluated in accordance with thehardness methods establi
45、shed in Test Method F2328M.8.2.2 DecarburizationHardness value differences shallnot exceed the requirements set forth for decarburization inTest Method F2328M materials.8.3 ProcedureTesting for carburization/decarburizationshall be performed in accordance with the microhardness(referee) methods esta
46、blished in Test Method F2328M.7Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Reports RR:F16-1001, RR:F16-1002, andRR:F16-1003.TABLE 3 Hardness Requirements for Bolt SizesM12 to M36 InclusiveNominal BoltDiameter, mmLengthABrinell Rockwell
47、 Cmin max min maxM12 to M24, Less than 2D 311 352 33 38inclusive 2D and longer . . . 352 . . . 38Over M24 to M36, Less than 3D 311 352 33 38inclusive 3D and longer . . . 352 . . . 38AHeavy hex structural bolts M24 and smaller and shorter than 2D are subject onlyto minimum and maximum hardness. Heavy
48、 hex structural bolts larger than M24to M36 inclusive and shorter than 3D are subject only to minimum and maximumhardness.A490M 1439. Dimensions9.1 Head and Body:9.1.1 The bolts shall conform to the dimensions for heavyhex structural bolts specified in ASME B18.2.3.7M for nomi-nal bolt diameter M16
49、to M36 inclusive and ISO 7412 for sizeM12.9.2 Threads:9.2.1 Threads shall Metric CoarseThread Series as specifiedin ASME B1.13M, and shall have Grade 6g tolerance.9.2.2 The thread length shall not be changed from thatspecified for heavy hex structural bolts in ASME B18.2.3.7Mand ISO 7412 in 9.1.1. Bolts requiring thread lengths otherthan those required by this specification shall be ordered underSpecification F568M, Class 10.9 and 10.9.3.10. Workmanship10.1 The allowable limits, inspection, and evaluation of thesurface discontinuities, quench crack
