1、Designation: A709/A709M 16A709/A709M 16aStandard Specification forStructural Steel for Bridges1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A709/A709M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers carbon and high-strength low-alloy steel structural shapes, plates, and bars and quenched andtempered a
3、lloy steel for structural plates intended for use in bridges. Seven grades are available in four yield strength levels asfollows:Grade U.S. SI Yield Strength, ksi MPa36 250 36 25050 345 50 34550S 345S 50 34550W 345W 50 345HPS 50W HPS 345W 50 345HPS 70W HPS 485W 70 485HPS 100W HPS 690W 100 6901.1.1 G
4、rades 36 250, 50 345, 50S 345S, and 50W 345W are also included in Specifications A36/A36M, A572/A572M,A992/A992M, and A588/A588M, respectively. When the requirements of Table 9 or Table 10 or the supplementary requirementsof this specification are specified, they exceed the requirements of Specifica
5、tions A36/A36M, A572/A572M, A992/A992M, andA588/A588M.1.1.2 Grades 50W 345W, HPS 50W HPS 345W, HPS 70W HPS 485W, and HPS 100W HPS 690W have enhancedatmospheric corrosion resistance (see 13.1.2). Product availability is shown in Table 1.1.2 Grade HPS 70W HPS 485W or HPS 100W HPS 690W shall not be sub
6、stituted for Grades 36 250, 50 345, 50S345S, 50W 345W, or HPS 50W HPS 345W. Grade 50W 345W, or HPS 50W HPS 345W shall not be substituted forGrades 36 250, 50 345 or 50S 345S without agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.1.3 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding
7、procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended useor service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification A6/A6M for information on weldability.1.4 For structural products to be used as tension components requiring notch toughness testing, standardized requirements areprovided in this
8、standard, and they are based upon American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials(AASHTO) requirements for both fracture critical and non-fracture critical members.1.5 Supplementary requirements are available but shall apply only if specified in the purchase order.1.6 The values s
9、tated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
10、1.7 For structural products produced from coil and furnished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only, the additionalrequirements, including additional testing requirements and the reporting of additional test results, of Specification A6/A6M apply.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standar
11、ds:2A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet PilingA36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit
12、tee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.02on Structural Steel for Bridges, Buildings, Rolling Stock and Ships.Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2016May 1, 2016. Published March 2016May 2016. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous e
13、dition approved in 20152016 asA709/A709M 15.A709/A709M 16. DOI: 10.1520/A0709_A0709M-16.10.1520/A0709_A0709M-16A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the
14、standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accu
15、rately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
16、 Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1A572/A572M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural SteelA588/A588M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel, up to 50 ksi 345 MPa Minimum Yield Point, withAtmospheric Corrosion Resi
17、stanceA673/A673M Specification for Sampling Procedure for Impact Testing of Structural SteelA992/A992M Specification for Structural Steel ShapesG101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:TABLE 1 T
18、ensile and Hardness RequirementsANOTE 1Where “. . .” appears in this table, there is no requirement.Grade Plate Thickness,in. mmStructural ShapeFlange or LegThickness, in. mmYield Point orYield Strength,Bksi MPaTensile Strength, ksiMPaMinimum Elongation, %Reductionof AreaC,Dmin, %Plates and BarsC, E
19、 ShapesE8 in. or200 mm2 in. or 50mm8 in. or200 mm2 in. or 50mm36 250 to 4 100, incl to 3 in. 75 mm, incl 36 250 min 5880 400550 20 23 20 21 .over 3 in. 75 mm 36 250 min 58 400 min . . 20 19 .50 345 to 4 100, incl all 50 345 min 65 450 min 18 21 18 21F .50S 345S G all 5065345450H,I65 450H min . . 18
20、21 .50W 345WandHPS 50WHPS 345Wto 4 100, incl all 50 345 min 70 485 min 18 21 18 21J .HPS 70WHPS 485 Wto 4 100, incl G 70 485 minB 85110 585760 . 19K . . .HPS 100WHPS 690Wto 212 65, incl G 100 690 minB 110130 760895 . 18K . . Lover 212 to 465 to 100, inclMG 90 620 minB 100130 690895 . 16K . . LA See
21、specimen orientation and preparation subsection in the Tension Tests section of Specification A6/A6M.B Measured at 0.2 % offset or 0.5 % extension under load as described in Section 13 of Test Methods A370.C Elongation and reduction of area not required to be determined for floor plates.D For plates
22、 wider than 24 in. 600 mm, the reduction of area requirement, where applicable, is reduced by five percentage points.E For plates wider than 24 in. 600 mm, the elongation requirement is reduced by two percentage points. See elongation requirement adjustments in the Tension Testssection of Specificat
23、ion A6/A6M.F Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm: 19 % for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm.G Not applicable.H The yield to tensile ratio shall be 0.87 or less for shapes that are tested from the web location; for all other shapes, the requirement is 0.85.I A maximum yield strength of 70 ksi 4
24、80 MPa is permitted for structural shapes that are required to be tested from the web location.J For wide flange shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm, elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm of 18 % minimum applies.K If measured on the Fig. 3 (Test Methods A370) 112-in. 40mm wide specimen, the elongat
25、ion is determined in a 2-in. or 50-mm gage length that includes the fractureand shows the greatest elongation.L 40 % minimum applies if measured on the Fig 3 (Test Methods A370) 112-in. 40-mm wide specimen; 50 % minimum applies if measured on the Fig. 4 (Test MethodsA370) 12-in. 12.5-mm round specim
26、en.M Not applicable to Fracture Critical Tension Components (see Table 10).TABLE 2 Grade 36 250 Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)NOTE 1Where “. . .” appears in this table there is no requirement. The heat analysis for manganese shall be determined and reported as describedin the Heat Analysis se
27、ction of Specification A6/A6M.Product Thickness,in. mm ShapesA AllPlates 15 in. 380 mm WidthB Bars, Plates #15 in. 380 mm WidthBTo 34 20,inclOver 34 to 11220 to 40, inclOver 112 to 21240 to 65, inclOver 212 to 4 65to 100, incl To 34 20, inclOver 34 to 11220 to 40, inclOver 112 to 440 to 100,inclCarb
28、on, max, % 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.26 0.27 0.28Manganese, % . . 0.801.20 0.801.20 0.851.20 . 0.600.90 0.600.90Phosphorus, max, % 0.04 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.04 0.04 0.04Sulfur, max, % 0.05 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.05 0.05 0.05Silicon, % 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.150.40 0.150.40 0.40 max 0.
29、40 max 0.40 maxCopper, min, % whencopper steel is specified0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20A Manganese content of 0.85 to 1.35 % and silicon content of 0.15 to 0.40 % is required for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm.B For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximu
30、m, an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximumof 1.35 %.A709/A709M 16a23.1.1 fracture critical membera main load-carrying tension member or tension component of a bending member whose failurewould be expected to cause collapse of a structure or bridg
31、e without multiple, redundant load paths.3.1.2 main load-carrying membera steel member designed to carry primary design loads, including dead, live, impact, andother loads.3.1.3 non-fracture critical membera main load-carrying member whose failure would not be expected to cause collapse of astructur
32、e or bridge with multiple, redundant load paths.3.1.4 non-tension componenta steel member that is not in tension under any design loading.3.1.5 secondary membera steel member used for aligning and bracing of main load-carrying members, or for attachingutilities, signs, or other items to them, but no
33、t to directly support primary design loads3.1.6 tension componenta part or element of a fracture critical or non-fracture critical member that is in tension under variousdesign loadings.4. Ordering Requirements4.1 In addition to the items listed in the ordering information section of Specification A
34、6/A6M, the following items should beconsidered if applicable:4.1.1 Type of component (tension or non-tension, fracture critical or non-fracture critical) (see Section 10).4.2 Impact testing temperature zone (see Table 8).5. General Requirements for Delivery5.1 Structural products furnished under thi
35、s specification shall conform to the requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A6/A6M, for the specific structural product ordered, unless a conflict exists in which case this specification shallprevail.TABLE 3 Grade 50 345 Chemical RequirementsA (Heat Analysis)SiliconDColumbium,Vanadium,a
36、nd NitrogenMaximumDiameter,Thickness, orDistance BetweenParallel Faces,in. mmCarbon,max, %Manganese,Bmax, %Phosphorus,Cmax, %Sulfur,Cmax, %Plates to 112-in. 40-mm Thick,Shapes with flange or legthickness to 3 in. 75 mminclusive, Sheet Piling, Bars,Zees, and Rolled Tees, max, %Plates Over 112-in. 40-
37、mmThick and Shapes withflange thickness over 3 in.75 mm, %4 100 0.23 1.35 0.030 0.030 0.40 0.150.40 See Table 4A Copper when specified shall have a minimum content of 0.20 % by heat analysis (0.18 % by product analysis).B Manganese, minimum by heat analysis of 0.80 % (0.75 % by product analysis) sha
38、ll be required for all plates over 38 in. 10 mm in thickness; a minimum of 0.50 %(0.45 % by product analysis) shall be required for plates 38 in. 10 mm and less in thickness, and for all other products. The manganese to carbon ratio shall not be lessthan 2 to 1. For each reduction of 0.01 percentage
39、 point below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 percentage point manganese above the specifiedmaximum is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.60 %.C A maximum phosphorus content of 0.04 % and a maximum sulfur content of 0.05 % are permitted for the following materials: Structural shapes Ba
40、rs Plates with widths up to and including 15 in. 380 mmD Silicon content in excess of 0.40 % by heat analysis must be negotiated.TABLE 4 Grade 50 345 Alloy ContentTypeA Elements Heat Analysis, %1 Columbium 0.0050.05B2 Vanadium 0.010.15C3 Columbium 0.0050.05BVanadium 0.010.15CColumbiumplus vanadium0.
41、020.15D5 Titanium 0.0060.04Nitrogen 0.0030.015Vanadium 0.06 maxA Alloy content shall be in accordance with Type 1, 2, 3, or 5 and the contents ofthe applicable elements shall be reported on the test report.B Product analysis limits = 0.004 to 0.06 %.C Product analysis limits = 0.005 to 0.17 %.D Prod
42、uct analysis limits = 0.01 to 0.16 %.A709/A709M 16a35.2 Coils are excluded from qualification to this specification until they are processed into a finished structural product.Structural products produced from coil means structural products that have been cut to individual lengths from a coil. Thepr
43、ocessor directly controls, or is responsible for, the operations involved in the processing of a coil into a finished structuralproduct. Such operations include decoiling, leveling or straightening, hot-forming or cold-forming (if applicable), cutting to length,testing, inspection, conditioning, hea
44、t treatment (if applicable), packaging, marking, loading for shipment, and certification.NOTE 1For structural products produced from coil and furnished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only, two test results are to be reportedfor each qualifying coil. Additional requirements regarding
45、 structural products produced from coil are described in Specification A6/A6M.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 For all Grades, the steel shall be killed.6.2 For Grades 50W 345W, HPS 50W HPS 345W, and HPS 70W HPS 485W, the steel shall be made to fine grain practice.TABLE 5 Grade 50W 345 W Chemical Req
46、uirements (HeatAnalysis)NOTE 1Types A and B are equivalent to Specification A588/A588M,Grades A and B, respectively.Element Composition, %AType A Type BCarbonB 0.19 max 0.20 maxManganeseB 0.801.25 0.751.35PhosphorusC 0.030 max 0.030 maxSulfurC 0.030 max 0.030 maxSilicon 0.300.65 0.150.50Nickel 0.40
47、max 0.50 maxChromium 0.400.65 0.400.70Copper 0.250.40 0.200.40Vanadium 0.020.10 0.010.10A Weldability data for these types have been qualified by FHWA for use in bridgeconstruction.B For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified maximum forcarbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage poi
48、nt above the specified maximum formanganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50 %.CAmaximum phosphorus content of 0.04 % and a maximum sulfur content of 0.05% are permitted for the following materials: Structural shapes Bars Plates with widths up to and including 15 in. 380 mmTABLE 6 Grades HPS 50W HPS 345W and HPS 70WHPS 485 W, and HPS 100W HPS 690W Chemical Requirements(Heat Analysis)NOTE 1Where “. . .” appears in this table, there is no requirement.ElementComposition, %GradesHPS 50W HPS345W,HPS 70W HPS485WGradeHPS 100W HPS690WCarbon 0.11 max 0.08 maxManganese2.5 in. 65 m
