1、Designation: A805/A805M 09 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Specification forSteel, Flat Wire, Carbon, Cold-Rolled1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A805/A805M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers carb
3、on steel flat wire in coilsor cut lengths. Flat wire is classified as a cold-rolled section,rectangular in shape, 0.500 in. 12.7 mm or less in width andunder 0.250 in. 6.35 mm in thickness.1.2 Low-carbon steel flat wire is produced from steelcompositions with a maximum carbon content of 0.25 % bycas
4、t or heat analysis.1.3 Carbon spring steel flat wire is produced to a carbonrange in which the specified or required maximum is over0.25 % by cast or heat analysis.1.3.1 Two types of carbon spring steel flat wire are pro-duced:1.3.1.1 Untempered cold-rolled carbon spring steel flatwire, produced to
5、several desirable combinations of propertiesand1.3.1.2 Hardened and tempered carbon spring steel wire.1.4 Definite application flat wire is a product developed fora specific application and may be specified only by size anddescriptive name.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
6、are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units areshown in brackets. The values stated in each system are notexact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systemsmay result in non-conformance with this specification.2
7、. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rodsand Coarse Round Wire, Carbon SteelA510M Specification for General Requirements for WireRods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
8、 (Metric)(Withdrawn 2011)3A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content ofSteelE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals RelationshipAmong Brinell Hardn
9、ess, Vickers Hardness, RockwellHardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Sclero-scope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness2.2 Military Standard:4MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.3 Federal Standard:4Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.4 SAE Standard:5Recommended Practic
10、e SAE J 419 Methods of MeasuringDecarburization3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 annealingthe process of heating to and holding at asuitable temperature and then cooling at a suitable rate, forsuch purposes as reducing hardness, facilitating cold working,producin
11、g a desired microstructure, or obtaining desiredmechanical, physical, or other properties.3.1.2 batch annealingannealing that is generally per-formed in large cylindrical bell type or large rectangular box orcar-type furnaces. The product is protected from scaling anddecarburization by the use of a
12、controlled atmosphere thatenvelops the charge in an inner chamber sealed to prevent theinflux of air or products of combustion. The coils or bundles1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subco
13、mmitteeA01.19 on Steel Sheet and Strip.Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A805/A805M 09.DOI: 10.1520/A0805_A0805M-09R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cu
14、stomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bl
15、dg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.5Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Internati
16、onal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1are heated to a temperature in the vicinity of the lower criticaltemperature for the grade of steel, and held at that temperaturefor a definite length of time; after which the steel is allowed tocool slowly to
17、room temperature. The time of holding at theannealing temperature varies with the grade of the steel and thedesired degree of softness.3.1.3 continuous or strand annealingannealing that con-sists of passing a number of individual strands of flat wirecontinuously through either a muffle furnace or a
18、bath ofmolten lead or salt, thus heating the flat wire to the desiredtemperature for a definite time. The hardness obtained by thistype of annealing, as measured by Rockwell hardness number,is normally somewhat higher than is secured by batch-typeannealing. Other characteristics peculiar to strandan
19、nealedsteel require this type of annealing for some flat wire products.3.1.4 salt annealingannealing that is accomplished byimmersing bundles or coils of flat wire in a molten salt bath ata desired temperature for a definite time. Following theannealing, the coils are permitted to cool slowly, after
20、 whichthey are immersed in hot water to remove any adhering salts.3.1.5 spheroidize annealingan operation consisting ofprolonged heating and prolonged cooling cycles to produce aglobular or spheroidal condition of the carbide for maximumsoftness.3.1.6 cold reductionthe process of reducing the thickn
21、essof the strip at room temperature. The amount of reduction isgreater than that used in skin-rolling.3.1.7 finishthe degree of smoothness or lustre of the flatwire. The production of specific finishes requires specialpreparation and control of the roll surfaces employed.3.1.8 hardening and temperin
22、ga heat treatment for steelover 0.25 % carbon by cast or heat analysis involving continu-ous strand heating at finish size to an appropriate temperatureabove the critical temperature range, followed by quenching inoil and finally passing the strands through a tempering bath.This heat treatment is us
23、ed in the production of such commodi-ties as oil-tempered spring wire for use in certain types ofmechanical springs that are not subjected to a final heattreatment after forming. Oil-tempered wire is intended primar-ily for the manufacture of products that are required towithstand high stresses. The
24、 mechanical properties and resil-iency of oil-tempered wire provide resistance to permanent setunder repeated and continuous stress applications.3.1.9 patentinga thermal treatment usually confined tosteel over 0.25 % carbon. In this process individual strands ofrods or wire are heated well above the
25、 upper critical tempera-ture followed by comparatively rapid cooling in air, moltensalt, or molten lead. This treatment is generally employed toprepare the material for subsequent processing.3.1.10 skin-rolleda term denoting a relatively light cold-rolling operation following annealing. It serves to
26、 reduce thetendency of the steel to flute or stretcher strain during fabrica-tion. It is also used to impart surface finish, or affect hardnessor other mechanical properties.3.1.11 tempera designation by number to indicate thehardness as a minimum, as a maximum, or as a range. Thetempers are obtaine
27、d by the selection and control of chemicalcomposition, by amounts of cold reduction, and by thermaltreatment.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include thefollowing information, as necessary, to describe adequately thedesired product:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Name
28、of material (flat wire identified by type),4.1.3 Analysis or grade, if required (Section 6),4.1.4 Temper of low carbon or type of spring steel (Sections9, 10, and 11),4.1.5 Edge (Section 7),4.1.6 Finish or coating (Sections 14 and 12),4.1.7 Dimensions,4.1.8 Coil type and size requirements (Section 1
29、7),4.1.9 Packaging (17.1),4.1.10 Condition (oiled or not oiled) (14.4),4.1.11 ASTM designation and date of issue,4.1.12 Copper-bearing steel, if required,4.1.13 Application (part identification or description),4.1.14 Case or heat analysis (request, if desired), and4.1.15 Exceptions to the specificat
30、ion, if required.NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 18 000 lb 8000kg Low-Carbon Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Wire, Temper 4, Edge 4,Finish 2, 0.125 by 0.450-in. 3.18 by 11.4 mm vibrated coils, 2000 lb900 kg max, coil weight, 16 to 20 in. 410 to 510 mm ID, 36 in. 915mm max OD, Face
31、dimension 6 to 10 in. 150 to 250 mm, ASTMA805/A805M 09, for Stove Frames.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Low-carbon steel flat wire is normally produced fromrimmed, capped, or semi-killed steel. When required, killedsteel may be specified, with silicon or aluminum as thedeoxidizer.5.2 Untempered-car
32、bon spring steel flat wire is commonlyproduced from killed steel, although semi-killed steel is some-times used.5.3 Hardened and tempered carbon spring steel flat wirecustomarily has a carbon content over 0.60 %.5.4 Flat wire is generally produced from hot-rolled rods orround wire, by one or more co
33、ld-rolling operations, primarilyfor the purpose of obtaining the size and section desired and forimproving surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and varyingmechanical properties. Flat wire can also be produced fromslitting hot- or cold-rolled flat steel to the desired width. Thehot-rolled slit flat
34、steel is subsequently cold reduced. The widthto thickness ratio and the specified type of edge generallydetermine the process that is necessary to produce a specificflat-wire item.5.5 The production of good surface quality flat wire isdependent upon scale-free and clean wire, rod, or hot-rolledsteel
35、 prior to cold-rolling. Scale removal can be accomplishedby chemical or mechanical cleaning.A805/A805M 09 (2016)25.6 Edge rolls, machined with contour grooves, may be usedin conjunction with flat-rolling passes to produce the desirededge shape.5.7 Straightness in flat wire may be controlled by the u
36、se ofroll straighteners alone or in conjunction with cold-rollingpasses.5.8 Edges of flat wire produced by slitting wider flat-rolledsteel can be dressed, depending upon requirements by:5.8.1 DeburringA process by which burrs are removed byrolling or filing to obtain an approximate square edge;5.8.2
37、 RollingA process by which the slit edge is dressedby edge rolling to the desired contour; and5.8.3 FilingA process by which the slit edge is filed to aspecific contour and dimension by passing one or more timesagainst a series of files mounted at various angles.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Limits:6.1
38、.1 When carbon steel flat wire is specified to chemicalcomposition, the compositions are commonly prepared usingthe ranges and limits shown in Table 1. The elements compris-ing the desired chemical composition are specified in one ofthree ways:6.1.1.1 By a maximum limit, Tables 2-56.1.1.2 By a minim
39、um limit, or6.1.1.3 By minimum and maximum limits, termed the“range.” By common usage, the range is the arithmeticaldifference between the two limits (for example, 0.60 to 0.71 is0.11 range).6.1.2 When carbon steel flat wire is produced from roundrods or wire it may be designated by grade number. In
40、 suchcases the chemical ranges and limits of Table 6, Table 7, Table8, and Table 9 of Specification A510 shall apply.6.2 Cast or Heat Analysis:6.2.1 An analysis of each cast or heat of steel shall be madeby the manufacturer to determine the percentage of elementsspecified or restricted by the applic
41、able specification.6.2.2 When requested, cast or heat analysis for elementslisted or required shall be reported to the purchaser or hisrepresentative.6.3 Product Analysis may be made by the purchaser on thefinished material.6.3.1 Capped or rimmed steels are not technologicallysuited to product analy
42、sis due to the nonuniform character oftheir chemical composition and, therefore, the tolerances inTable 2 do not apply. Product analysis is appropriate on thesetypes of steel only when misapplication is apparent, or forcopper when copper steel is specified.6.3.2 For steels other than rimmed or cappe
43、d, when productanalysis is made by the purchaser, the chemical analysis shallnot vary from the limits specified by more than the amounts inTable 2. The several determinations of any element shall notvary both above and below the specified range.TABLE 1 Cast or Heat AnalysisElementStandard Chemical R
44、anges and Limits, %When Maximum of SpecifiedElement isRangeCarbonAto 0.15 incl 0.05over 0.15 to 0.30 incl 0.06over 0.30 to 0.40 incl 0.07over 0.40 to 0.60 incl 0.08over 0.60 to 0.80 incl 0.11over 0.80 to 1.35 incl 0.14Manganeseto 0.50 incl 0.20over 0.50 to 1.15 incl 0.30over 1.15 to 1.65 incl 0.35Ph
45、osphorusBto 0.08 incl 0.03over 0.08 to 0.15 incl 0.05SulfurBto 0.08 incl 0.03over 0.08 to 0.15 incl 0.05over 0.15 to 0.23 incl 0.07over 0.23 to 0.33 incl 0.10SiliconCto 0.15 incl 0.08over 0.15 to 0.30 incl 0.15over 0.30 to 0.60 incl 0.30CopperWhen copper is required 0.20 mini-mum is commonly specifi
46、ed.ACarbonThe carbon ranges shown in the column headed “Range apply whenthe specified maximum limit for manganese does not exceed 1.00 %. When themaximum manganese limit exceeds 1.00 %, add 0.01 to the carbon ranges shownabove.BPhosphorus and SulfurThe standard lowest maximum limits for phosphorusan
47、d sulfur are 0.030 % and 0.035 % respectively. Certain qualities, descriptions, orspecifications are furnished to lower standard maximum limits.CSiliconThe standard lowest maximum for silicon is 0.10 %.TABLE 2 Tolerances for Product AnalysisAElementLimit, or Maxi-mum of Speci-fied Element, %Toleranc
48、e, %UnderMinimumLimitOver Maxi-mum LimitCarbon to 0.15 incl 0.02 0.03over 0.15 to 0.40 incl 0.03 0.04over 0.40 to 0.80 incl 0.03 0.05over 0.80 0.03 0.06Manganese to 0.60 incl 0.03 0.03over 0.60 to 1.15 incl 0.04 0.04over 1.15 to 1.65 incl 0.05 0.05Phosphorus . . . . . . 0.01Sulfur . . 0.01Silicon to
49、 0.30 incl 0.02 0.03over 0.30 to 0.60 incl 0.05 0.05Copper . . . 0.02 . . .AWhen produced from round wire or rod the producer may use the tolerances forproduct analysis that appear in Specification A510 or A510M (see 6.3.3).TABLE 3 Thickness TolerancesSpecified Thickness in. mmTolerances for Speci-fied Thickness, Plusand Minus, in. mm0.005 0.13 to 0.010 0.25, excl 0.0005 0.0130.010 0.25 to 0.029 0.74, excl 0.001 0.030.029 0.74 to 0.0625 1.59, excl 0.0015 0.040.0625 1.59 to 0.250 6.35, excl 0.002 0.05A805/A805M 0
