1、Designation: A 807/A 807M 02e1Standard Practice forInstalling Corrugated Steel Structural Plate Pipe for Sewersand Other Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 807/A 807M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the c
2、ase of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTEEditorially corrected the term specification to practice in 3.2.4 in September 2002.1. Scope1.
3、1 This practice covers procedures, soils, and soil place-ment for the proper installation of corrugated steel structuralplate pipe, pipe-arches, arches, and underpasses produced toSpecification A 761/A 761M, in either trench or embankmentinstallations. A typical trench installation and a typical em-
4、bankment (projection) installation are shown in Figs. 1 and 2,respectively. Structural plate structures as described herein arethose structures factory fabricated in plate form and boltedtogether on site to provide the required shape, size, and lengthof structure. This practice applies to structures
5、 designed inaccordance with Practice A 796/A 796M.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of r
6、egulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsshall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem must be used independently of the other, withoutcombining values in any way. SI
7、 units are shown in brackets inthe text for clarity, but they are the applicable values when theinstallation is to be performed using SI units.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 761/A 761M Specification for Corrugated Steel Struc-tural Plates, Zinc Coated, for Field-Bolted Pipe, PipeArches,
8、 and Arches2A 796/A 796M Practice for the Structural Design of Cor-rugated Steel Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches for Storm andSanitary Sewers and Other Buried Applications2A 902 Terminology Relating to Metallic Coated Steel Prod-ucts2D 698 Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Character-istics of Soil
9、 Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft3600kN-m/m3)3D 1556 Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil inPlace by the Sand-Cone Method3D 1557 Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Character-istics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56 000 ft-lbf/ft32700kN-m/m3)3D 2167 Test Method for Density and Un
10、it Weight of Soil inPlace by the Rubber Balloon Method3D 2487 Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes(Unified Soil Classification System)3D 2922 Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)3D 2937 Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by
11、 theDrive-Cylinder Method33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of general terms used inthis practice, refer to Terminology A 902.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 archa part circle shape spanning an open invertbetween the footings on which it rests.3.2.2 beddingthe ear
12、th or other material on which a pipeis supported.3.2.3 haunchthe portion of the pipe cross section betweenthe maximum horizontal dimension and the top of the bedding.3.2.4 invertthe lowest point on the pipe cross section;also, the bottom portion of a pipe.3.2.5 pipea conduit having full circular sha
13、pe; also, in ageneral context, all structure shapes covered by this practice.3.2.6 pipe-archan arch shape with an approximate semi-circular crown, small-radius corners, and large-radius invert.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A05 on MetallicCoated Iron and Steel Products an
14、d is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA05.17 on Corrugated Steel Pipe Specifications.Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originallypublished as A 807 82. Last previous edition A 807 97.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.
15、08.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.7 underpassa high arch shape with an approximatesemicircular crown, large-radius sides, small-radius cornersbetween sides and invert, and large-radius invert.4. Significance and
16、Use4.1 Structural plate structures function structurally as aflexible ring that is supported by and interacts with thecompacted surrounding soil. The soil placed around the struc-ture is thus an integral part of the structural system. It istherefore important to ensure that the soil structure is mad
17、e upof acceptable material and is well constructed. Field verifica-tion of soil structure acceptability using Test Methods D 1556,D 2167, D 2922, or D 2937, as applicable, and comparing theresults with either Test Methods D 698 or D 1557, in accor-dance with the specifications for each project, is t
18、he mostreliable basis for installation of an acceptable structure. Therequired density and method of measurement are not specifiedby this practice, but must be established in the specificationsfor each project.5. Trench Excavation5.1 To obtain the anticipated structural performance ofstructural plat
19、e structures, it is not necessary to control trenchwidth beyond the minimum necessary for proper assembly ofthe structure and placement of the structural backfill. However,the soil on each side beyond the excavated trench must be ableto support anticipated loads. Any sloughed material shall beremove
20、d from the trench or compacted to provide the neces-sary support. When a construction situation calls for a rela-tively wide trench, it may be made as wide as required, for itsFIG. 1 Typical Trench InstallationFIG. 2 Typical Embankment (Projection) InstallationA 807/A 807M 02e12full depth if so desi
21、red. However, trench excavation must be incompliance with any local, state, and federal codes and safetyregulations.6. Foundation6.1 The supporting soil beneath the structure must provide areasonably uniform resistance to the imposed load, bothlongitudinally and laterally. Sharp variations in the fo
22、undationmust be avoided. When rock is encountered, it must beexcavated and replaced with soil. If the structure is to be placedon a continuous rock foundation, it will be necessary to providea bedding of soil between rock and structure. See Fig. 3.6.2 Lateral changes in foundation should never be su
23、ch thatthe structure is firmly supported while the backfill on eitherside is not. When soft material is encountered in the structureexcavation and must be removed to maintain the grade (limitsettlement) of the structure, then it must be removed, usuallyfor a minimum of three structure widths (see Fi
24、g. 4). A smallerwidth of removal can sometimes be used if established by theengineer.6.3 Performance of buried structures is enhanced by allow-ing the structure to settle slightly relative to the columns ofearth alongside. Therefore, when significant settlement of theoverall foundation is expected,
25、it is beneficial to provide ayielding foundation under structural plate structures. A yieldingfoundation is one that allows the structure to settle vertically bya greater amount than the vertical settlement of the columns ofearth alongside. It can usually be obtained by placing a layer ofcompressibl
26、e soil of suitable thickness beneath the structurethat is less densely compacted than the soil alongside. This isparticularly important on structures with relatively large-radiusinvert plates.6.4 For all structures with relatively small-radius cornerplates adjacent to large-radius invert plates (suc
27、h as pipe-arches or underpass structures), excellent soil support must beprovided adjacent to the small-radius corner plates by both thein situ foundation and the structural backfill. See Figs. 4 and 5.A yielding foundation must be provided beneath the invertplates for such structures when soft foun
28、dation conditions areencountered.6.5 The engineer is encouraged to develop details specific tothe site based on the general principles for foundation condi-tions given in 6.1 through 6.4.7. Bedding7.1 In most cases, structural plate structures may be as-sembled directly on in-situ material fine-grad
29、ed to properalignment and grade. Take care to compact the materialbeneath the haunches before placing structural backfill. Mate-rial in contact with the pipe must not contain rock retained ona 3 in. 75 mm diameter ring, frozen lumps, chunks of highlyplastic clay, organic matter, corrosive material,
30、or other delete-rious material. For structures with relatively small-radiuscorner plates adjacent to large-radius invert plates, it isrecommended to either shape the bedding to the invert plateradius or fine-grade the foundation to a slight V-shape. The soiladjacent to the corners shall be of an exc
31、ellent quality andhighly compacted to accommodate the high reaction pressuresthat can develop at that location. See Fig. 5.NOTE 1Section B-B is applicable to all continuous rock foundations.FIG. 3 Foundation Transition Zones and Rock FoundationsA 807/A 807M 02e137.2 Structures having a span greater
32、than 15 ft 4.5 m or adepth of cover greater than 20 ft 6 m should be provided witha shaped bedding on a yielding foundation. The bedding shouldbe shaped to facilitate the required compaction of the structuralbackfill under the haunches. A shaped bedding on a yieldingfoundation is always required und
33、er structures with small-radius corner plates adjacent to large-radius invert plates.8. Assembly8.1 Structural plate structures are furnished in componentsof plates and fasteners for field assembly. These componentsare furnished in accordance with Specification A 761/A 761M.Plates are furnished in v
34、arious widths and multiple lengths,preformed and punched for assembling into the requiredFIG. 4 Soft Foundation TreatmentFIG. 5 Bedding and Corner Zone Treatment for Large-Radius Invert Plate StructuresA 807/A 807M 02e14structure shape, size, and length. The plate widths form theperiphery of the str
35、ucture. The various widths and the multiplelengths can be arranged to allow for staggered seams (longi-tudinal or transverse, or both) to avoid four-plate laps. Thefabricator of the structural plate shall furnish an assemblydrawing showing the location of each plate by width, length,thickness, and c
36、urvature. The plates must be assembled inaccordance with the fabricators drawing.8.2 For structures with inverts, assembly shall begin withthe invert plates at the downstream end. As assembly proceedsupstream, plates that fall fully or partly below the maximumwidth of the structure are lapped over t
37、he preceding plates toconstruct the transverse seams.8.3 Arches have no integral invert and usually rest in specialchannels cast into, or connected to, footings. Channels must beaccurately set to span, line, and grade as shown on thefabricators drawing. When the arch is other than a half circle,the
38、channel must be rotated in the footing to allow for entranceof the plates. For arches with ends cut on a skew, the basechannels will also be skewed, but properly aligned across thestructure. All pertinent dimensions must be shown on thefabricators drawing. For arch structures, assembly begins atthe
39、upstream end and proceeds downstream, with each suc-ceeding plate lapping on the outside of the previous plate.Plates attached to the footing channel are not self-supportingand will require temporary support. Assemble as few plates aspractical, from the channels toward the top center of thestructure
40、, and complete the periphery to maintain the structureshape.8.4 Generally, structural plate should be assembled with asfew bolts as practical. These bolts should be placed loose andremain loose until the periphery has been completed for severalplate lengths. However, on large structures, it is pract
41、ical toalign bolt holes during assembly and tighten the bolts tomaintain structure shape. After the periphery of the structure iscompleted for several plate lengths, all bolts may be placed andtightened. Correct any significant deviation in structure shapebefore tightening bolts (see Section 10). It
42、 is advisable not totighten bolts on the loosely assembled structure within adistance of 30 ft 9 m of where plate assembly is ongoing. Allbolts shall be tightened using an applied torque of between 100and 300 ft-lbf 135 and 405 Nm. It is important not toovertorque the bolts.8.5 Standard structural p
43、late structures, because of thebolted construction, are not intended to be watertight. Onoccasions in which a degree of watertightness is required, it ispractical to introduce a seam sealant tape within the boltedseams. The tape shall be wide enough to effectively cover allrows of holes in plate lap
44、s, and of the proper thickness andconsistency to effectively fill all voids in plate laps. Generalprocedures for installing sealant tape are as follows: Onlongitudinal seams, before placing the lapping plate, roll thetape over the seam and work into the corrugations. Do notstretch the tape. Remove a
45、ny paper backing before making upthe joint. Seal transverse seams in a like manner with tape. Atall points where three plates intersect, place an additionalthickness of tape for a short distance to fill the void caused bythe transverse seam overlap. It is most practical to punch thetape for bolts wi
46、th a hot spud wrench or sharp tool. Severalhours after the bolts are initially tightened, a second tighteningwill usually be necessary to maintain a minimal torque leveland properly seat the plates. Since the seam sealant tape willcreep (flow) from the joint under higher torque levels, addi-tional t
47、ightening is not recommended.9. Structural Backfill Material9.1 Structural backfill is that material which surrounds thepipe, extending laterally to the walls of the trench, or to the fillmaterial for embankment construction, and extending verti-cally from the invert to an elevation of 1 ft 300 mm,
48、or18 thespan, whichever is greater, over the pipe. The necessary widthof structural backfill depends on the quality of the trench wallor embankment material, the type of material and compactionequipment used for the structural backfill, and in embankmentconstruction, the type of construction equipme
49、nt used tocompact the embankment fill. The width of structural backfillshall meet the requirements given in Table 1.9.2 Structural backfill material shall be readily compactedsoil or granular fill material. Structural backfill may be exca-vated native material, when suitable, or select material. Selectmaterial such as bank-run gravel, or other processed granularmaterials (not retained on a 3 in. 75 mm diameter ring) withexcellent structural characteristics, is preferred. Desired endresults can be obtained with such material with a minimum ofeffort
