1、Designation: A 984/A 984M 03Standard Specification forSteel Line Pipe, Black, Plain-End, Electric-Resistance-Welded1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 984/A 984M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, t
2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers electric-resistance-welded,black, plain-end, steel pipe for use in the conveyan
3、ce of fluidsunder pressure. Pipe in sizes NPS 1 to 26, inclusive, withnominal wall thickness 0.750 in. 19.1 mm or less, as given inASME B36.10M is included. Pipe having other dimensions, inthis size range, may be furnished provided such pipe complieswith all other requirements of this specification.
4、1.2 It is intended that the pipe be capable of being circum-ferentially welded in the field when welding procedures inaccordance with the requirements of the applicable pipelineconstruction code are used.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or in SIunits are to be regarded separately as
5、standard. Within the text,the SI units are shown in brackets. The values in each systemare not exact equivalents; therefore, each system is to be usedindependently of the other.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 450/
6、A 450M Specification for General Requirements forCarbon, Ferritic Alloy and Austenitic Alloy Steel TubesA 530/A 530M Specification for General Requirements forSpecialized Carbon and Alloy Steel PipeA 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA 941 Terminology
7、 Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys2.2 API Standard:API RP 5L3 Recommended Practice for Conducting Drop-Weight Tear Tests on Line Pipe32.3 ASME Standard:ASME B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe43. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor terminology used in this spe
8、cification,refer to Terminology A 941.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 electric-resistance welding, nelectric-resistancewelding is a process of forming a longitudinal seam whereinthe edges are pressed together mechanically after the heat forwelding has been generated by the r
9、esistance to the flow ofelectric current.3.2.2 lot, na quantity of pipe of the same ordered diam-eter, heat, wall thickness, and grade, as given in Table 1.3.2.3 specified outside diameter (OD), nthe outside diam-eter specified in the purchase order or the outside diameterlisted in ASME B36.10M for
10、the nominal pipe size specified inthe purchase order.4. General Requirements4.1 Pipe furnished under this specification shall conform tothe applicable requirements of Specification A 530/A 530Munless otherwise provided herein.5. Ordering Information5.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify
11、in thepurchase order all information necessary to purchase theneeded material. Examples of such information include, but arenot limited to, the following:5.1.1 Specification designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Quantity (feet or metres),5.1.3 Grade (standard or intermediate, see Table 2 and8.1.6),5.1
12、.4 Size (either nominal (NPS) or outside diameter andwall thickness),5.1.5 Length (see 12.4),5.1.6 End finish (plain-end beveled or special, see 13.1),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of S
13、ubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved September 10, 2003. Published October 2003. Origi-nally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A 984 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Servi
14、ce at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from The American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,Washington, DC 20005.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), AS
15、MEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.7 End use of the pipe,5.1.8 Special requirem
16、ents,5.1.9 Supplementary requirements, and5.1.10 Bar coding (see 16.3).6. Manufacture6.1 Pipe shall be manufactured by the electric-resistance-welding process. The entire pipe shall be normalized or theweld seam and its heat-affected zones shall receive a continu-ous in-line heat treatment above the
17、 Ac3temperature. Com-plete penetration and coverage of the weld seam and itsheat-affected zones by such heat treatment shall be confirmedby metallographic examination of weld area cross-sectionspecimens, taken at least once per eight hours per operatingshift, but more frequently if diameter or wall
18、thickness changesare made.6.2 The internal and external flash resulting from the weld-ing process shall be removed (see 14.1 and 14.2).7. Chemical Composition7.1 The steel for any grade, by heat and product analyses,shall contain no more than 0.22 % carbon, 0.015 % sulfur, and0.025 % phosphorus.7.2
19、The steel shall contain no more than 0.0007 % boron, byheat analysis.7.3 The carbon equivalent (CE) shall not exceed 0.40 %,calculated from the product analysis using the followingequation:CE 5 C 1 F Mn61Si241Cu151Ni201Cr 1 Mo 1 V 1 Cb!5# (1)where:F is a compliance factor that is dependent upon the
20、carboncontent, as given below:Carbon Content, % F Carbon Content, % FNPS 12 100 lengths 1TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade Yield Strength, Min Yield Strength,AMax Tensile Strength, Minpsi MPa psi MPa psi MPa35 35 000 240 65 000 450 60 000 41550 50 000 345 77 000 530 70 000 48560 60 000 415 80 000 55
21、0 75 000 51570 70 000 485 87 000 600 80 000 55080 80 000 550 97 000 670 90 000 620ASee 8.1.1.A 984/A 984M 032A = cross-sectional area of the tensile test specimen in in.2mm2, based upon the specified outside diameter orthe nominal specimen width and the specified wallthickness, rounded to the neares
22、t 0.01 in.21 mm2. Ifthe area thus calculated is greater than 0.75 in.2485mm2, the value of 0.75 in.2485 mm2 shall be used.U = specified minimum tensile strength, psi MPa.8.2 Impact Test:8.2.1 Except as allowed by 8.2.2, all sizes of pipe shall beCharpy V-notch tested in accordance with Test Methods
23、andDefinitions A 370. For pipe smaller than NPS 5, such tests shallbe longitudinal, taken 90 from the weld. For pipe NPS 5 andlarger, such tests shall be transverse, taken 90 from the weld.8.2.2 The basic specimen is full size Charpy V-notch.Where full size specimens, either conventional or containi
24、ngthe original OD surface, cannot be obtained due to a combi-nation of diameter and wall thickness, two-thirds size, half-size, or one-third size specimens shall be used. Where combi-nations of diameter and wall thickness do not permit thesmallest specimen size, there is no requirement for impacttes
25、ting. In all cases, the largest possible specimen size shall beused, except where such a specimen size will result in absorbedenergy values greater than 80 % of the testing machinecapacity.8.2.3 Where subsize specimens are used, the requirementsfor absorbed energy shall be the adjusted values obtain
26、ed bythe following relationships, with the calculated values roundedto the nearest foot pound-force joule:For23size: N 5 R 3 0.67 (3)For12size: N 5 R 3 0.50 (4)For13size: N 5 R 3 0.33 (5)where:N = adjusted value, ftlbf J, andR = value required by 8.2.4.8.2.4 For pipe smaller than NPS 5, the absorbed
27、 energyrequirement for full size specimens shall be 15 ftlbf 20 J. Forpipe NPS 5 through NPS 26, the absorbed energy requirementfor full size specimens shall be the value calculated using thefollowing equation, rounded to the nearest foot pound-force, or15 ftlbf 20 J , whichever is the greater.V ful
28、l size!5 Cx=DxS1.5(6)where:V = minimum average value required for full size speci-mens, ftlbf J,C = constant = 0.024 0.00036,D = specified outside diameter, in. mm, andS = 0.72 3 specified minimum yield strength, ksi MPa.8.2.5 The factor of 0.72 in 8.2.4 may be increased byagreement between the purc
29、haser and the manufacturer.8.2.6 Charpy impact testing shall be performed at 32F0C, unless a lower temperature is agreed upon between thepurchaser and the manufacturer.8.2.7 Each Charpy impact test shall exhibit at least 75 %shear area average for the three specimens.8.3 Flattening Test:8.3.1 The we
30、ld ductility shall be determined by tests on twofull-section specimens of at least 2 in. 50 mm long. Suchspecimens shall be flattened cold between parallel plates. Theweld shall be placed at 90 and at 0 from the direction ofapplied force (point of maximum bending). Except as allowedby 8.3.2, no crac
31、ks or breaks exceeding18 in. 3 mm in anydirection in the weld or in the parent metal shall occur on theoutside surface of the specimen before the distance between theplates is less than the value of H calculated using the followingequation:H 53.05t0.05 1 3 t/D!(7)where:H = distance between flattenin
32、g plates, in. mm,t = specified wall thickness, in. mm, andD = specified outside diameter, in. mm.8.3.2 Cracks that originate at the edge of the specimen andare less than14 in. 6 mm in any direction shall not be causefor rejection.9. Hydrostatic Test9.1 Each length of pipe shall be subjected to the h
33、ydrostatictest without leakage through the weld seam or the pipe body.9.2 Each length of pipe NPS 2 or larger shall be tested, bythe manufacturer, to a minimum hydrostatic pressure calcu-lated from the following equation:InchPound Units: P 5 2SStDD3 C (8)SI Units: P 5 2000StD3 C (9)where:P = minimum
34、 hydrostatic test pressure, psi kPa,S = specified minimum yield strength, psi MPa,t = specified wall thickness, in. mm,D = specified outside diameter, in. mm, andC = 0.60 for pipe NPS 2 through NPS 5,0.75 for pipe larger than NPS 5 through NPS 8,0.85 for pipe larger than NPS 8 through NPS 18,0.90 fo
35、r pipe larger than NPS 18.9.3 For pipe sizes smaller than NPS 2, the test pressuresgiven in Table 3 are arbitrary. For pipe in sizes smaller thanNPS 2 with wall thicknesses lighter than those listed, the testpressure for the next heavier listed specified wall thicknessshall be used. For intermediate
36、 specified outside diameters forpipe sizes smaller than NPS 2, the test pressures given for thenext smaller specified outside diameter shall be used.9.4 Where computed test pressures are not an exact multipleof 10 psi 100 kPa, they shall be rounded to the nearest 10 psi100 kPa.9.5 The minimum hydros
37、tatic test pressure required tosatisfy these requirements need not exceed 3000 psi 20 700kPa. This does not prohibit testing at a higher pressure at themanufacturers option. The hydrostatic test pressure shall bemaintained for not less than 5 s for all pipe sizes.A 984/A 984M 03310. Nondestructive E
38、lectric Test10.1 The weld seam of each length of pipe NPS 2 or largershall be inspected using a nondestructive electric test asfollows:10.2 Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic InspectionAnyequipment utilizing the ultrasonic or electromagnetic principlesand capable of continuous and uninterrupted inspecti
39、on of theweld seam shall be used. The equipment shall be checked withan applicable reference standard as described in 10.3 at leastonce every8hofinspection to demonstrate the effectiveness ofthe inspection procedures. The equipment shall be adjusted toproduce well-defined indications when the refere
40、nce standardis scanned by the inspection unit in a manner simulating theinspection of the product. The location of the equipment shallbe at the manufacturers option.10.3 Reference StandardsReference standards shall haveboth the outside diameter and the wall thickness within thetolerances specified f
41、or the production pipe to be inspected,and may be of any convenient length as determined by the pipemanufacturer. Reference standards shall be either full sectionsor coupons taken from the pipe. Reference standards shallcontain machined notches as shown in Fig. 1, one on the insidesurface and one on
42、 the outside surface, or a drilled hole asshown in Fig. 1, at the option of the pipe manufacturer. Thenotches shall be parallel to the weld seam, and shall beseparated by a distance sufficient to produce two separate anddistinguishable signals. The18-in. 3-mm drilled hole shall bedrilled through the
43、 wall and perpendicular to the surface of theTABLE 3 Hydrostatic Test PressureNPSDesignatorOD,in. mmWall Thickness,in. mmTest Pressure, Min,psi kPa1 1.315 33.4 0.133 3.4 700 48000.179 4.6 850 59000.250 6.4 950 66000.358 9.1 1000 6900114 1.660 42.2 0.140 3.6 1300 90000.191 4.9 1900 13 1000.250 6.4 20
44、00 13 8000.382 9.7 2300 15 900112 1.900 48.3 0.145 3.7 1300 90000.200 5.1 1900 13 1000.281 7.1 2000 13 8000.400 10.2 2300 15 900NOTE 1t = specified wall thicknessFIG. 1 Calibration StandardsA 984/A 984M 034reference standard as shown in Fig. 1. Care should be taken inthe preparation of the standard
45、to ensure freedom from fins orother edge roughness, or distortion of the standard.NOTE 1The calibration standards shown in Fig. 1 are convenientstandards for the calibration of nondestructive testing equipment. Thedimensions of such standards should not be construed as the minimumsize imperfection d
46、etectable by such equipment.10.4 Acceptance LimitsTable 4 gives the height of accep-tance limit signals in percent of the height of signals producedby the calibration standards. Imperfections in the weld seamthat produce a signal greater than the acceptance limit given inTable 4 shall be considered
47、defects.10.5 Surface condition, operator qualification, extent ofexamination, and standardization procedure shall be in accor-dance with the provisions of Specification A 450/A 450M.11. Number of Tests11.1 For pipe produced from coils, the flattening test inSection 10 shall be performed on pipe from
48、 each end of the coillength. In the event of a weld stop, the test shall be performedon each pipe end adjacent to the weld stop. For pipe producedin single lengths, the test shall be performed on each end ofeach length.11.2 Tension and impact testing shall be performed on a lotbasis, with the lot si
49、ze and sample sizes as given in Table 1.12. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations12.1 The dimensions and masses per unit length of some ofthe pipe sizes included in this specification are given in ASMEB36.10M. The mass per unit length of pipe having an inter-mediate specified outside diameter or intermediate specifiedwall thickness, or both, shall be calculated using the appropri-ate equation in 12.2.12.2 MassThe mass of a s
