1、Designation: B 170 99 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Specification forOxygen-Free Electrolytic CopperRefinery Shapes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the
3、requirements for twogrades of oxygen-free electrolytic copper wire bars, billets, andcakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidaldeoxidizers.1.2 Oxygen-free copper, as described herein, is defined ascopper containing oxygen not in excess of 0.0010 % (10 ppm).1.2.1 Grade 1 copper (UNS C10
4、100) corresponds to thedesignation OFE in Classification B 224.1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200) corresponds to thedesignation OF in Classification B 224.1.2.3 Grade 2 copper may be used to produce OFS desig-nation coppers corresponding to UNS C10400, C10500, andC10700.1.3 Although this specificatio
5、n includes certain UNS desig-nations as described in Practice E 527, these designations arefor cross reference only and are not specification requirements.In case of conflict, Specification B 170 shall govern.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values giv
6、en in parentheses are forinformation only, except for analytical measurements where SIunits are the norm.1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 13and Annex A1, of this specification. This standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associatedwith its use
7、. It is the responsibility of the user of this standardto establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior touse.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 5 Specification for High Conductivity Tough-Pitch Cop-per Refinery ShapesB 193
8、 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB 224 Classification of CopperB 577 Test Methods for Hydrogen Embrittlement of CopperB 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 50 Prac
9、tices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Precau-tions for Chemical Analysis of MetalsE 53 Test Methods for Determination of Copper in Unal-loyed Copper by GravimetryE 76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-CopperAlloys3E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forDetermination o
10、f Chemical CompositionE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definition of terms used shall be that found in Clas-sification B 224 and Terminology B 846.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material shall include the following informa-tion:4.1.1 ASTM
11、 designation and year of issue,4.1.2 Grade,4.1.2.1 Grade 1 copper, (UNS C10100), corresponds to thedesignation OFE in Classification B 224,4.1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200), corresponds to thedesignation OF in Classification B 224,4.1.3 Shape and size, and4.1.4 Quantity.4.2 The following options a
12、re available and should bespecified at time of order when required:4.2.1 Certification,4.2.2 Test reports,4.2.3 Piece identification,4.2.4 The amount of silver required in troy oz/short ton forsilver bearing (OFS) coppers,1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Coppera
13、nd Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.07 onRefined Copper.Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originallyapproved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as B 170 99.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
14、contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
15、 Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2.4.1 The addition of silver up to an average of 30 troyoz/short ton (0.102 %) will be considered within the specifi-cation, with no individual silver analysis to exceed 35 troyoz/short ton (0.12 %), and4.2.4.2 Copper with added silver cor
16、responds to the desig-nation OFS as shown in Classification B 224 and to coppersUNS C10400, C10500, and C10700 as defined by the agreedsilver content.5. Chemical Composition5.1 The composition of each grade shall be in accordancewith the requirements of Table 1.5.2 By agreement between purchaser and
17、 supplier, analysismay be required and limits established for elements notspecified in Table 1.6. Physical Properties6.1 Electrical Resistivity:6.1.1 The maximum mass resistivity for Grade 1 is 0.15176V g/m2(conductivity 101 %, minimum, International An-nealed Copper Standards, (IACS).6.1.2 The maxi
18、mum mass resistivity for Grade 2 is 0.15328V g/m2(conductivity 100 %, minimum, IACS).6.2 Embrittlement Test:6.2.1 Grade 1 shall withstand ten reverse bends withoutbreaking, in accordance with Test Method D of Test MethodsB 577.6.2.2 Grade 2 shall withstand eight reverse bends withoutbreaking in acco
19、rdance with Test Method D of Test MethodsB 577.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Standard Shapes and SizesThe copper shall be sup-plied in the form of wire bars, cakes, and billets (Note 1).NOTE 1For available shapes and sizes consult the manufacturerspublished list.7.1.1 Wire bars
20、covered by this specification do not conformin dimension to Specification B 5.7.2 Wire Bars:7.2.1 A variation of 5 % in weight, or7.2.2 A variation of14 in. (6.4 mm) in height, or width, orboth, or7.2.3 A variation of 1 % in length from the purchasersspecification shall be considered good delivery.7
21、.3 Cakes:7.3.1 A variation of 5 % in weight, or7.3.2 A variation of14 in. (6.4 mm) in height or width, orboth, from the purchasers specification shall be consideredgood delivery.7.3.3 Cakes may vary by 3 % from any listed or specifieddimension greater than 8 in. (203 mm).7.4 Billets:7.4.1 For billet
22、s up to 6 in. (152.4 mm) in diameter, avariation of 5 % in weight and 6116 in. (1.6 mm) in diameterfrom the purchasers specification shall be considered gooddelivery.7.4.2 For billets 6 in. (152.4 mm) and over in diameter, thediameter tolerance shall be +116 ,18 in. (+1.6 mm, 3.2 mm)for good deliver
23、y.7.4.3 By agreement between the manufacturer and thepurchaser a diameter tolerance of +0 in., 316 in. (+0 mm, 4.8mm) may be specified for billets 6 in. and over in diameter.7.4.4 Billets varying in length by 62 % from the listed orspecified length shall be considered good delivery.7.4.5 Billets sha
24、ll be straight within14 in. (6.4 mm) in 4 ft(1.22 m) as measured at the center of the billet.7.4.6 Billets shall not be cupped except by specific agree-ment at time of purchase.8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance8.1 Wire Bars, Billets, and CakesShall be substantiallyfree of shrink holes, porosity,
25、 cracks, cold sets, pits, inclusions,and similar defects.9. Sampling9.1 For routine sampling, the method of sampling shall be atthe discretion of the sampler.9.2 In the case of special requirements specified in thepurchase order or contract, the method of sampling shall be asagreed upon between the
26、producer, or supplier, and thepurchaser.9.3 In case of dispute, a sampling lot shall consist of allpieces in a shipment manufactured during a single productionperiod as defined and recorded by the manufacturer.9.4 Chemical CompositionIn case of dispute concerningchemical composition, each party shal
27、l select two pieces fromthe lot to be investigated.9.4.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled inthe presence of both parties by drilling five holes, approxi-mately12 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, at points equally spacedbetween the ends of the pieces.9.4.2 For wire bars or billets, these h
28、oles shall be along anapproximate center line, and with cakes, along an approximatediagonal line between opposite corners.9.4.3 The drilling shall be completely through each piece.Surface drillings shall be rejected.TABLE 1 Chemical CompositionAElement Grade 1 Grade 2Copper, min % 99.99B.Copper (inc
29、luding silver), min % . . . 99.95ppm, max ppm, maxAntimony 4 . . .Arsenic 5 . . .Bismuth 1 . . .Cadmium 1 . . .Iron 10 . . .Lead 5 . . .Manganese 0.5 . . .Nickel 10 . . .Oxygen 5 10PhosphorusC3 .Selenium 3 . . .Silver 25 . . .Sulfur 15 . . .Tellurium 2 . . .Tin 2 .Zinc 1 . . .AAnalytical uncertainty
30、 is not incorporated into the specified limits.BCopper is determined by the difference of impurity total from 100.CRefer to Section 13.B 170 99 (2004)29.4.3.1 The drill bit used shall be thoroughly cleaned priorto use. The bit shall be made from a noncontaminatingmaterial.9.4.3.2 No lubricant shall
31、be used, and the drill shall not beforced sufficiently to cause oxidation of the drillings.9.4.4 In case of a section more than 5 in. (125 mm) inthickness, drillings may be made from opposite sides for adepth of not less than 2 in. (51 mm) in each direction insteadof completely through each piece, b
32、ut, in other respects, thedrillings shall be conducted as previously described.9.4.5 The drillings from each of the four pieces are indi-vidually mixed and divided into three approximately equalportions.9.4.5.1 Each portion shall be placed in a sealed, noncon-taminating, package, and9.4.5.2 The twel
33、ve portions shall be individually identified,and9.4.5.3 Divided into three groups of four portion each, oneportion from each of the original four pieces; one group eachfor the manufacturer, the purchaser, and the umpire, if neces-sary.9.4.6 Sampling of individual pieces weighing over 1000 lb(453 kg)
34、 shall be by agreement between manufacturer and thepurchaser.9.5 OxygenIn case of dispute concerning oxygen content,each party shall select two pieces from the lot to be investi-gated.9.5.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled inthe presence of both parties. A single piece of adequate s
35、izeshall be cut from each of the four pieces by mutually agreeablemeans.9.5.2 Each piece shall be cut into three approximately equalportions. The twelve portions thus obtained shall be individu-ally identified.9.5.3 The twelve portions shall be divided into three groupsof four portions each, one fro
36、m each of the original four pieces;one group each for the manufacturer, the purchaser, and theumpire, if necessary.9.6 ResistivityIn case of dispute concerning mass resis-tivity, each party shall select two pieces from the lot.9.6.1 In the presence of both parties, and by mutuallyagreeable means, a
37、single sample of adequate size shall be cutfrom each of the four pieces and fabricated into a wire.9.6.2 Each coil shall be cut into three portions of approxi-mately equal length, and the twelve portions thus obtainedshall be individually identified.9.6.3 The twelve wires shall be divided into three
38、 groups offour wires each, one from each of the four original selectedpieces; one group each for the manufacturer, the purchaser, andthe umpire, if necessary.9.7 EmbrittlementIn case of dispute concerning freedomfrom embrittlement, sampling shall be described in 9.6.9.8 Variation in Weights or Dimen
39、sionsIn case of disputeconcerning weights or dimensions, the representative of themanufacturer and purchaser shall inspect all pieces wherephysical defects or variations in weights are claimed. If suchinspection is not practical, or if agreement is not reached, thequestion of fact shall be submitted
40、 to a mutually agreeableumpire.10. Number of Tests and Retests10.1 Number of Tests:10.1.1 The chemical composition, except for oxygen, shallbe determined as the mean of the observations from threereplicate analyses of each of the four portions.10.1.2 The oxygen content shall be determined as the mea
41、nof the results from the four test specimens.10.1.3 The mass resistivity shall be determined as the meanof the results from the four test specimens.10.1.4 The freedom from embrittlement shall be determinedas the mean of the results from the four test specimens.10.2 Retest:10.2.1 In case of dispute o
42、ne retest may be made by themanufacturer or the purchaser or both, under the conditions of10.1.10.3 Umpire Test:10.3.1 In the case where the retest does not settle thedispute, a second retest may be made by a third qualifiedlaboratory agreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.The second retest
43、 shall be made on the samples set aside forthis purpose.10.3.2 The umpire provision does not preclude other ar-rangements, by agreement or contract.11. Specimen Preparation11.1 Oxygen:11.1.1 The test specimen shall originate as a single piece ofappropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet from w
44、hich a0.25-in. (6.4-mm) test cube specimen is fabricated by meansagreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.11.1.2 The test specimen shall be etched with a solution ofnitric acid (HNO3) (1+1) for a time sufficient to produce avisible reaction.11.1.3 The test specimen is removed from the acid wi
45、thstainless steel, or platinum tipped, tongs, or forceps, and rinsedfour times with distilled or deionized water.11.1.4 The test specimen is covered with concentratedhydrochloric acid (HCl) for 5 min, rinsed four times withwater, blotted dry, dipped in acetone, and allowed to air dry.11.1.5 The test
46、 specimen is weighed to the nearest 0.1 mgand analyzed in a properly calibrated oxygen analyzer.11.2 Resistivity:11.2.1 Each test specimen shall originate as a single piece ofappropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet. The specimenshall be forged or hot rolled.11.2.2 The external oxide shall b
47、e removed and the speci-men cold drawn into a wire approximately 0.080 in. (2.03 mm)in diameter.11.2.3 The wire shall be annealed in an inert atmosphere atapproximately 500C (932F) for 30 min and cooled toambient temperature in the same inert atmosphere.11.3 Embrittlement (Bend):11.3.1 Each specimen
48、 shall originate as a single piece ofappropriate size cut from a selected bar, cake, or billet. Thespecimen shall be forged or hot rolled.B 170 99 (2004)311.3.2 The external oxide shall be removed and the speci-men cold drawn into a wire approximately 0.080 in. (2.03 mm)in diameter.11.3.3 The wire s
49、hall be annealed in an atmosphere contain-ing not less than 10 % hydrogen for 30 min at 850 6 25C(1517 to 1607F) and cooled to ambient temperature in thesame atmosphere.12. Test Methods12.1 For routine analysis, the analytical test method shall beat the discretion of the analyst.12.2 In the case of special requirements specified in thepurchase order or contract, the methods of analysis used shallbe as agreed upon between the producer, or the supplier, andthe purchaser.12.3 In case of dispute concerning the chemical composi-tion of Grade 1, except for ph
