1、Designation: B 194 08Standard Specification forCopper-Beryllium Alloy Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 194; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requir
3、ements forcopper-beryllium alloy plate, sheet, strip, and rolled bar. Thefollowing alloys are specified:2Copper Alloy Previously Used Commercial Nominal BerylliumUNS No.2Designations Content, %C17000 Alloy 165 1.7C17200 Alloy 25 1.91.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, Cop
4、per Alloy UNS No. C17200 shall be the alloyfurnished.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.4 The following hazard st
5、atement pertains only to the testmethod portions in the annex of this specification:1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and
6、 determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B 248 Specification for General Requirements for WroughtCopper and Copper-Alloy Plate, Sheet, Strip, and RolledBarB 601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copperand Copper AlloysWr
7、ought and CastB 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of MetallicMaterialsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering S
8、ystem (UNS)3. General Requirements3.1 The following sections of Specification B 248 constitutea part of this specification:3.1.1 Terminology3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture3.1.3 Dimensions, Weights, and Permissible Variations3.1.4 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance3.1.5 Sampling3.1.6 Number of Tests
9、 and Retests3.1.7 Specimen Preparation3.1.8 Test Methods3.1.9 Significance of Numerical Limits3.1.10 Inspection3.1.11 Rejection and Rehearing3.1.12 Certification3.1.13 Mill Test Report3.1.14 Packaging and Package Marking3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to thatreferenced in 3.1
10、above appears in this specification, it containsadditional requirements that supplement those appearing inSpecification B 248.4. Terminology4.1 For definitions of terms relating to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B 846.5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when p
11、lacing ordersfor product under this specification as applicable.5.1.1 Quantity,5.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS number (1.1),1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand CopperAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.01 on Plate,Sheet, and Strip.Current ed
12、ition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originallyapproved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as B 194 01e1.2The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E 527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix
13、“C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards D
14、ocument Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.3 Form of material: plate, sheet, strip, or rolled bar,5.1.4 Temper (7.1),5
15、.1.5 Dimensions: thickness and width, and length if appli-cable.5.1.6 How furnished: rolls, stock lengths with or withoutends, specific lengths with or without ends,5.1.7 Type of edge, if required: slit, sheared, sawed, squarecorners, rounded corners, rounded edges, or full-rounded edges(Specificati
16、on B 248, Section 5.6),5.1.8 Type of width and straightness tolerances, if required:slit-metal tolerances, square-sheared-metal tolerances, sawed-metal tolerances, straightened or edge-rolled-metal tolerances(Specification B 248, Section 5.3),5.1.9 Special thickness tolerances, if required (Specific
17、ationB 248, Table 3),5.1.10 Tension test or hardness as applicable (Section 8),5.1.11 Bend test, if required (Section 11),5.1.12 Grain size or grain count if required (Section 9 or10),5.1.13 Certification if required (see Specification B 248,Section 14),5.1.14 Mill Test Report, if required (see Spec
18、ificationB 248, Section 15),5.1.15 Specification number and year of issue, and5.1.16 Special tests or exceptions, if any.5.2 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S.government, this shall be specified in the contract or purchaseorder, and the material shall conform to the Supplementaryreq
19、uirements as defined in the current issue of SpecificationB 248.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the chemical requirementsspecified in Table 1.6.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits for unnamed elements may beestablished, by agree
20、ment between manufacturer or supplierand purchaser. Copper may be given as remainder, and may betaken as the difference between the sum of all elementsanalyzed and 100 %. When all elements in Table 1 areanalyzed, their sum shall be 99.5 % minimum.7. Temper7.1 Tempers available under this specificati
21、on are defined inPractice B 601. The standard tempers of product are asdesignated in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4. Plate is generallyavailable in the TB00 (A), TD04 (H), TF00 (AT), and TH04(HT) tempers.8. Mechanical Property Requirements8.1 For product less than 0.050 in. (0.127 mm) in thickness:8.
22、1.1 Tensile test results shall be the product acceptancecriteria, when tested in accordance with Test Method E8.8.1.2 The tensile strength requirements are given in Table 2,Table 3, and Table 4.8.2 For product 0.050 in. (1.270 mm) and greater inthickness.8.2.1 Rockwell hardness is the product accept
23、ance criteria,when tested in accordance with Test Method E18.8.2.2 The referee product rejection criteria shall be tensiletest results, when tested in accordance with Test Method E8.8.2.3 Rockwell hardness and tensile strength requirementsare given in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4.8.3 Product, as sp
24、ecified in 7.1, shall conform to therequirements specified in Table 2, in the solution heat-treated,or solution heat-treated and cold-worked conditions, and inTable 3, after precipitation heat-treatment or Table 4 in themill-hardened condition. Precipitation heat-treatment param-eters for Table 2 an
25、d Table 3 are shown in Section 12.9. Grain Size9.1 Material over 0.010 in. (0.254 mm) in thickness shallhave an average grain size in accordance with Test MethodE112, not exceeding the limits specified in Table 5. Thedeterminations are made on the separate samples and in a planeperpendicular to the
26、surface and perpendicular to the directionof rolling.10. Grain Count10.1 The grain count of a sample of material, in any temper,over 0.004 to 0.010 in. (0.102 to 0.254 mm), inclusive, inthickness shall not be less than the limits specified in Table 6.10.2 Grain count is the number of grains per stoc
27、k thick-ness, averaged for five locations one stock thickness apart.Grain count shall be determined in a plane perpendicular to thesurface and perpendicular to the direction of rolling.11. Bend-Test Requirements11.1 The optional bend test is a method for evaluating theductility of precipitation heat
28、-treated copper-beryllium strip inthin gages.11.2 When specified in the order (see 5.1.6), material in anytemper 0.004 to 0.020 in. (0.102 to 0.508 mm), inclusive, inthickness shall conform to the requirements specified in Table7, when tested in accordance with 14.2.11.3 Five specimens,38 6116 in. (
29、9.52 6 1.59 mm) inwidth, of any convenient length, with the rolling directionparallel to the38-in. dimension, shall be precipitation heat-treated in accordance with 12.2. To pass the bend test, at leastfour specimens out of five, and at least 80 % of the totalspecimens tested from a lot shall withst
30、and the 90 bendwithout visible crack or fracture, when tested in accordancewith 15.3.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, %Copper Alloy UNSNo. C17000Copper Alloy UNSNo. C17200Beryllium 1.601.85 1.802.00Additive elements:Nickel + cobalt, min 0.20 0.20Nickel + cobalt + iron, max 0.6 0.6Alu
31、minum, max 0.20 0.20Silicon, max 0.20 0.20Copper remainder remainderB194082TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements for Material in the Solution-Heat-Treated or Solution-Heat-Treated and Cold-WorkedConditionTemper DesignationAMaterial Thickness, in.Tensile Strength,ksiB(MPa)CElongationDin 2 in. or50
32、 mm, min,%Rockwell HardnessEStandard Former Over Incl B Scale 30T Scale 15T ScaleTB00 A . . 6078(410540)35 4578 4667 7585TD0114 H . 0.188 7588(520610)15 6890 6275 8389TD0212 H . 0.188 85100(590690)9 8896 7479 8891TD04 H . 0.188 100130(690900)2 96104 7983 9194TD04 H 0.188 0.375 90130(660900). 91103 7
33、7 90TD04 H 0.375 1.000 90120(620830). 90102 . .TD04 H over 1.000 85115(590800)8 88102 . .AStandard designations defined in Practice B 601.Bksi = 1000 psi.CSee Appendix X1.DElongation requirement applies to material 0.004 in. (0.102 mm) and thicker.EThe thickness of material that may be tested by use
34、 of the Rockwell hardness scales is as follows:B Scale0.040 in. (1.016 mm) and over30T Scale0.020 to 0.040 in. (0.508 to 1.016 mm), excl.15T Scale0.015 to 0.020 in. (0.381 to 0.508 mm), excl.Hardness values shown apply only to direct determinations, not converted values.TABLE 3 Mechanical Property R
35、equirements After Precipitation Heat-TreatmentATemper Designation Material Thickness, in.Tensile Strength,ksiB(MPa)CYield Strength, ksi(MPa),min, 0.2 % OffsetElongation in2in.(50 mm), min,%DRockwell HardnessE,minStandard Former Over Incl C Scale 30N Scale 15N ScaleCopper Alloy UNS No. C17000TF00 AT
36、. 0.188 150180F(10301240)130(890)3 33 53 76.5TF00 AT 0.188 . 165195F(11401340) 130 3 36 56 78TH0114 HT . . 160190F(11001310)135(930)2.5 35 55 77TH0212 HT . . 170200F(11701380)145(1000)1 37 57 78.5TH04 HT . . 180210F(12401450)155(1070)1 38 58 79.5Copper Alloy UNS No. C17200TF00 AT . . 165195F(1140134
37、0)140(960)3365678TH0114 HT . 0.188 175205F(12101410)150(1030)2.5 36 56 79TH0212 HT . 0.188 185215F(12801480)160(1100)1 38 58 79.5TH04 HT . 0.188 190220F(13101520)165(1140)1385880TH04 HT 0.188 0.375 180215F(12401480)160(1100)1385880TH04 HT 0.375 1.000 180210F(12401450)155(1070)1 38 . .TH04 HT 1.000 2
38、.000 175205F(12101410)150(1030)2 37 . .TH04 HT over 2.000 165200F(11401380)130(890)2 36 . .AThese values apply to mill products (Section 14). See 12.3 for exceptions in end products.Bksi = 1000 psi.CSee Appendix X1.DElongation requirement applies to material 0.004 in. (0.102 mm) and thicker.EThe thi
39、ckness of material that may be tested by use of the Rockwell Hardness scales is as follows:C Scale0.040 in. (1.016 mm) and over30N Scale.0.020 to 0.040 in. (0.508 to 1.016 mm), excl.15N Scale.0.015 to 0.02 in. (0.381 to 0.508 mm), excl.Hardness values shown apply only to direct determinations, not c
40、onverted values.FThe upper limits in the tensile strength column are for design guidance only.B19408312. Precipitation Heat-Treatment12.1 Solution-heat-treated or solution-heat-treated and cold-worked material is normally precipitation hardened by thepurchaser after forming or machining. For the pur
41、pose ofdetermining conformance to specified mechanical properties ofTable 3, a sample of the as-supplied material shall be heattreated as shown in Table 8. Other heat treating temperaturesand times may be preferred for end products of this material.TABLE 4 Strip Mechanical Property RequirementsMill-
42、Hardened ConditionATemper DesignationTensile Strength,ksiB(MPa)CYield Strength,ksi (MPa),0.2 % OffsetElongation in 2in. (50 mm),min, %DRockwell HardnessE,minStandard FormerBC Scale 30N Scale 15N ScaleCopper Alloy UNS No. C17000TM00 AM 100110F7095 18 18 37 67.5(690760) (480660)TM0114 HM 110120F80110
43、15 20 42 70(760830) (550760)TM0212 HM 120135F95125 12 24 45 72(830930) (660860)TM04 HM 135150F110135 9 28 48 75(9301040) (760930)TM05 SHM 150160F125140 9 31 52 75.5(10301100) (860970)TM06 XHM 155175F135165 3 32 52 76(1070 1210) (9301140)Copper Alloy UNS No. C17200TM00 AM 100110F7095 16 RB95 37 67.5(
44、690760) (480660)TM0114 HM 110120F80110 15 20 42 70(760830) (550760)TM0212 HM 120135F95125 12 23 44 72(830930) (660860)TM04 HM 135150F110135 9 28 48 75(9301030) (760930)TM05 SHM 150160F125140 9 31 52 75.5(10301100) (860970)TM06 XHM 155175F135170 4 32 52 76(10701210) (9301170)TM08 XHMS 175190F150180 3
45、 33 53 76.5(12101310) (10301240)AThese values apply to mill products (Section 14). See 12.3 for exceptions in end products.Bksi = 1000 psi.CSee Appendix X1.DElongation requirement applies to material 0.004 in. (0.102 mm) and thicker.EThe thickness of material that may be tested by use of the Rockwel
46、l Hardness scales is as follows:C Scale0.040 in. (1.016 mm) and over30N Scale0.020 to 0.040 in. (0.508 to 1.016 mm), excl.15N Scale0.015 to 0.020 in. (0.381 to 0.508 mm), excl.Hardness values shown apply only to direct determinations, not converted values.FThe upper limits in the tensile strength co
47、lumn are for design guidance only.TABLE 5 Grain-Size Requirements for TB00 (Solution-Heat-Treated) MaterialThickness, in. (mm)Grain SizeSpecifiedMaximumAverage GrainSize, mmOver 0.010 to 0.030 (0.254 to 0.762), incl OS035 0.035Over 0.030 to 0.090 (0.762 to 2.24), incl OS045 0.045Over 0.090 to 0.188
48、(2.24 to 4.78), incl OS060 0.060TABLE 6 Grain-Count RequirementsThickness, in. (mm) Minimum Number of GrainsOver 0.004 to 0.006 (0.102 to 0.152), incl 6Over 0.006 to 0.008 (0.152 to 0.203), incl 7Over 0.008 to 0.010 (0.203 to 0.254), incl 8TABLE 7 Bend-Test Requirements After Precipitation HeatTreat
49、mentTemper Designation Test RadiusAStandard FormerTF00 AT 5tTH0114 AT 6tTH0212 HT 9tTH04 HT 15tAThe t refers to the measured average stock thickness to be tested.TABLE 8 Precipitation-Heat-Treatment Time for Acceptance TestsTemper Designation (Before Precipitation HeatTreatment)Time at 600 to 675F(316 to 357C), hStandard FormerTB00 A 3TD0114 H2TD0212TD04 H 2B19408412.2 The solution-heat-treated and cold-worked test speci-mens shall be heat treated at a
