1、Designation: B 196/B 196M 07Standard Specification forCopper-Beryllium Alloy Rod and Bar1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 196/B 196M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for
3、copper-beryllium alloy rod and bar in straight lengths. Thefollowing three alloys are included:Copper AlloyUNS No.Previously UsedDesignationsNominal BerylliumContent, %C17000 Alloy 165 1.7C17200 Alloy 25 1.9C17300 1.9+0.4 lead1.2 Unless otherwise required, Copper Alloy UNS No.C17200 shall be the all
4、oy furnished whenever SpecificationB 196/B 196M is specified without any alloy designation.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pounds or SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SIunits are shown in brackets. The values stated in each systemmay not be exact equiva
5、lents; therefore, each system shall beused independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the us
6、er of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents in the current issue of theBook of Standards form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced
7、herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B 194 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Plate,Sheet, Strip, and Rolled BarB 249/B 249M Specification for General Requirements forWrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes andForgingsB 601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copperand Copper AlloysWroug
8、ht and CastB 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Mate-rials Metric3. General Requirements3.1 The following sections of Specification B 249/B 249Mconstitute a part of this specification:3
9、.1.1 Terminology;3.1.2 Dimensions and Permissible Variations;3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance;3.1.4 Sampling;3.1.5 Number of Tests and Retests;3.1.6 Specimen Preparation;3.1.7 Test Methods;3.1.8 Significance of Numerical Limits;3.1.9 Inspection;3.1.10 Rejection and Rehearing;3.1.11 Certific
10、ation;3.1.12 Mill Test Report;3.1.13 Packaging and Package Marking; and3.1.14 Heat Identification3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to thatreferenced in 3.1 above appears in this specification, it containsadditional requirements which supplement those appearing inSpecification B
11、249/B 249M.4. Terminology4.1 For terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer toTerminology B 846.4.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:4.2.1 HeatA heat shall be the result of castings pouredsimultaneously from the same source of molten metal.1This specification is under the jurisdi
12、ction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod,Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings.Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 1945 to replace portions of B 120 41 T. Last previous editionapprove
13、d in 2003 as B 196/B 196M 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section a
14、ppears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2.2 LotThe lot shall be a heat or fraction thereof.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for products should include the following infor-mation, as appli
15、cable:5.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Quantity,5.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. designation (Section 1),5.1.4 Form of material (rod or bar and cross section, such asround, hexagonal, and so forth),5.1.5 Temper (Section 8),5.1.6 Dimensions (diameter or distance between parallel
16、surfaces, and length),5.1.7 How furnished (stock or specific lengths, with orwithout ends), and5.1.8 When material is ordered for agencies of the U.S.government (See Section 11).5.2 The following options are available and should bespecified in the contract or purchase order when required:5.2.1 Type
17、of edge (square corners, rounded corners,rounded edge, full-rounded edge),5.2.2 Mechanical properties (tension test and hardness)(Section 10),5.2.3 Certification, and5.2.4 Mill Test Report.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material:6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be Copper AlloyUNS No. C17000,
18、 C17200, or C17300, cast and worked and ofsuch purity and soundness as to be suitable for processing intothe products prescribed herein.6.1.2 Heat traceability shall be maintained and reported onthe Mill Test Report or Certification.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be produced with a combinat
19、ion hotworking, cold working, and thermal processing to produce auniform wrought structure and the specified temper.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical compositionrequirements prescribed in Table 1 for Copper Alloy UNS No.designation specified in the ordering inform
20、ation.7.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits for unnamed elements may beestablished and analysis required by agreement between themanufacturer, or supplier, and purchaser.7.3 Copper is customarily given as remainder, but may betaken as the difference betwe
21、en the sum of all elementsanalyzed and 100 %.7.4 When all the elements in Table 1 are determined, thesum of results shall be 99.5 % min.8. Temper8.1 The standard temper designations available under thisspecification and as specified in Practice B 601 are solutionheat-treated TB00 (A), and cold-drawn
22、 hard TD04 (H), (seeTable 2) to be precipitation heat treated by the user. Alsoavailable are products already precipitation heat treated by themanufacturer, tempers TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT). Theseproducts meet property requirements in Table 3 and normallyrequire no further heat treatment by the user.
23、9. Precipitation Heat Treatment9.1 The precipitation heat treatment is performed on TB00(A) and TD04 (H) tempers by the purchaser, after machining orforming.9.2 Conformance to the TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT) speci-fication limits shown in Table 3, for products supplied in theTB00 (A) or the TD04 (H) tem
24、pers, shall be determined bytesting test specimens heat treated at a uniform temperature of600 to 675F (316 to 357C) for the times shown in Table 4.9.3 End products may be heat treated at other times andtemperatures for specific applications. These special combina-tions of properties such as increas
25、ed ductility, electrical con-ductivity, dimensional accuracy, endurance life, and resistanceto elastic drift and hysteresis in springs, may be obtained byspecial precipitation-hardening heat treatments. The mechani-cal requirements of Table 3 do not apply to such special heattreatments. Specific tes
26、t requirements as needed shall be agreedupon between the manufacturer or supplier and purchaser ofthe end product.9.4 TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT) tempers as standard mill-hardened products have been precipitation heat treated andtested by the manufacturer for conformance to the specificationlimits shown
27、 in Table 3. Further thermal treatments of thesetempers are not normally required.10. Mechanical Property Requirements10.1 Tensile Test Requirements:10.1.1 The tension test, in accordance with Test MethodsE8or 8M, shall be the standard test for rod (round, hexagonal,and octagonal) and bar (square) h
28、aving a nominal diameter ordistance between parallel surfaces up to38 in. 10 mm incl,and other shapes having a nominal cross-sectional area up to0.141 in.2100 mm2, incl. The tensile strength requirementsshall be prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3 after precipitationheat treatment in accordance with 8
29、.1.10.2 Rockwell Hardness Requirements:10.2.1 Hardness shall be the standard test for round, hex-agonal, octagonal, and square rod larger than38 in. 1 mmnominal diameter or distance between parallel surfaces andother shapes having a nominal cross-sectional area exceedingTABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
30、ElementComposition,%Copper Alloy UNS No.C17000 C17200 C17300Beryllium 1.601.85 1.802.00 1.802.00Nickel + cobalt, min 0.20 0.20 0.20Nickel + cobalt+ iron, max0.6 0.6 0.6Aluminum, max 0.20 0.20 0.20Silicon, max 0.20 0.20 0.20Lead . . 0.200.6Copper remainder remainder remainderB 196/B 196M 0720.141 in.
31、23.6 mm. The hardness requirements shall be asprescribed in Table 2 for solution heat treated or solution heattreated and cold worked and in Table 4 after prescribed heattreatment. The tension test should not be made except whenindicated by the purchaser.10.2.2 Where agreement on Rockwell hardness t
32、ests cannotbe reached, the tensile strength requirements of Tables 2 and 3shall be the basis for acceptance or rejection.11. Purchases for U. S. Government11.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order,product purchased for an agency of the U. S. government shallconform to the special governm
33、ent requirements specified inthe Supplementary Requirements section of SpecificationB 249/B 249M.12. Dimensions and Permissible Variations12.1 The dimensions and tolerances for material covered bythis specification shall be as prescribed in the current edition ofSpecification B 249/B 249M:12.2 Diame
34、ter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces:12.2.1 Rod, Round, Hexagonal, Octagonal12.2.2 Rod, Hot-Rolled, Round12.2.3 Rod, As-Extruded12.2.4 Bar, Rectangular and Square12.2.5 Bar, As-Extruded12.3 Length12.4 Straightness12.5 Edge Contours13. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance13.1 The product shall be
35、free of defects, but blemishes ofa nature that do not interfere with the intended application areacceptable.14. Sampling14.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with SpecificationB 249/B 249M, except that the heat size is defined as 12 000lbs (5455 kg) or fraction thereof.14.2 Sample pieces shall be tak
36、en from a heat and lot ofmaterial processed simultaneously in the same equipment, asfollows:15. Number of Tests and Retests15.1 Section 9 of Specification B 249/B 249M constitutes apart of this specification.15.2 Test specimens shall be taken from the sample piecesselected in accordance with 14.1.15
37、.2.1 In the case of product shipped in the TB00 or TD04condition, two test specimens shall be taken from each samplepiece. One is to be tested in the as-sampled condition, and onein the precipitation heat-treated condition.15.2.2 In the case of product shipped in the precipitationheat-treated condit
38、ion, one specimen from each sample shall betested.15.3 RetestsIf any lot of material fails to conform to therequirements of this specification as a result of inaccurate heattreatment, new samples of material may be resubmitted for testafter proper heat treatment. Only two such reheat treatmentsshall
39、 be permitted.16. Specimen Preparation16.1 Section 10 of Specification B 249/B 249M constitutesa part of this specification.16.2 Test SpecimensTension test specimens, when re-quired, shall be prepared in a full cross-sectional area ifpracticable and in the direction of final working unless other-wis
40、e specified. Full cross section or machined specimens shallbe as specified in Test Methods E8or E8M.NOTE 1Mechanical property data determined on other than roundcross sections, for sizes under 0.125 in., may be compromised and beinaccurate as a result of the stress riser effect on the corner.17. Tes
41、t Methods17.1 Section 11 of Specification B 249/B 249M constitutesa part of this specification.17.2 Chemical AnalysisThe Chemical Composition sec-tion is amended to include in the group of chemical analysistechniques, Specification B 194 Annex.17.3 Test methods to be followed for the determination o
42、felement(s) resulting from contractural or purchase order agree-ment shall be agreed upon between the supplier and thepurchaser.18. Keywords18.1 beryllium copper bar; beryllium copper rod; copperberyllium bar; copper beryllium rod; UNS Alloy No. C17000;UNS Alloy No. C17200; UNS Alloy No. C17300TABLE
43、 2 Solution Heat-Treated and Solution Heat-Treated and Cold-Worked Mechanical Property RequirementsTemper DesignationDiameter or MaximumDistance BetweenParallel SurfacesTensileStrength,ksiTensileStrength,MPaYield Strength, min0.2 % offset, ksiRockwellHardness,B ScaleElongation in4 3 DA,min, %Standar
44、d Formerin. mm MPaTB00 Solution heat treated (A) all sizes all sizes 6085 410590 20 140 4585 20TD04 Hard (H) up to38 , incl. up to 10 90130 620900 75 520 88103 8over38 to 1 incl. over 10 to 25 incl. 90125 620860 75 520 88102 8over 1 to 3, incl. over 25 to 75 85120 590830 75 520 88101 8A4 3 D =43 dia
45、meter.B 196/B 196M 073TABLE3PrecipitationHeat-TreatedMechanicalPropertyRequirementsATemperDesignationDiameterorMaximumDistanceBetweenParallelSurfacesCopperAlloyUNSNo.Elongation in43DB,min,%C17000C17200andC17300StandardFormerTensileStrength,ksiTensileStrengthMPaYieldStrength,min,0.2%offset,ksiRockwel
46、lHardness,CScaleTensileStrength,ksiYieldStrength,min,0.2%offset,ksiRockwellHardness,CScalein.mmMPaMPaMPaTF00Solutionheattreated(AT)upto3,incl.upto76.2150190C10301310C1258603239165200C11401380C145100036424over3over76.2150190C10301310C1258603239165200C11401380C13090036423TH04Hard(HT)upto38,incl.upto11
47、70210C12101450C14510003541185225C12801550C160110039452over38to1,incl.over1to25.4,incl.170210C11701450C14510003541180220C12401520C155107038442over1to3,incl.over25.4to76.2,incl.165200C11401380C1359303439175215C12101480C145100037444AThesevaluesapplytostandardqualificationheattreatment,see8.1.B43D=43dia
48、meter.CTheupperlimitsinthetensilestrengthcolumnarefordesignguidanceonly.B 196/B 196M 074SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B05 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(B 196/B 196M 03) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved April 1, 2007.)(1) Correc
49、ted the metric values in Section 10, Table 2, andTable 3 and changed the chemistry in Table 1 to correspond tothe CDA chemistry.(2) In 4.2.1 the definition for grain count was eliminated as itdoes not appear in the standard.(3) Definitions for Heat and Lot in Section 14 were moved toSection 4, but no change was made to definitions.(4) Section 18 was a redundant portion of Section 3 and wasremoved. The following section was renumbered.(5) In Table 2 there was an overlap in the metric equivalentvalues 10 to
