1、Designation: B196/B196M 18Standard Specification forCopper-Beryllium Alloy Rod and Bar1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B196/B196M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for
3、copper-beryllium alloy rod and bar in straight lengths. Thefollowing three alloys are included:Copper AlloyUNS No.Previously UsedDesignationsNominal BerylliumContent, %C17000 Alloy 165 1.7C17200 Alloy 25 1.9C17300 1.9+0.4 lead1.2 Unless otherwise required, Copper Alloy UNS No.C17200 shall be the all
4、oy furnished whenever SpecificationB196/B196M is specified without any alloy designation.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pounds or SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SIunits are shown in brackets. The values stated in each systemmay not be exact equivale
5、nts; therefore, each system shall beused independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user
6、 of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in t
7、he Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents in the current issue of theBook of Standards form a part of this s
8、pecification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B194 Specification for Copper-BerylliumAlloy Plate, Sheet,Strip, and Rolled BarB249/B249M Specification for General Requirements forWrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes andForgingsB601 Classification for Temper Designations
9、for Copper andCopper AlloysWrought and CastB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terials3. General Requirements3.1 The following sections of Specification B249/B249Mconstitute a part of this specification:3.1.1 Terminology;3.1.2 Dimension
10、s and Permissible Variations;3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance;3.1.4 Sampling;3.1.5 Number of Tests and Retests;3.1.6 Specimen Preparation;3.1.7 Test Methods;3.1.8 Significance of Numerical Limits;3.1.9 Inspection;3.1.10 Rejection and Rehearing;3.1.11 Certification;3.1.12 Mill Test Report;3.
11、1.13 Packaging and Package Marking; and3.1.14 Heat Identification3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to thatreferenced in 3.1 above appears in this specification, it containsadditional requirements which supplement those appearing inSpecification B249/B249M.4. Terminology4.1 For t
12、erms related to copper and copper alloys, refer toTerminology B846.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod,Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings.Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Publi
13、shed April 2018. Originallyapproved in 1945 to replace portions of B120 41 T. Last previous edition approvedin 2013 as B196/B196M-07(2013)1. DOI: 10.1520/B0196_B0196M-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annu
14、al Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis internat
15、ional standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Commit
16、tee.14.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:4.2.1 HeatA heat shall be the result of castings pouredsimultaneously from the same source of molten metal.4.2.2 LotThe lot shall be a heat or fraction thereof.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for products should include the followinginformati
17、on, as applicable:5.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Quantity,5.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. designation (Section 1),5.1.4 Form of material (rod or bar and cross section, such asround, hexagonal, and so forth),5.1.5 Temper (Section 8),5.1.6 Dimensions (diameter or distance betw
18、een parallelsurfaces, and length),5.1.7 How furnished (stock or specific lengths, with orwithout ends), and5.1.8 When material is ordered for agencies of the U.S.government (See Section 11).5.2 The following options are available and should bespecified in the contract or purchase order when required
19、:5.2.1 Type of edge (square corners, rounded corners,rounded edge, full-rounded edge),5.2.2 Mechanical properties (tension test and hardness)(Section 10),5.2.3 Certification, and5.2.4 Mill Test Report.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material:6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be Copper AlloyUNS
20、 No. C17000, C17200, or C17300, cast and worked and ofsuch purity and soundness as to be suitable for processing intothe products prescribed herein.6.1.2 Heat traceability shall be maintained and reported onthe Mill Test Report or Certification.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be produced wit
21、h a combination hotworking, cold working, and thermal processing to produce auniform wrought structure and the specified temper.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical compositionrequirements prescribed in Table 1 for Copper Alloy UNS No.designation specified in the ord
22、ering information.7.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits for unnamed elements may beestablished and analysis required by agreement between themanufacturer, or supplier, and purchaser.7.3 Copper is customarily given as remainder, but may betaken as the diff
23、erence between the sum of all elementsanalyzed and 100 %.7.4 When all the elements in Table 1 are determined, thesum of results shall be 99.5 % min.8. Temper8.1 The standard temper designations available under thisspecification and as specified in Classification B601 are solu-tion heat-treated TB00
24、(A), and cold-drawn hard TD04 (H),(see Table 2) to be precipitation heat treated by the user. Alsoavailable are products already precipitation heat treated by themanufacturer, tempers TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT). Theseproducts meet property requirements in Table 3 and normallyrequire no further heat tre
25、atment by the user.9. Precipitation Heat Treatment9.1 The precipitation heat treatment is performed on TB00(A) and TD04 (H) tempers by the purchaser, after machining orforming.9.2 Conformance to the TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT) speci-fication limits shown in Table 3, for products supplied in theTB00 (A)
26、or the TD04 (H) tempers, shall be determined bytesting test specimens heat treated at a uniform temperature of600 to 675 F 316 to 357 C for the times shown in Table 4.9.3 End products may be heat treated at other times andtemperatures for specific applications. These special combina-tions of propert
27、ies such as increased ductility, electricalconductivity, dimensional accuracy, endurance life, and resis-tance to elastic drift and hysteresis in springs, may be obtainedby special precipitation-hardening heat treatments. The me-chanical requirements of Table 3 do not apply to such specialheat treat
28、ments. Specific test requirements as needed shall beagreed upon between the manufacturer or supplier and pur-chaser of the end product.9.4 TF00 (AT) and TH04 (HT) tempers as standard mill-hardened products have been precipitation heat treated andtested by the manufacturer for conformance to the spec
29、ificationlimits shown in Table 3. Further thermal treatments of thesetempers are not normally required.10. Mechanical Property Requirements10.1 Tensile Test Requirements:10.1.1 The tension test, in accordance with Test MethodsE8/E8M, shall be the standard test for rod (round, hexagonal,and octagonal
30、) and bar (square) having a nominal diameter ordistance between parallel surfaces up to38 in. 10 mm incl,and other shapes having a nominal cross-sectional area up to0.141 in.2100 mm2, incl. The tensile strength requirementsshall be prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3 after precipitationheat treatment
31、in accordance with 8.1.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition,%Copper Alloy UNS No.C17000 C17200 C17300Beryllium 1.601.85 1.802.00 1.802.00Nickel + cobalt, min 0.20 0.20 0.20Nickel + cobalt+ iron, max0.6 0.6 0.6Aluminum, max 0.20 0.20 0.20Silicon, max 0.20 0.20 0.20Lead . . 0.200.6Copper re
32、mainder remainder remainderB196/B196M 18210.2 Rockwell Hardness Requirements:10.2.1 Hardness shall be the standard test for round,hexagonal, octagonal, and square rod larger than38 in.10 mm nominal diameter or distance between parallel sur-faces and other shapes having a nominal cross-sectional area
33、exceeding 0.141 in.23.6 mm. The hardness requirementsshall be as prescribed in Table 2 for solution heat treated orsolution heat treated and cold worked and in Table 3 precipi-tation heat-treated. The tension test should not be made exceptwhen indicated by the purchaser.10.2.2 Where agreement on Roc
34、kwell hardness tests cannotbe reached, the tensile strength requirements of Tables 2 and 3shall be the basis for acceptance or rejection.11. Purchases for U.S. Government11.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order,product purchased for an agency of the U.S. Government shallconform to the s
35、pecial government requirements specified inthe Supplementary Requirements section of SpecificationB249/B249M.12. Dimensions and Permissible Variations12.1 The dimensions and tolerances for material covered bythis specification shall be as prescribed in the current edition ofSpecification B249/B249M:
36、12.2 Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces:12.2.1 Rod, Round, Hexagonal, Octagonal12.2.2 Rod, Hot-Rolled, Round12.2.3 Rod, As-Extruded12.2.4 Bar, Rectangular and Square12.2.5 Bar, As-Extruded12.3 Length12.4 Straightness12.5 Edge Contours13. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance13.1 The produc
37、t shall be free of defects, but blemishes ofa nature that do not interfere with the intended application areacceptable.14. Sampling14.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with SpecificationB249/B249M, except that the heat size is defined as 12 000 lb(5455 kg) or fraction thereof.14.2 Sample pieces shal
38、l be taken from a heat and lot ofmaterial processed simultaneously in the same equipment, asfollows:15. Number of Tests and Retests15.1 Section 9 of Specification B249/B249M constitutes apart of this specification.15.2 Test specimens shall be taken from the sample piecesselected in accordance with 1
39、4.1.15.2.1 In the case of product shipped in the TB00 or TD04condition, two test specimens shall be taken from each samplepiece. One is to be tested in the as-sampled condition, and onein the precipitation heat-treated condition.15.2.2 In the case of product shipped in the precipitationheat-treated
40、condition, one specimen from each sample shall betested.15.3 RetestsIf any lot of material fails to conform to therequirements of this specification as a result of inaccurate heattreatment, new samples of material may be resubmitted for testafter proper heat treatment. Only two such reheat treatment
41、sshall be permitted.16. Specimen Preparation16.1 Section 10 of Specification B249/B249M constitutes apart of this specification.16.2 Test SpecimensTension test specimens, whenrequired, shall be prepared in a full cross-sectional area ifpracticable and in the direction of final working unless other-w
42、ise specified. Full cross section or machined specimens shallbe as specified in Test Methods E8/E8M.NOTE 1Mechanical property data determined on other than roundcross sections, for sizes under 0.125 in., may be compromised and beinaccurate as a result of the stress riser effect on the corner.17. Tes
43、t Methods17.1 Section 11 of Specification B249/B249M constitutes apart of this specification.17.2 Chemical AnalysisThe Chemical Composition sec-tion is amended to include in the group of chemical analysistechniques, Specification B194 Annex.17.3 Test methods to be followed for the determination ofel
44、ement(s) resulting from contractural or purchase order agree-ment shall be agreed upon between the supplier and thepurchaser.TABLE 2 Solution Heat-Treated and Solution Heat-Treated and Cold-Worked Mechanical Property RequirementsTemper DesignationDiameter or MaximumDistance BetweenParallel SurfacesT
45、ensileStrength,ksiTensileStrength,MPaYield Strength, min0.2 % offset, ksiRockwellHardness,B ScaleElongation in4D,Amin, %Standard Formerin. mm MPaTB00 Solution heat treated (A) all sizes all sizes 6085 410590 20 140 4585 20TD04 Hard (H) up to38, incl. up to 10 90130 620900 75 520 88103 8over38 to 1 i
46、ncl. over 10 to 25 incl. 90125 620860 75 520 88102 8over 1 to 3, incl. over 25 to 75 85120 590830 75 520 88101 8A4D =4diameter.B196/B196M 183TABLE3PrecipitationHeat-TreatedMechanicalPropertyRequirementsATemperDesignationDiameterorMaximumDistanceBetweenParallelSurfacesCopperAlloyUNSNo.Elongationin4D,
47、Bmin,%C17000C17200andC17300StandardFormerTensileStrength,ksiTensileStrengthMPaYieldStrength,min,0.2%offset,ksiRockwellHardness,CScaleCTensileStrength,ksiYieldStrength,min,0.2%offset,ksiRockwellHardness,CScaleCin.mmMPaMPaMPaTF00PrecipitationHardened (AT)upto3,incl.upto76.2150190C10301310C125860323916
48、5200C11401380C145100036424over3over76.2150190C10301310C1258603239165200C11401380C13090036423TH04HardandPrecipitation HeatTreated(HT)upto38,incl.upto10170210C12101450C14510003541185225C12801550C160110039452over38to1,incl.over10to25.4,incl.170210C11701450C14510003541180220C12401520C155107038442over1to
49、3,incl.over25.4to76.2,incl.165200C11401380C1359303439175215C12101480C145100037444AThesevaluesapplytostandardqualificationheattreatment,see8.1.B4D=4diameter.CTheupperlimitsinthetensilestrengthandhardnesscolumnsarefordesignguidanceonly.B196/B196M 18418. Keywords18.1 beryllium copper bar; beryllium copper rod; copperberyllium bar; copper beryllium rod; UNS Alloy No. C17000;UNS Alloy No. C17200; UNS Alloy No. C17300SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B05 has identified the location of selected chances to this stan
