1、Designation: B23 00 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Specification forWhite Metal Bearing Alloys(Known Commercially as “Babbitt Metal”)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B23; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specificatio
3、n covers eight typical white metalbearing alloys, in bar or ingot form, known commercially as“babbitt metal.” The alloys are specified, covering the rangecommercially used, and are designated by the alloy numbersshown in Table 1.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard
4、. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standa
5、rd to become familiarwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2.
6、 Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE57 Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of White Metal BearingAlloys (Withdrawn 1986)33. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in-
7、clude the following information:3.1.1 Name of material (white metal bearing alloy),3.1.2 Form and nominal weight of individual bars,3.1.3 Quantity,3.1.4 Alloy number,3.1.5 Inspection required (Section 9),3.1.6 Certification required (Section 10),3.1.7 Marking required (Section 11), and3.1.8 ASTM des
8、ignation and year of issue.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The bars or ingots shall be made in accordance withsuch practice as to obtain the chemical composition, weight,and dimensions as prescribed in this specification.4.2 The bars or ingots shall be as uniform in quality aspracticable.5. Chemical
9、 Composition5.1 The alloys covered by this specification shall conform tothe requirements for chemical composition prescribed in Table1.5.2 By agreement between manufacturer and purchaser,analysis may be required and limits established for elementsnot specified in Table 1.6. Dimensions and Weights6.
10、1 The babbitt shall be furnished in bars of a convenientweight and size for handling. Unless otherwise agreed upon, nounnotched bar shall exceed 10 lb (4.5 kg) in weight, nornotched bar exceed 15 lb (6.8 kg).6.2 By mutual agreement, babbitt may be furnished in smallround bars about 3.5 in. (90 mm) i
11、n diameter.7. Sampling7.1 Three bars shall be selected to represent a shipment ofless than 1000 lb (450 kg), five bars to represent a shipment of1000 lb to 10 000 lb (4500 kg) inclusive, and ten bars torepresent a shipment of over 10 000 lb to one carload.7.2 Saw cuts shall be made at points in the
12、bars as indicatedin Fig. 1. No lubricants shall be used for sawing. The savings1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.02 on Refined Lead, Tin, Antimony, and Their Alloys.Current edition ap
13、proved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originallyapproved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B23 00 (2010). DOI:10.1520/B0023-00R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMS
14、tandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1shall be
15、carefully treated with a magnet to remove any particlesof steel introduced in taking the sample.7.3 When babbitt is furnished in bars under 5 lb (2.3 kg) inweight, three bars shall be considered the equivalent of one bar(6.1) for sampling purposes. These may be remelted in a cleanutensil at a temper
16、ature slightly above the liquids point of thealloy, mixed thoroughly, poured into a cold mold forming aconvenient size bar, and then handled in accordance with 6.2.7.4 Savings, thoroughly mixed, shall be separated into threeequal portions, each of which shall be placed in a sealedpackage, one for th
17、e manufacturer, one for the purchaser, andone for an umpire, if necessary. Each portion should exceed0.74 oz. (21 g) in weight.7.5 When bars, by agreement, exceed 15 lb (6.8 kg) inweight, the number of sample bars taken and the samplingprocedure shall be by agreement between the manufacturer andthe
18、purchaser.8. Test Methods8.1 In case of dispute, the chemical analysis shall be madein accordance with Methods E57.8.2 The method of analysis for cadmium and aluminum incase of dispute shall be as agreed upon between manufacturerand purchaser.8.3 For purposes of compliance with the specified chemica
19、lcomposition limits, the reported analysis shall be rounded tothe nearest unit in the right hand place of figures used inexpressing the limiting value, in accordance with the roundingmethod of Practice E29.9. Inspection9.1 Inspection of the material shall be made as agreed uponby the manufacturer an
20、d the purchaser as part of the purchasecontract.10. Rejection and Rehearing10.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the
21、test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.TABLE 1 Chemical CompositionA wt% (range or maximum)ChemicalComposition, %Alloy NumberTin Base Lead Base1 2 3 11 7 8 13 15UNSL13910 UNSL13890 UNSL13840 UNSL13870 UNSL53585 UNSL53565 UNSL53346 UNSL53620Tin remainderBremainderBremainderBrema
22、inderB9.310.7 4.55.5 5.56.5 0.81.2Antimony 4.05.0 7.08.0 7.58.5 6.07.5 14.016.0 14.016.0 9.510.5 14.517.5Lead 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.50 remainderBremainderBremainderBremainderBCopper 4.05.0 3.04.0 7.58.5 5.06.5 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.6Iron 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10Arsenic 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.300
23、.60 0.300.60 0.25 0.81.4Bismuth 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10Zinc 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Aluminum 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Cadmium 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Total named 99.80 99.80 99.80 99.80elements,minAAlloy Number 9 was discont
24、inued in 1946 and numbers 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 16, and 19 were discontinued in 1959. A new number 11, similar to SAE Grade 11, was addedin 1966.BTo be determined by difference.NOTE 1With notched bars the saw cuts shall be distributed along the bar in a similar manner, avoiding if possible, saw cuts
25、directly through a notch.FIG. 1 Method of Sampling Unnotched BarB23 00 (2014)211. Certification11.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, aproducers or suppliers certification shall be furnished to thepurchaser that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested,and inspected in accordan
26、ce with this specification and hasbeen found to meet the requirements. When specified in thepurchase order or contract, a report of the test results shall befurnished.12. Product Marking12.1 The name or trademark of the manufacturer shall becast on each bar. The numerical designation of the alloysup
27、plied shall be stamped or cast on each bar for identification.13. Keywords13.1 Rabbit metal; bar; bearing alloys; chemical composi-tion; ingot; leadtinantimony alloys; physical properties;tinantimonycopper alloysAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. PROPERTIES OF WHITE METAL BEARING ALLOYSX1.1 The d
28、ata in Table X1.1 do not constitute a part of thisspecification. They are given merely to indicate to the pur-chaser the physical properties of the various alloys specifiedwhich can be expected of carefully manufactured alloys of theformulas indicated, and to constitute a guide to the purchaser inse
29、lecting the grade best suited for meeting the service conditionfor which the babbitt metal is to be used. Alloys 1 to 8 wereprepared at the National Bureau of Standards from pure Banktin, high grade “Star” antimony, and a commercially pure lead(99.94 % Pub), and the values given are the results of t
30、estsmade in the Bureau laboratories. Data on alloy 15 and theliquids temperature of alloy 1 have been added, based on workat other laboratories. All figures are subject to revision.TABLE X1.1 Composition and Physical PropertiesAof White Metal Bearing AlloysAlloyNumberBSpecified Nominal Composition o
31、f Alloys, %SpecificGravityCComposition of Alloys Tested, % Yield Point, psiD(MPa)Tin Antimony Lead Copper Arsenic Tin Antimony Lead Copper 68F (20C)212F(100C)1 91.0 4.5 4.5 7.34 90.9 4.52 none 4.56 4400 (30.3) 2650 (18.3)2 89.0 7.5 3.5 7.39 89.2 7.4 0.03 3.1 6100 (42.0) 3000 (20.6)3 84.0 8.0 8.0 7.4
32、6 83.4 8.2 0.03 8.3 6600 (45.5) 3150 (21.7)7 10.0 15.0 remainder .45 9.73 10.0 14.5 75.0 0.11 3550 (24.5) 1600 (11.0)8 5.0 15.0 remainder .45 10.04 5.2 14.9 79.4 0.14 3400 (23.4) 1750 (12.1)15 1.0 16.0 remainder 1.0 10.05AlloyNumberBJohnsons Apparent ElasticLimit, psi (MPa)EUltimate Strength inCompr
33、essionFBrinellHardnessG MeltingPoint,F (C)Temperatureof CompleteLiquefaction,F(C)ProperPouringTemperature,F(C)68F (20C) 212F (100C) 68F (20C) 212F (100C)68F(20C)212F(100C)1 2450 (16.9) 1050 (7.2) 12 850 (88.6) 6950 (47.9) 17.0 8.0 433 (223) 700 (371) 825 (441)2 3350 (23.1) 1100 (7.6) 14 900 (102.7)
34、8700 (60.0) 24.5 12.0 466 (241) 669 (354) 795 (424)3 5350 (36.9) 1300 (9.0) 17 600 (121.3) 9900 (68.3) 27.0 14.5 464 (240) 792 (422) 915 (491)7 2500 (17.2) 1350 (9.3) 15 650 (107.9) 6150 (42.4) 22.5 10.5 464 (240) 514 (268) 640 (338)8 2650 (18.3) 1200 (8.3) 15 600 (107.6) 6150 (42.4) 20.0 9.5 459 (2
35、37) 522 (272) 645 (341)15 21.0 13.0 479 (248) 538 (281) 662 (350)AThe compression test specimens were cylinders 1.5 in. (38 mm) in length and 0.5 in. (13 mm) in diameter, machined from chill castings 2 in. (51 mm) in length and 0.75in. (19 mm) in diameter. The Brinell tests were made on the bottom o
36、f parallel machined specimens cast in a mold 2 in. (51 mm) in diameter and 0.625 in. (16 mm) deepat room temperature.BData not available on Alloy Numbers 11 and 13.CThe specific gravity multiplied by 0.0361 equals the density in pounds per cubic inch.DThe values for yield point were taken from stres
37、s-strain curves at a deformation of 0.125 % of gage length.EJohnsons apparent elastic limit is taken as the unit stress at the point where the slope of the tangent to the curve is23 times its slope at the origin.FThe ultimate strength values were taken as the unit load necessary to produce a deforma
38、tion of 25 % of the length of the specimen.GThese values are the average Brinell number of three impressions on each alloy using a 10-mm ball and a 500-kg load applied for 30 s.B23 00 (2014)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with
39、 any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible techni
40、cal committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideratio
41、n at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harb
42、or Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 00 (2014)4
