1、Designation: B 299 08Standard Specification forTitanium Sponge1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 299; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates
2、the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers virgin titanium metal meltingstock. This virgin metal is commonly designated as spongetitanium because it is most commonly porous and spongel
3、ike intexture, although metal produced electrolytically is granularand is essentially nonporous.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considere
4、d standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-alsE 1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen andNitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert GasFusion TechniqueE 1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen inTitanium and
5、Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas FusionThermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection MethodE 1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-tory and Reactive Metals and Their AlloysE 2371 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and TitaniumAlloys by Atomic Emission Plasma Spectrometry3. Terminology3.
6、1 Lot Definitions:3.1.1 sponge, na lot shall consist of a single blendproduced at one time.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Sponge titanium is usually prepared by reduction oftitanium tetrachloride and gets its spongelike character fromthe processes involved in production. This spongy character-istic
7、, however, is not considered essential and may be expectedto vary greatly with manufacturing methods. For example,virgin titanium produced electrolytically is crystalline orgranular in character and is essentially nonporous. The metal isusually supplied in lump or granular form. This specification,h
8、owever, is not limited to metal prepared by reduction of thetetrachloride.4.2 Only virgin titanium, free of scrap and intentionallyadded contaminants, shall be supplied under this specification.It shall be supplied in uniform, well-mixed blends, each ofwhich shall be clearly designated.5. Chemical C
9、omposition5.1 The titanium metal supplied under this specificationshall conform to the chemical composition requirements pre-scribed in Table 1.6. Hardness6.1 Brinell hardness testing is optional unless requested bythe purchaser. The Brinell Hardness of a lot shall be theaverage of the hardness dete
10、rminations on each button pre-pared as described in 5.1. The average hardness of each buttonfor the lot shall not exceed the values specified in Table 1.Measurement shall be in accordance with Test Method E10,using a 0.394 in. (10-mm) ball, 3307-lbf (1500-kgf) load, and30-s dwell.7. Sampling7.1 The
11、sampling method used shall be a matter of agree-ment between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The follow-ing are acceptable industrial practices:7.1.1 The blend shall be sampled as required in 7.1.2 and7.1.3 unless otherwise agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.7.1.2 The sample f
12、or determining the conformance of the lotto the chemical and physical requirements shall be obtained bysampling the lot to produce a 0.25 % sample but not less than30 lb (14 kg) providing the lot is crushed to a particle size of1 in. (25.4 mm) or less in size. The blended evaluation sampleshall be s
13、plit to produce two or more samples 0.1 lb (45 g) ormore each, to be melted into buttons, and one sample of at least0.5 lb (227 g).7.1.3 The buttons shall be melted in a furnace under aninert-gas atmosphere. The resulting 0.1-lb (45-g) buttons shallbe checked for Brinell hardness and samples shall b
14、e taken1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1955. Last previous edition
15、approved in 2007 as B 299 - 07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International,
16、 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.from each button for the required chemical analysis. The 0.5-lb(227-g) sample shall be used for the metal, chlorine, hydrogen,and moisture analysis.8. Retests8.1 If the results of any test lot are not in conformance
17、 withthe requirements of this specification, the lot may be retested atthe option of the manufacturer. The frequency of the retest willdouble the initial number of tests. If the results of the retestconform to this specification, then the retest values willbecome the test values for certification. I
18、f the results of theretest fail to conform to this specification, the material will berejected in accordance with Section 9. All test values, originaland retest, shall be reported to the purchaser.9. Report of Analysis9.1 The manufacturer shall supply at least one copy of thereport showing the resul
19、ts of chemical analysis and hardnesstests on the material supplied.10. Methods of Chemical Analysis10.1 The methods of analysis shall be in accordance withTest Methods E 1409, E 1447, E 1941,orE 2371 or by othermethods as agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser. Moisture content shall
20、be determined by any currentacceptable industrial practice.11. Rejection11.1 Material not conforming to this specification or toauthorized modifications shall be subject to rejection. Unlessotherwise specified, rejected material may be returned to themanufacturer at the manufacturers expense, unless
21、 the pur-chaser receives, within 3 weeks of the notice of rejection, otherinstructions for disposition.12. Referee Test and Analysis12.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser on the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification, a mutually acce
22、ptable ref-eree shall perform the tests in question. The referees testingshall be used in determining conformance of the material tothis specification.13. Packaging and Package Marking13.1 The method of packaging shall be agreed upon be-tween the manufacturer and the purchaser. The size and natureof
23、 the containers used are generally determined by the time andlength of storage and the amount of handling involved. Wherea fire hazard or sponge deterioration during prolonged storageare primary considerations, titanium sponge should be packedin air-tight, moisture-proof, sealed metal cans or drums
24、of atype suitable for shipment at the lowest rate by commoncarrier. Tightly sealed fiber drums are considered adequatewhere handling is at a minimum and usage is rather prompt.14. Keywords14.1 titanium; titanium spongeTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementWeight by % (Dry Basis)GPAELBSLCMLDMDENitrogen
25、, max 0.02 0.008 0.015 0.015 0.015Carbon, max 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02Sodium, maxF0.10 0.19 . .Magnesium, maxF0.08 . 0.50 0.08Aluminum, max 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.05 .Chloride, max 0.20 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.12Iron, max 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.15 0.12Silicon, max 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04Hydrogen, max 0.03 0.02 0.05 0
26、.03 0.010Water, max 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02Oxygen, max 0.15 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10Chromium, max . . . . 0.06GNickel, max . . . . 0.05GAll other impurities (total), maxTitanium, balance (nominal)0.05remainder0.05remainder0.05remainder0.05remainder0.05remainderBrinell hardness, max 140 110 120 140 140AG
27、PA general purpose grade, either magnesium or sodium reduced and finished by leaching or inert gas sweep, or both.BELElectrolytic produced.CSLSodium reduced and finished by leaching.DMLMagnesium reduced and finished by leaching or inert gas sweep.EMDMagnesium reduced and finished by distillation.FSo
28、dium or magnesium, max 0.50 %.GThe chemical requirements for grade MD sponge have been modified to reflect the use of stainless steel production vessels, which are the norm for this grade ofsponge. The use of stainless steel necessarily now incorporates unavoidable chromium and nickel contaminants.
29、These contaminants do not alter the basic propertyrequirements of the sponge. However, it is necessary to incorporate these two unavoidable contaminants into the chemical requirements for this grade, just as the otherunavoidable contaminants have been assigned maximum permissible levels.B299082ASTM
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31、rely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand
32、 should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on
33、 Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B299083
