1、Designation: B339 12Standard Specification forPig Tin1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B339; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year o
2、f last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers refined tin in pig form recov-ered and cast from primary and secondary
3、 tin-bearing materi-als. One grade of tin metal is specified and is designated by thegrade letter shown in Table 1.1.2 The percent values of tin contained are to be regarded asthe standard.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are ma
4、thematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards in
5、cluding those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:
6、2E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE46 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Lead- andTin-Base Solder3E51 Method for Spectrographic Analysis of Tin Alloys bythe Powder Technique3E57 Methods for Chemical Analysis of White Metal Bear-ing
7、Alloys3E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys inCast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 pig, nan oblong or square mass of metal that hasbeen cast while still molten into a mold that gives the metal itsp
8、articular shape.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.2 Quantity in weight, metric tons or kilograms,4.1.3 Shape and size,4.1.4 Method of manufacturing (Section 5),4.1.5 Chemistry (S
9、ection 6),4.1.6 Product marking (Section 16), and4.1.7 Packaging (Section 17).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The refined tin shall be produced from primary, second-ary, or a combination of tin-bearing materials to obtain therequirements of this specification.5.2 The refined metal for Grade A or B t
10、in may bemanufactured by fire refining, vacuum refining, electrolytic orelectrowinning refining methods, or a combination of thesemethods.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The tin shall conform to the requirements as to chemicalcomposition prescribed in Table 1.7. Methods of Chemical Analysis7.1 An analysi
11、s of each lot shall be made by the supplier.The analysis shall be made from representative test samplesobtained from the lot during pouring or from the final pig1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subc
12、ommitteeB02.02 on Refined Lead, Tin, Antimony, and Their Alloys.Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B339 - 00 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/B0339-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.o
13、rg, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. the last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 1
14、00 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.product. The chemical composition determined shall conformto the requirements of Table 1.7.2 If a product analysis is desired by the purchaser, it shallbe made in the purchasers laboratory or elsewhere. Suchanalysis m
15、ay be made by various methods including, but notlimited to, wet chemical or spectrographic techniques.8. Lot8.1 All tin of Grade A or B produced and cast at one timeshall constitute a lot for chemical analysis. Each pig of the lotshall bear a single identifying number that can be related to themanuf
16、acturing lot. This lot number can be cast, metal diestamped, or marked legibly upon each pig.9. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance9.1 The manufacturer shall use care to have each lot of tinmaterial as uniform in quality as possible.9.2 The pigs shall be clean and reasonably free of adheringforeign m
17、aterial.10. Sampling for Chemical Analysis10.1 Care must be taken to ensure that the sample selectedfor testing is representative of the material. The method ofsampling for chemical analysis shall be agreed upon mutuallybetween the supplier and the purchaser and shall consist of oneof the following
18、methods:10.1.1 Test samples taken from the lot during casting or10.1.2 Test samples taken from the final solidified cast pigproduct.10.2 Sampling From the Lot During CastingThe suppliermay obtain representative chill cast samples from the lot ofmolten metal during casting. The shape of the cast samp
19、le shallbe agreed upon by all parties concerned. The molten metalshall be mechanically stirred and dip samples taken. If thematerial is produced in a pot or kettle, the material shall bedrossed, stirred, and dip samples taken. If the facility does notallow for dip sampling, the samples shall be take
20、n at thebeginning, at the middle, and at the end of the pour. Thesampling ladle must be clean and heated and the molten metalcast into chilled molds which produce forms suitable forinstrument use, drilling of cast sample, or sawing of castsample. Samples drawn at the producers plant shall be from ac
21、lean bath of metal with all dross having been removed.10.3 Sampling of Cast Pig Product:10.3.1 If the pigs are of standard form (see Fig. 1), thesample for chemical analysis shall be taken in accordance with10.3.3.1, 10.3.3.2,or10.3.3.4. If the pigs differ in shape andsize from those shown in Fig. 1
22、, the supplier and purchasershould agree mutually as to the method to follow in samplingsuch pigs.10.3.2 SamplingA portion representative of the total ship-ment shall be selected at random for the final sample. For lotscontaining at least 55 115 lb (25 000 kg) of pig tin, one pigshall be taken for e
23、very 10 000 lb (4530 kg) or part thereof. Forsmaller lots, five pigs shall be taken at random. In case ofshipment lots less than five pigs, each pig shall be sampled atleast once or as many times as may be necessary to provide asufficient sample for analysis. A minimum of five pigs ispreferred for s
24、ampling. If a shipment is comprised of batchesidentified by heat numbers, each heat should be sampled as aseparate lot.TABLE 1 Chemical Composition and Impurity ContentsElementComposition, - wt%Grade “A” Grade “B”Grade “A” forthe Manufactureof TinplateUltra PureGradeTin, min 99.85 99.85 99.85 99.95A
25、ntimony, max 0.04 0.015 0.04 0.005Arsenic, max 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.005Bismuth, max 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.015Cadmium, max 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001Copper, max 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.005Iron, max 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010Lead, max 0.05 0.5 0.010 0.001Ni + Co, max 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.010Sulfur, max 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.010Z
26、inc, max 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Silver, max 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.010Other impuritiesA0.010 0.010AMaximum per impurity not listed above.FIG. 1 Pig Tin Sampling MethodsB339 12210.3.3 Sample PreparationEach pig should be cleanedthoroughly to rid the surface of dirt or adhering foreignmaterial prior to samp
27、ling by one of the following methods:sawing, drilling, or melting.10.3.3.1 SawingThe pigs selected shall be sawed com-pletely through as illustrated in Fig. 1 (one cut per pig) or shallbe sawed half way across from both sides as illustrated in Fig.2 and Fig. 3 (two cuts on each pig). The sawings fro
28、m all thepigs shall be mixed thoroughly and quartered, and the samplesfor analysis taken from the mixed material. The sawings mustbe free of extraneous material introduced from the saw blade.All sawings should be screened to remove any coagulated sawchips and treated with a strong magnet to remove i
29、ronintroduced by sawing. No lubricant shall be used when sawing.10.3.3.2 DrillingThe pigs shall be drilled all the waythrough the depth of pig as shown in Fig. 4 (one hole per pig)or drilled half way through the depth of pig from top andbottom as shown in Fig. 5 (two holes12 depth per pig). A drills
30、ize of about12 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter is preferred and inno instance shall the drill size be less than38 in. (9.5 mm) indiameter. A standing drill or bench drill should be usedwhenever possible, as hand held drills are normally high speed,therefore creating problems with drill breakage. In drilli
31、ng, theholes shall be spaced along a diagonal line from one corner ofthe pig to the opposite corner. No lubricant shall be used indrilling. The drillings shall be clipped into pieces not over12in. in length, mixed thoroughly, quartered, and treated with astrong magnet to remove iron introduced by th
32、e drilling.10.3.3.3 The saws, drills, cutter, or other tools used forsampling shall be thoroughly cleaned prior to use. The cleaningof the test samples shall include machining the test pieces inseveral positions to remove oxidized surfaces not as specifiedin Fig. 1. Metal pieces so produced are not
33、to be included inany sample. Whenever possible, it is preferred that the sam-pling tools used are not composed of material that could causecontamination. Tools made of iron may contaminate the tinsample if the iron particles embedded in the soft tin are notcompletely removed by magnetic separation.1
34、0.3.3.4 MeltingWhole pigs or portions of pigs producedby sawing or drilling shall be melted under palm oil in a cleanvessel and heated to the auto ignition point (600F (316C) ofpalm oil, and must be stirred immediately prior to sampling.The molten tin shall be chill cast into shapes for use in thesp
35、ectrographic analysis, or chill cast into thin sample bars notto exceed38 in. (9.5 mm) thick for sawing. Residual palm oilin the surface should be removed in hot distilled water with asuitable detergent. For sample bars, saw cuts shall be madehalfway across the bar from each side and staggered so th
36、ey are3164 in. (12.5 mm) apart; the sawings so produced are treated inaccordance with 10.3.3.1.10.3.4 Sample Size:10.3.4.1 For spectrographic analysis, three samples shall beprepared of a size and shape satisfactory for use by thelaboratory at which the analysis is to be made.10.3.4.2 For wet chemic
37、al analysis, each prepared sample(sawings or drillings) shall weigh at least 113 lb (600 g).10.3.5 Aspects of sampling and sample preparation notspecifically covered in this specification shall be carried out inaccordance with Practice E88.FIG. 2 Pigs Sampled in Sets of Five According to Template as
38、Shown AboveFIG. 3 Method of Sampling Tin by SawingFIG. 4 TemplateNOTE 1Pigs selected for sampling shall be placed side by side, everyother pig bottom up and sampled according to template in sets of five pigseach as indicated above. The pigs shall be drilled at least halfway through.When a larger sam
39、ple is desired the pigs shall be turned over and sampledon the other side.FIG. 5 TemplateMethod of Sampling Tin by DrillingB339 12311. Significance of Numerical Limits11.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed inTable 1, an obser
40、ved value or a calculated value shall berounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding methodof Practice E29.12. Test Method12.1 Analyze the sample of tin for impurities in accordancewith Test Methods E46 or Methods E51 or E57.12.2 An alternative method that may be used by the pur-chaser is th
41、e wet chemical method; however, this method is notacceptable in the case of disagreement.13. Inspection13.1 Inspection may be made at the manufacturers factorywhere the material is made, or at the point where it is received,at the option of the purchaser.13.2 If the purchaser elects to have inspecti
42、on made at themanufacturers factory or at a public warehouse, the manufac-turer shall afford the inspector representing the purchaser allreasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is beingfurnished in accordance with this specification. All tests andinspection shall be so conducted as no
43、t to interfere with theoperation of the factory.14. Rejection and Rehearing14.1 RejectionMaterial that fails to conform to the re-quirements of this specification may be rejected. Rejectionshould be reported to the supplier promptly and in writing. Incase of dissatisfaction with the results of the t
44、est, the suppliermay make claim for a rehearing.14.2 Rejection shall be considered as follows:14.2.1 Variation in weight, quantity, dimensions, or quality.14.2.2 Chemical Composition:14.2.2.1 In case of dispute, the pigs shall be sampled in thepresence of both parties in accordance with 10.3.14.2.2.
45、2 The resulting sample (at least 4 lb (1800 g) shallbe mixed and separated into three equal parts, each of whichshall be placed in a sealed package, one for the supplier, one forthe purchaser, and one for the umpire, if necessary. Themanufacturer and purchaser shall each make an analysis, and ifthe
46、results do not establish or dismiss the claim to thesatisfaction of both parties, the sample shall be submitted to amutually agreed upon umpire, who shall determine the ques-tion of fact, and whose determination shall be final.14.3 RehearingIn the event of disagreement between thesupplier and the pu
47、rchaser on the conformance of the materialto the requirements of this specification, a mutually acceptableumpire shall perform the test in accordance with an agreedupon method. The results of the umpires testing shall be usedin determining conformance of the material to this specifica-tion.14.4 The
48、expenses of the umpire shall be paid by the loseror divided in proportion to the concession made in the case ofa compromise. In case of rejection being established, thedamages shall be limited to the payment of freight both waysby the supplier for substitution of an equivalent weight ofmaterial conf
49、orming to this specification.15. Certification15.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, asuppliers certificate of analysis and weight certificate shall befurnished to the purchaser that the material was manufacturedand inspected in accordance with this specification and hasbeen found to meet the requirements.16. Product Marking16.1 A brand or trademark by which the supplier can beidentified shall be cast upon each pig.17. Packaging and Package Marking17.1 Unless otherwise specified, pig tin purchased underthis specification shall be stacked in
