1、Designation: B 351/B 351M 07Used in USDOE-NE standardsStandard Specification forHot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Zirconium and ZirconiumAlloy Bars, Rod, and Wire for Nuclear Application1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 351/B 351M; the number immediately following the designation ind
2、icates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers four grades of
3、 wrought zirco-nium and zirconium alloy bars, rod, and wire as follows:1.1.1 R60001Unalloyed grade,1.1.2 R60802Zirconium-Tin alloy (Zircaloy 2),1.1.3 R60804Zirconium-Tin alloy (Zircaloy 4), and1.1.4 R60901Zirconium-Niobium alloy.1.2 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion massgain in mg/
4、dm2, the values stated in either inch-pound or SIunits are to be regarded separately as standard. The valuesstated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore eachsystem must be used independently of the other. SI valuescannot be mixed with inch-pound values.1.3 The following precautionary c
5、aveat pertains only to thetest method portions of this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applic
6、ability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 350/B 350M Specification for Zirconium and ZirconiumAlloy Ingots for Nuclear ApplicationE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Testsof Metall
7、ic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE114 Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-BeamExamination by the Contact MethodE 214 Practice for Immersed Ultrasonic Testing by theReflection Method Using Pulsed Longitudinal WavesG
8、2/G 2M Test Method for Corrosion Testing of Products ofZirconium, Hafnium, and Their Alloys in Water at 680F360C or in Steam at 750F 400C3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 annealed, ndenotes material that exhibits a recrys-tallized grain structure.3.2 Lot Definiti
9、on:3.2.1 lot, nmaterial of the same size, shape, condition,and finish produced from the same ingot or powder blend bythe same reduction schedule and the same heat treatmentparameters. Unless otherwise agreed between manufacturerand purchaser, a lot shall be limited to the product of a 12 hperiod for
10、 final continuous anneal, or to a single furnace loadfor final batch anneal.3.3 Forms Definitions:3.3.1 bar, n:3.3.1.1 rounds, squares and hexagons, n38 in. (9.5 mm)and over in diameter or size.3.3.1.2 flats, n14 to 10 in. (6.4 to 250 mm) inclusive inwidth and18 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness. T
11、hickness18in. (3.2 mm) to under316 in. (4.8 m) can be cold-rolled strip aswell as bar.3.3.2 rod, nrounds in coils for subsequent reworking14 to34 in. (6.4 to 19 mm) in diameter.3.3.3 wire, nmaterial less than38 in. (9.5 mm) in diameteror size, in round, hexagonal, or octagonal cross section,furnishe
12、d in coils or on spools or reels.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in-clude the following information as applicable:4.1.1 Grade (see Section 1),4.1.2 Dimensions and form (see 3.3),4.1.3 Chemical analysis of elements not listed (see 6.1.3),4.1.4 Product an
13、alysis (see 6.1.1.1 and 6.2),4.1.5 Tensile test temperatures (7.1),4.1.6 Metallurgical condition (see 9.1 and 9.2),4.1.7 Ultrasonic test standard hole size (see 10.2.2),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct r
14、esponsibility ofSubcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B 351/B 351M 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer S
15、ervice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.8 Additional ultrasonic tests (see 10
16、.2.4),4.1.9 Material condition and finish (Section 13),4.1.10 Workmanship standards and methods of inspection(Section 14),4.1.11 Product marking (Section 20), and4.1.12 Packaging and package marking (Section 21).4.2 In addition to the data specified in 4.1, the followingoptions and points of agreeme
17、nt between the manufacturer andthe purchaser should be specified on the purchase order asrequired:4.2.1 Tolerances (Section 10),4.2.2 Workmanship standards (Section 13),4.2.3 Special tests (Section 12),4.2.4 Inspection (Section 17),4.2.5 Corrosion visual standards (Section 9), and4.2.6 Oxygen limits
18、 (see footnote A, Table 1).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Material covered by this specification shall be madefrom ingots that conform to Specification B 350/B 350M andthat are produced by vacuum or plasma arc melting, vacuumelectron-beam melting, a combination of these three methodsor other meltin
19、g processes conventionally used for reactivemetals. All processes to be done in furnaces usually used forreactive metals.5.2 The various mill products covered by this specificationshall be formed with the conventional extrusion, forging, orrolling equipment normally found in primary ferrous andnonfe
20、rrous plants.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The grades of zirconium and zirconium alloy metalcovered by this specification shall conform to the chemicalcomposition requirements prescribed in Table 1.6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 1 are intentional alloyadditions or elements that are inherent to the
21、manufacture ofsponge, ingot or mill product.6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 1 aredeemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table1 by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrapadditions to the ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis forelements not listed in
22、Table 1 shall not be required unlessspecified in the purchase order and shall be considered to be inexcess of the intent of this specification.6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must beidentified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.6.1.3 When agreed upon by producer and purc
23、haser andrequested by the purchaser in his written purchase order,chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residualelements not listed in this specification.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, Weight %UNS R60001 UNS R60802 UNS R60804 UNS R60901Tin . . . 1.201.70 1.201.70 . . .I
24、ron . . . 0.070.20 0.180.24 . . .Chromium . . . 0.050.15 0.070.13 . . .Nickel . . . 0.030.08 . . . . . .Niobium (columbium) . . . . . . . . . 2.402.80OxygenAA A0.090.15Iron + chromium + nickel . . . 0.180.38 . . . . . .Iron + chromium . . . . . . 0.280.37 . . .Maximum Impurities, Weight %Aluminum 0.
25、0075 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075Boron 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005Cadmium 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005Calcium . 0.0030 0.0030 .Carbon 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027Chromium 0.020 . . . . . . 0.020Cobalt 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020Copper 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Hafnium 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010Hydrogen 0.00
26、25 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025Iron 0.150 . . . . . . 0.150Magnesium 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020Manganese 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Molybdenum 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Nickel 0.0070 . . . 0.0070 0.0070Niobium . 0.0100 0.0100 .Nitrogen 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080Phosphorus . . . . . . . . . 0.0020Silicon
27、0.0120 0.0120 0.0120 0.0120Tin 0.0050 . . . . . . 0.010Tungsten 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010Titanium 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Uranium (total) 0.00035 0.00035 0.00035 0.00035AWhen so specified in the purchase order, oxygen shall be determined and reported. Maximum, minimum, or both, permissible values s
28、hould be specified in thepurchase order.B 351/B 351M 0726.2 The manufacturers ingot analysis shall be consideredthe chemical analysis, except for hydrogen, oxygen, andnitrogen content, which shall be determined on the finishedproduct. Alternatively, the manufacturer may sample an inter-mediate or fi
29、nal size during processing with the same fre-quency and in the same positions relative to the ingot, asspecified in Specification B 350/B 350M, to determine thecomposition, except for hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, whichshall be determined on the finished product.6.3 Check Analysis:6.3.1 Check anal
30、ysis is an analysis made by the purchaser orthe manufacturer of the metal after it has been processed intofinished mill forms, and is either for the purpose of verifyingthe composition of a heat or lot or to determine variations in thecomposition within a heat or lot.6.3.2 Check analysis limits shal
31、l be as specified in Table 2.6.3.3 Check analysis tolerances do not broaden the specifiedheat analysis requirements but cover variations between labo-ratories in the measurement of chemical content.6.3.4 The manufacturer shall not ship material that isoutside the limits specified in Table 1 for the
32、applicable grade.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shallconform to the tensile properties prescribed in Table 3 whentested at ambient temperature. Elevated temperature propertiesshall be used to determine compliance only when specified inthe purchase ord
33、er.7.2 Requirements for mechanical properties do not apply towire.8. Condition8.1 The grades of zirconium and zirconium alloy metalcovered by this specification shall conform to the chemicalcomposition requirements prescribed in Table 1.8.2 Grade R60901 in sizes under 1 in. (25 mm) in minimumdimensi
34、on furnished under this specification shall be in thecold-worked condition unless otherwise specified. Sizes 1 in.(25 mm) and over in minimum dimension shall be furnished inthe annealed condition unless otherwise specified.9. Metallurgical Properties9.1 Unless otherwise stated in the purchase order,
35、 thematerials supplied under these specifications shall be in thefully annealed condition, that is, at least 90 % recrystallized.9.2 Other conditions, such as cold-worked or stress-relieved, can be specified as agreed upon between the pur-chaser and the manufacturer at the time of purchase.10. Speci
36、al Requirements10.1 Corrosion Properties:10.1.1 Two samples chosen at random from each 4000 lb(1800 kg) or fraction thereof shall be corrosion tested in steamat 750F (400C), 1500 psi (10.3 MPa), for 72 h or 336 h at theoption of the manufacturer in accordance with Test MethodG 2/G 2M.10.1.2 Acceptan
37、ce Criterion:10.1.2.1 Grades R60802 and R60804All coupons thustested shall exhibit a continuous, black, lustrous oxide film andbe free of white or brown corrosion product in excess ofstandards previously agreed upon between manufacturer andpurchaser. Coupons shall exhibit a weight gain of not moreth
38、an 22 mg/dm2in a 72-h test or 38 mg/dm2in a 336-h test.10.1.2.2 Grade R60901All coupons shall exhibit a con-tinuous, uniform, dark gray oxide film. Coupons shall exhibit aweight gain of not more than 35 mg/dm2in a 72-h test or 60mg/dm2in a 336-h test.10.2 Ultrasonic Inspection:10.2.1 In lieu of the
39、ultrasonic test of the ingot as specifiedin Specification B 350/B 350M, the manufacturer may alterna-tively perform ultrasonic inspection at an intermediate size inaccordance with Practices E114and E 214, with the approvalof the purchaser.10.2.2 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, therefere
40、nce standard shall consist of a 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) flatbottom hole drilled perpendicular to the longitudinal productaxis to a depth of 0.5 in. (13 mm).10.2.3 Any defect reflections greater than the indicationfrom the reference standard should be rejected.10.2.4 Additional tests may be specified in th
41、e purchaseorder. The test method and standards shall be agreed upon inadvance between manufacturer and purchaser.11. Significance of Numerical Limits11.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thefollowing table, an observed va
42、lue or a calculated value shallbe rounded as indicated in accordance with the roundingmethods of Practice E29.PropertyRounded Unit for Observedor Calculated ValueChemical composition, and toler-ances (when expressed as decimals)nearest unit in the last right-handplace of figures of the specified lim
43、itTensile strength and yield strength nearest 1000 psi (10 MPa)Elongation nearest 1 %12. Permissible Variations in Dimensions12.1 Table 4, Permissible variations in sectional dimensionsfor hot-worked bars in rounds and squares.12.2 Table 5, Permissible variations in hot-rolled flat bars orbars shear
44、ed from plate.12.3 Table 6, Permissible variations in forged bars.12.4 Table 7, Permissible variations in diameter for cold-finished bars.TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Product AnalysisAlloying ElementsPermissible Variation from theSpecified Range (Table 1), %Tin 0.050Iron 0.020Chromium 0.010Nick
45、el 0.010Iron + chromium 0.020Iron + chromium + nickel 0.020Niobium 0.050Oxygen 0.020Each Impurity Element 20 ppm or 20 % of the specifiedlimit, whichever is smallerB 351/B 351M 07312.5 Table 8, Permissible variations in diameter for roundwire.12.6 Table 9, Permissible variations in length for hot- o
46、rcold-finished bars.12.7 Table 10, Permissible variations in straightness forhot-or cold-finished bars.13. Condition and Finish13.1 Bar, rod, or wire shall be furnished in one of thefollowing conditions as designated on the purchase order:13.1.1 Grades R60001, R60802, and R60804 furnishedunder this
47、specification shall be in the annealed conditionunless otherwise specified.13.1.2 Grade R60901 in sizes under 1 in. (25 mm) inminimum dimension furnished under this specification shall bein the cold-worked condition unless otherwise specified. Sizes1 in. (25 mm) and over in minimum dimension shall b
48、efurnished in the annealed condition unless otherwise specified.14. Workmanship and Appearance14.1 Cracks, seams, slivers, blisters, burrs, and other inju-rious imperfections shall not exceed standards of acceptabilityagreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser.14.2 Finished bar, rod or wire s
49、hall be free of injuriousinternal and external imperfections of a nature that willinterfere with the purpose for which it was intended.14.3 The finished bar, rod or wire shall be visibly free ofoxide, grease, oil, residual lubricants, and other extraneousmaterials.14.4 Methods of testing for these defects and standards ofacceptability shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.14.5 The manufacturer shall be permitted to remove surfaceimperfections provided such removal does not reduce thedimensions below the minimum p
