1、Designation: B 388 06Standard Specification forThermostat Metal Sheet and Strip1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in paren
2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers thermostat metals in the formof sheet or strip that are used for the temperature-sensitiveelements of devices for controlli
3、ng, compensating, or indicat-ing temperature and is intended to supply acceptance require-ments to purchasers ordering this material by type designation.1.2 The values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as thestandard. The metric equivalent to inch-pound units may beapproximate.1.3 This standard
4、 does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the
5、manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B63 Test Method for Resistivity of Metallically Conduct-ing Resistance and Contact MaterialsB 106 Test Methods for Flexi
6、vity of Thermostat MetalsB 223 Test Method for Modulus of Elasticity of ThermostatMetals (Cantilever Beam Method)B 362 Test Method for Mechanical Torque Rate of SpiralCoils of Thermostat MetalB 389 Test Method for Thermal Deflection Rate of Spiraland Helical Coils of Thermostat MetalB 478 Test Metho
7、d for Cross Curvature of ThermostatMetalsB 753 Specification for Thermostat Component AlloysC 351 Test Method for Mean Specific Heat of ThermalInsulationE92 Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Mate-rialsE 384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Ma-terials3. Terminology3.1 Definitio
8、n:3.1.1 thermostat metal, na composite material comprisingtwo or more metallic layers of differing coefficients of thermalexpansion such that the radius of curvature of the compositechanges with temperature change.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includet
9、he following information:4.1.1 Type designation (Table 1 and Table 2),4.1.2 Thickness (see 9.1),4.1.3 Width (see 9.2),4.1.4 Temper (designated as percent cold reduction asneeded),4.1.5 Marking to identify vendor, type, high-expansion sideor low-expansion side,4.1.6 Weight.5. Material Segregation5.1
10、The thermostat metal shall be supplied segregated intotwo groups after slitting: (1) the burr on the low-expansivecomponent, and (2) the burr on the high-expansive component.These two groups shall be identified and packaged separatelyor together as mutually agreed upon between the producer andthe us
11、er.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The nominal composition of component materials isgiven in Table 1.6.1.1 The component alloys shall be as specified in Speci-fication B 753.7. Component Ratio7.1 The typical thickness ratio of the component materials isgiven in Table 1. The component thickness ratios are
12、 given forreference as they are lot-to-lot variable to produce required1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.10 on Thermostat Metals and Electrical Resistance Heating Materials.Current ed
13、ition approved June 1, 2006. Published July 2006. Originally approvedin 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as B 388 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informati
14、on, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.flexivity and resistivity. Barrier(s) layer(s) for stability ofresistivity is (are) allowable. Flexivity may vary.8.
15、Physical Requirements8.1 Maximum Sensitivity RangeThe temperature rangesof maximum thermal response of designated types of thermo-stat metals are given in Table 2 and Table 3. These are nominalvalues presented only to aid users in designing devices.8.2 Maximum Recommended TemperatureThe maximumrecom
16、mended temperatures of use of designated types ofthermostat metals are given in Table 2 and Table 3. Thesevalues are presented to aid users in designing devices.8.3 FlexivityThe flexivity of a designated thermostatmetal shall conform to the values in Table 2 and Table 3.Component materials designate
17、d in Specification B 753 shall,in thermostat metal combinations, yield product in conform-ance with the values designated in Table 2 and Table 3.TABLE 1 CompositionNOTE 1TM6 and TM7 are no longer manufactured due to availability, difficulty to produce, commercial interest, or combinations thereof.El
18、ementASTM TypeTM1 TM2 TM3 TM4 TM5 TM8 TM9Nominal chemical high-expansive nickel 22 10 25 25 25 10 22composition, component chromium 3 . 8.5 8.5 8.5 . 3weight,% manganese . 72 . . . 72 .copper . 18 . . . 18 .iron 75 . 66.5 66.5 66.5 . 75aluminum . . . . . . .carbon . . . . . . .intermediatecomponentn
19、ickelmanganese.100.low-expansivecomponentnickelironcobalt3664.3664.4258.4555.5050.3664.3664.Component ratio,thickness, %high-expansivecomponent50 53 50 50 50 80 27intermediatecomponent. . . . . . 46low-expansivecomponent50 47 50 50 50 20 27ElementASTM TypeTM10 TM11 TM12 TM13 TM14 TM15 TM16Nominal ch
20、emical high-expansive nickel 22 22 22 22 22 22 22composition, component chromium 3 3 3 3 3 3 3weight,% manganese . . . . . . .copper . . . . . . .iron 75757575757575aluminum . . . . . . .carbon . . . . . . .intermediatecomponentnickelmanganese100.100.100.100.100.100.100.low-expansivecomponentnickeli
21、roncobalt3664.3664.3664.3664.3664.3664.3664.Component ratio,thickness, %high-expansivecomponent34 36 40 42 44 47 48intermediatecomponent32 28 20 16 12 6 4low-expansivecomponent34 36 40 42 44 47 48ElementASTM TypeTM17 TM18 TM19 TM20 TM21 TM22 TM23Nominal chemical high-expansive nickel 22 19.4 19.4 18
22、 18 100 10composition, component chromium 3 2.25 2.25 11.5 11.5 . .weight,% manganese . . . . . . 72copper . . . . . . 18iron 75 78.3 78.3 70.5 70.5 . .aluminum . . . . . . .carbon . 0.5 0.5 . . . .B388062TABLE 1 ContinuedElementASTM TypeTM17 TM18 TM19 TM20 TM21 TM22 TM23intermediatecomponentnickelm
23、anganese100.low-expansivecomponentnickelironcobalt3664.4258.3961.3664.4258.3664.4258.Component ratio,thickness,%high-expansivecomponent49 50 50 50 50 50 54intermediatecomponent2 . . . . . .low-expansivecomponent49 50 50 50 50 50 46ASTM TypeElement TM24 TM25 TM26 TM27 TM28 TM29 TM30Nominal chemical h
24、igh-expansive nickel 22 22 22 22 22 20 22composition, component chromium 3 3 3 3 3 . 3weight, % manganese . . . . . 6.5 .copper . . . . . . .iron 75 75 75 75 75 73.5 75aluminum . . . . . . .carbon . . . . . . .intermediatecomponentcoppermanganese100.100.100.100.100.low-expansivecomponentnickelironco
25、balt3664.3664.3664.3664.3664.3664.4258.ASTM TypeTM24 TM25 TM26 TM27 TM28 TM29 TM30resistivity ohm cirmil/ft20 30 50 70 90 477 415Component ratio,thickness, %high-expansivecomponent10 20 31 38 42 50 50intermediatecomponent53 35 20 14 10 . .low-expansivecomponent37 45 49 48 48 50 50ASTM TypeElement TM
26、31 TM32 TM33 TM34 TM35 TM36Nominal chemical high-expansive nickel 10 10 10 10 19 25composition, component chromium . . . . 2 8weight, % manganese 72 72 72 72 . .copper 18 18 18 18 . .iron . . . . 79 67aluminum . . . . . .carbon . . . . . .intermediatecomponentcoppermanganese100.100.100.100.low-expan
27、sivecomponentnickelironcobalt3664.3664.3664.3664.3664.3664.ASTM TypeTM31 TM32 TM33 TM34 TM35 TM36resistivity ohm cirmil/ft30 150 50 70 482 500Component ratio,thickness, %high-expansivecomponent26 50 42 45 50 50intermediatecomponent38 6 21 15 . .low-expansivecomponent36 44 37 40 50 50B3880638.3.1 Fle
28、xivity shall be determined by Test Methods B 106,Method A.8.3.2 Residual stress loading can affect flexivity test results.Specimens shall be stabilized prior to testing by stress relief for1 h at 500F (260C). Suitable stress relief conditions must bedetermined for individual end use applications. In
29、itial condi-tion recommendations are given in Table 2.8.4 Electrical ResistivityThe electrical resistivity shallconform to the values given in Table 2 and Table 3. Componentmaterials designated in Specification B 753 shall, in thermostatmetal combinations, yield product in conformance with thevalues
30、 designated in Table 2 and Table 3.8.4.1 Electrical resistivity shall be determined by TestMethod B63at 75F (24C).8.5 Modulus of ElasticityThe nominal moduli of elasticityof designated thermostat metals at a temperature of 75F(24C) are given in Table 2 and Table 3. These are nominalvalues presented
31、to aid users in designing devices and shall notbe used for rejection or acceptance purposes.8.5.1 Modulus of elasticity shall be determined by TestMethod B 223.8.6 Specific HeatThe nominal specific heat of the desig-nated thermostat metals is 0.12 BTU/lbF (500 J/kgK). Thisnominal value is presented
32、to aid users in designing devicesand shall not be used for rejection or acceptance purposes.8.6.1 The specific heat shall be determined by Test MethodC 351.8.7 DensityThe nominal densities of designated thermo-stat metals are given in Table 2 and Table 3. These are nominalvalues presented to aid use
33、rs in designing devices and shall notbe used for rejection or acceptance purposes.8.8 HardnessThe hardness of the components of a desig-nated thermostat metal shall conform to those specificationsestablished by the producer and shall be as mutually agreedupon between the producer and the user. In th
34、e case of three ormore components, the hardness of the outer components onlyare determined.8.8.1 The hardness shall be determined by Test MethodE92, when test loads of 1 kgf (9.8 N) or higher are used. Forthinner materials requiring the use of test loads less than 1 kgf,hardness shall be determined
35、by Test Method E 384.8.8.1.1 When using Test Method E 384, the preferred unit ofmeasurement shall be Vickers hardness (HV) as defined in theformulae definition of that method.8.8.1.2 When testing thermostat metals, the thickness of anindividual component shall be at least one and one-half timesthe d
36、iagonal length of the hardness indenter impression.8.8.1.3 The center of the impression shall not be closer toany edge of test specimen or to another impression than adistance equal to two and one-half times the length of diagonalof the impression. When laminated material is tested, a bondinterface
37、shall be considered as an edge for spacing ofindentation calculations.9. Dimensions and Permissible Variations9.1 ThicknessThe thickness shall be that specified in thepurchase order or drawing and the tolerance shall be asspecified in Table 4.9.2 WidthThe width shall be that specified in the purchas
38、eorder or drawing and the tolerance shall be as specified inTables 5 and 6.9.3 CoilsMaterial furnished in the form of coils shall besupplied as mutually agreed upon between the producer and theuser. The inner diameter and the outer diameter or the innerdiameter and the maximum or minimum weight may
39、bespecified. As mutually agreed upon between the producer andthe user a specified maximum percentage may be supplied lessthan the minimum outer diameter or weight specified.9.3.1 WeldsWelds used to provide single continuouslengths necessary to meet coil size or weight specificationsshall be clearly
40、identified as established by the producer or asmutually agreed upon between the producer and the user. Thewelds shall be to the material dimensions or smaller. Aminimum length between welds may be specified.9.4 CamberCamber is a longitudinal deviation from astraight line measured as a chord height.
41、The camber shall notexceed932 in. (7.1 mm) maximum chord height in a 3-ft(0.91-m) length.9.5 Cross CurvatureCross curvature is a deviation fromflat at 75F (24C) across the width and is measured as a chordheight. The cross curvature tolerance shall be as mutuallyagreed to between the producer and the
42、 user.9.5.1 The cross curvature shall be determined by TestMethod B 478.9.6 FlatnessThe maximum deviation (expressed as achord height) from flat at 75F (25C) shall be: Chord height,in. = 0.0005/t where t = thickness of material, in. Chordheight, mm = 0.323/t where t = thickness of material, mm.This
43、equation applies to chord length of 3 in. (76 mm).10. Bond10.1 The bond between the component materials shall bestrong and complete over the entire area of the sheet or strip.11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance11.1 The surface of the material shall be free of cracks,seams, laps, scratches, blist
44、ers, rust, or other defects detrimen-tal to the performance of the material or to the manufacture ofparts therefrom. Surface of strip at welds for continuous coilsshall be reasonably free of the above defects, but not to theextent specified on the balance of the material surface.12. Edges12.1 The ed
45、ges of a thermostat metal product shall be as slitwith burr less than 10 % of metal thickness.13. Identification13.1 Identification of the thermostat metal sheet or strip bymeans of repetitive characters or patterns shall be as mutuallyagreed upon between the producer and the user. Any markingshall
46、be over the entire length and width preferably on thelow-expansion side with a durable and legible etching stain.14. Sampling14.1 The producer shall assign a lot number to each lot foridentification and traceability. The lot shall be one continuousbonding sequence for which component alloy heat numb
47、ersshall be documented.B388064TABLE 2 Properties of Thermostat Metals (Inch-Pound Units)NOTE 1TM6 and TM7 are no longer manufactured due to availability, difficulty to produce, commercial interest, or combinations thereof.Properties UnitsASTM TypeTM1 TM2 TM3 TM4 TM5 TM8 TM9Maximum sensitivitytempera
48、ture rangeF 0 to 300 0 to 400 200 to 600 250 to 700 300 to 850 0 to 400 0 to 300Maximum recommendedtemperatureF 1000 500 1000 1000 1000 500 900Flexivity 3 10650 to 200F 15.0 6 5 % 21.7 6 5 % 10.4 6 6% 8.66 6% 6.46 6 % 15.6 6 8% 11.56 10 %100 to 300F 14.6 6 5 % 21.1 6 5 % 10.6 6 6% 9.06 6% 6.66 6 % 1
49、5.6 6 8% 11.26 10 %Heat treatment F 700 500 700 700 700 500 700Electrical resistivity at Vcmil/ft 475 6 4 % 675 6 5 % 435 6 4 % 400 6 4 % 345 6 5 % 850 6 5 % 100 6 5.5 %75F Vmil2/ft 373 6 4 % 530 6 5 % 342 6 4 % 314 6 4 % 271 6 5% 6686 5% 786 5.5 %Modulus of elasticity psi 3 10625 20 25 25 25.5 19.5 26Density lb/in.30.29 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.27 0.31TM10 TM11 TM12 TM13 TM14 TM15 TM16Maximum sensitivitytemperature rangeF 0 to 300 0 to 300 0 to 300 0 to 300 0 to 300 0 to 300 0 to 300Maximum recommendedtemperature
