1、Designation: B 413 97a (Reapproved 2008)Standard Specification forRefined Silver1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 413; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pare
2、ntheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers refined silver cast bar2form inthree grades as follows:1.1.1 Grade 99.90 (UNS P07020)Silver having a mini-mum fineness of 9
3、99.0 commonly referred to as “commercialbar” or “bullion.”1.1.2 Grade 99.95 (UNS P07015)Silver having a mini-mum fineness of 999.5.1.1.3 Grade 99.99 (UNS P07010)A premium grade hav-ing a minimum fineness of 999.9.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.1.3 This standa
4、rd does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards, including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by t
5、he manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 378 Test Method f
6、or Spectrographic Analysis of Silver bythe Powder Technique43. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The silver shall be produced by any process that yieldsa product capable of meeting the requirements of this specifi-cation.3.2 The bars shall be of a quality generally acceptable to thetrade.3.3 The manufact
7、urer shall use care to have each shipmentof as uniform quality as possible.4. Chemical Composition4.1 The refined silver shall conform to the chemical com-position prescribed in Table 1.5. Lots5.1 A single melt shall constitute a lot for sampling.6. Method of Analysis6.1 The composition of the bars
8、or samples shall be deter-mined by any destructive or nondestructive method agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Unlessotherwise specifically agreed, chemical methods will be usedfor analysis. The chemical composition of the materials setforth in this specification shall be determi
9、ned, in case ofdisagreement, in accordance with Test Method E 378. The1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.05 on Precious Metals and Electrical Contact Materials.Current edition approved
10、 May 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B 413 97a (2003).2Other forms of unfabricated silver of commerce are not to be excluded underthis specification.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact AST
11、M Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsNOTE 1The following applies to all specified limits in this table: Forpurposes of determining conformanc
12、e with this specification, an observedvalue obtained from analysis shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” inthe last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value,in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.ElementA,BComposition, %Grade99.90(UNSP07020)Grade99.9
13、5(UNSP07015)Grade99.99(UNSP07010)Silver, min 99.90 99.95 99.99Silver and copper, min 99.95 . .Bismuth, max 0.001 0.001 0.0005Copper, max 0.08 0.04 0.010Iron, max 0.002 0.002 0.001Lead, max 0.025 0.015 0.001Palladium, max . . 0.001Selenium, max . . 0.0005Tellurium, max . . 0.0005AImpurities other tha
14、n those listed above may be included by special agreementbetween purchaser and manufacturer.BIn this specification, it is to be noted that while oxygen is neither specified nordetermined analytically, it is known to be present in the refined silver. Whencalculating the purity of refined silver by di
15、fference, oxygen will be considered assilver.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.selection of methods for the determination of elements notcovered by that test method shall be a matter of agreementbetween the manufacturer
16、 and the purchaser.7. Sampling7.1 The value of this material is such that special attentionmust be paid to sampling procedures. If the purchaser and themanufacturer agree that samples most representative of theassay value of a melt are required, the samples should be takenfrom the silver melt as it
17、is ready for pouring into molds. Thesamples should consist of shot or cast pins.7.2 On agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, analternative sampling procedure may be used.7.3 The amount of sample taken shall be sufficient to supplythree portions for analysis; the mass of each portion shall be
18、sufficient to permit the determination of its composition as setforth in Table 1.7.4 After mixing thoroughly, the sample shall be dividedinto three parts, each placed in a package and sealed, one forthe manufacturer, one for the purchaser, and one for theumpire.8. Product Marking8.1 A brand shall be
19、 cast or otherwise legibly marked uponeach bar, by which the manufacturer can be identified. The barshall be marked with the minimum fineness together with themelt number, bar number, and weight to the nearest 0.1 oz troy.9. Claims9.1 Claims to be considered shall be made to the manufac-turer in wri
20、ting within 30 days of receipt of the material at thepurchasers plant, and the results of the tests made by thepurchaser shall accompany such claims. The manufacturershall be given 1 week from the date of receipt of the complaintto investigate his records, and shall then agree either to satisfythe c
21、laim or to submit samples to an umpire. No claim shall beconsidered unless a portion of the original silver bars can beshown to the representative of the manufacturer.9.2 Where the silver satisfies the requirements of thisspecification, it shall not be condemned for defects in theproducts in which i
22、t is used.10. Investigation of Claims10.1 In a question of chemical composition, a new sampleshall be drawn by representatives of both parties in accordancewith Section 7. The properly mixed and quartered sample shallbe separated into three parts, each of which shall be placed ina sealed package, on
23、e for the manufacturer, one for thepurchaser, and one for an umpire, if necessary. The manufac-turer and the purchaser shall each make an analysis, and if theresults do not establish or dismiss the claim to the satisfactionof both parties, the third sample shall be submitted to amutually agreeable u
24、mpire, who shall determine the questionof fact, and whose determination shall be final.11. Settlement of Claims11.1 The expenses of the manufacturers representative andof the umpire shall be paid by the loser or divided in proportionto the concession made in case of compromise. In the case ofrejecti
25、on being established, the damages shall be limited to thepayment of freight both ways by the producer for substitutionof an equivalent weight of silver conforming to thisspecification.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SAMPLINGX1.1 When sampling is to be done on bars, the samplingpreferably shall
26、 be by drilling. This shall be done by aprocedure that will avoid errors due to segregation of impuri-ties within the bars and also will avoid surface contamination.X1.2 Drilling ProcedureAt least one bar of each meltshall be sampled. The bar or bars to be drilled shall bethoroughly brushed with a s
27、tiff fiber brush having bristleswhich are set in a nonmetallic holder.X1.3 Single BarThe bar shall be drilled at least six timeswith a 0.635 cm high-speed drill in a pattern similar to thatshown in Fig. 1. Three holes shall be drilled half way throughthe top face of the bar for the hole positions ma
28、rked “T.” Thebar shall be turned end over end and three holes drilled throughthe bottom face for the positions marked “B.” The bar shall bedrilled while on a clear surface of a material such as polyeth-ylene sheeting or a lint-free paper.X1.4 Several Bars From Same MeltThe same precautionsand proced
29、ure as that outlined for single bars shall be followed,except that the drillings representing the different orientation ofthe bar will be made on six different bars. For example, whensix bars are sampled, the sampling positions corresponding tothose in Fig. 1 are used except that only one hole will
30、be drilledin each bar corresponding to one of the six positions.B 413 97a (2008)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the va
31、lidity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your co
32、mments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments hav
33、e not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple
34、 copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).T in circleHole position in top of bar.B in broken circleHole position in bottom of bar.FIG. 1 Sample Drilling TemplateB 413 97a (2008)3
