1、Designation: B 533 85 (Reapproved 2004)Endorsed by AmericanElectroplaters SocietyEndorsed by NationalAssociation of Metal FinishersStandard Test Method forPeel Strength of Metal Electroplated Plastics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 533; the number immediately following the des
2、ignation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method gives two p
3、rocedures for measuring theforce required to peel a metallic coating from a plasticsubstrate.2One procedure (Procedure A) utilizes a universaltesting machine and yields reproducible measurements that canbe used in research and development, in quality control andproduct acceptance, in the description
4、 of material and processcharacteristics, and in communications. The other procedure(Procedure B) utilizes an indicating force instrument that is lessaccurate and that is sensitive to operator technique. It issuitable for process control use.1.2 The tests are performed on standard molded plaques.This
5、 method does not cover the testing of production electro-plated parts.1.3 The tests do not necessarily measure the adhesion of ametallic coating to a plastic substrate because in properlyprepared test specimens, separation usually occurs in theplastic just beneath the coating-substrate interface rat
6、her thanat the interface. It does, however, reflect the degree that theprocess is controlled.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health prac
7、tices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Document2.1 ASTM Standards:3E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3. Summary of Test Method3.1 A properly prepared standard test specimen, called aplaque, is copper electroplated, with no ad
8、ditional metalcoating. The coated plaque is either tested as is, or it isconditioned by a low-temperature bake and then tested. Thecoating is cut through to the plastic substrate in a way thatforms two strips of coating (see Fig. 1). Each strip is peeledfrom the substrate at a right angle using an i
9、nstrument thatindicates the force required to separate it from its substrate.4. Significance and Use4.1 The force required to separate a metallic coating from itsplastic substrate is determined by the interaction of severalfactors: the generic type and quality of the plastic moldingcompound, the mol
10、ding process, the process used to preparethe substrate for electroplating, and the thickness and mechani-cal properties of the metallic coating. By holding all othersconstant, the effect on the peel strength by a change in any oneof the above listed factors may be noted. Routine use of the testin a
11、production operation can detect changes in any of theabove listed factors.4.2 The peel test values do not directly correlate to theadhesion of metallic coatings on the actual product.4.3 When the peel test is used to monitor the coatingprocess, a large number of plaques should be molded at onetime f
12、rom a same batch of molding compound used in theproduction moldings to minimize the effects on the measure-ments of variations in the plastic and the molding process.5. Apparatus5.1 Procedure AA tension testing machine that has self-aligning grips and that has a loading range that includes theforces
13、 to be measured, 5 to 200 N, shall be used to separate thecoating from the substrate, and measure the force required. Themachine shall meet the verification requirements of PracticesE4.4,5The speed of separation of the crossarms of the machineshall be adjusted to give a separation rate of 25 6 3 mm/
14、min.The machine shall automatically and continuously record on achart the load on one coordinate and the amount of peel on theother coordinate. The amount of peel may be obtained fromcalculation, using a known chart speed.5.2 Procedure BA spring-loaded, force-indicating instru-ment with a measuremen
15、t range that includes the force to be1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallicand Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.08.03on Decorative Coatings.Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published April 2004. Originallyapproved i
16、n 1970. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as B 533 85 (1998).2This test is also known as the Jacquet Test. A detailed treatment of the test hasbeen published by Saubestre et al in Plating, Vol 52, 1965, p. 982.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM
17、Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The sole source of supply of the Instron universal testing machine known to thecommittee at this time is Instron Corp., Canton, MA.5If you are aw
18、are of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee1, which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho
19、hocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.measured, 5 to 200 N, shall be used to measure the forcerequired to separate the coating. The indicated force shall beaccurate to 610 %.6. Sampling6.1 A sampling procedure is not applicable to this testmethod.7. Test Specimen7.1 Perform the test using a flat, mol
20、ded plastic plaque suchas shown in Fig. 1. Plaque dimensions may vary up to 610 %provided that the edges of slit peel strips are not closer than 11mm from any plaque edge.8. Conditioning8.1 Condition the electroplated plaques requiring condition-ing by baking for1hinanair-circulating oven operated a
21、t70 6 3C. Place the plaques in the oven in a way that permitsfree circulation of air around all surfaces of the plaques. Allowthe conditioned plaques to cool to room temperature and thentest them within 1 h. Test the plaques that do not requireconditioning within 30 to 60 min following the coatingpr
22、ocess.NOTE 1The separation strength of an unconditioned plaque willchange with time. The separation strength of a conditioned plaque maychange with time after conditioning.9. Procedure9.1 Mold the required number of plaques using the specifiedmolding compound and molding procedure.NOTE 2When the tes
23、t is used as a control of the coating process,commercially prepared plaques can be used.9.2 Clean, activate, and electroplate the plaques as speci-fied. The thickness of the metallic coating in the test area (seeFig. 1) shall be 40 6 4 m.NOTE 3It is necessary to have a ductile copper coating to perf
24、orm thistest. The thickness and uniformity of thickness of the metallic coatingdirectly influence the peel strength; therefore, in order to standardize thistest, the coating thickness is specified. If a different coating thickness isused, the results will not be comparable to other test results. It
25、may benecessary to use shielding during plating to obtain the required coatingthickness uniformity.69.3 Cut through the coating along the dashed lines shown inFig. 1, and also along the centerline so as to produce twoparallel strips of coating that are 25.00 6 0.25 mm wide andapproximately 75 mm lon
26、g.NOTE 4Following are methods that can be used to cut the coating:(a) Slit the coating with a milling machine equipped with a slittingsaw.5,7Operate the saw at a peripheral speed of 300 mm/s and a feed of5 mm/s.(b) Slit with a device such as shown in Fig. 2.(c) Cut the coating with a sharp blade gui
27、ded by a straightedge.5,89.4 Using a sharp chisel or knife, peel back an approxi-mately 15-mm tab of one of the strips at the end adjacent to themold gate. Fiberglas-reinforced adhesive-backed tape may beapplied to the two surfaces of the tab to improve the grip on thetab between the jaws of the tes
28、ting machine.9.5 Procedure A:9.5.1 Install a holding fixture on the fixed arm of the testingmachine. The fixture shall support the plaque at a right angle tothe pull direction of the machine. A suitable fixture is illus-trated in Fig. 3.6Shielding methods are described in the Technical Proceedings o
29、f the AmericanElectroplaters Society, Vol 47, 1960, p. 94, and in the Monthly Review of theAmerican Electroplaters Society, Vol 34, 1947, p. 1361.7The sole source of supply of a Union HSG #14-0.064 slitting saw known to thecommittee at this time is Union Twist Drill Co., Athol, MA.8The sole source o
30、f supply of the Specimen Scriber known to the committee atthis time is Plateq Corp., New Haven, CT.FIG. 1 PlaqueB 533 85 (2004)29.5.2 Place the plaque in the holding fixture with the tab endfacing out. Locate the plaque so that the strip to be tested iscentered over the centerline of the fixture.9.5
31、.3 Clamp the tab in the jaws of the movable crossarm ofthe testing machine.9.5.4 Separate the strip from the plaque at a speed of 25 6 3mm/min, and continuously record the force.9.5.5 Repeat the test using the other strip on the plaque.9.5.6 If a strip tears during separation, discontinue the test.T
32、he readings obtained up to the point of tearing may be usedif at least 25 mm of the strip were separated before the tear.9.6 Procedure B:9.6.1 Restrain the plaque in a way that permits separatingthe strip.9.6.2 Attach the tab to the spring-loaded tester.9.6.3 Separate the strip from the plaque at an
33、 angle of90 6 5 to the plaque and at a rate of 25 6 3 mm/min.9.6.4 During the separation the force on the indicator willrise to peak values and fall back. Record the peak values.9.6.5 Repeat the test using the other strip on the plaque.9.6.6 If a strip tears during separation, discontinue the test.T
34、he readings obtained up to the point of tearing may be usedif at least 25 mm of the strip were peeled before the tear.9.7 Repeat the peel test with a second plaque.9.8 Examine the underside of the peeled strip and the baredarea of the plaque and determine whether the separationoccurred in the surfac
35、e layers of the plaque (cohesive failure)or at the interface (adhesive failure). Plastic adhering to theunderside of the strip is not always apparent to the naked eye,and therefore should be verified microscopically.9.9 Remove any plastic from the strip by means of a suitablesolvent. Acetone, for ex
36、ample, will remove ABS. Measure thethickness of the strip in several locations using a ball microme-ter that can be read to the nearest 1 m. (A micrometer thatreads in inches may be used if it can be read to the nearest0.0001 in., 0.0001 in. = 2.5 m.)10. Calculation10.1 Peel, Procedure ACalculate th
37、e arithmetic mean ofthe highest and the lowest forces that were recorded for eachstrip. Calculate the arithmetic mean of the four pull tests (twostrips on two plaques). If the testing machine indicates theforce in units other than newtons, convert the values tonewtons.10.2 Peel, Procedure BCalculate
38、 the arithmetic mean ofthe recorded peak values. If the tester indicates the force inunits other than newtons, convert the values to newtons.10.3 ThicknessCalculate the arithmetic mean thickness ofeach strip. Calculate the arithmetic mean thickness of the fourstrips (two strips on two plaques).11. R
39、eport11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Identification of the plastic in the plaque by generictype, manufacturer, and by manufacturers grade and lotdesignations.11.1.2 The molding conditions used.11.1.3 The cleaning, activating, and plating processes used.11.1.4 The procedure (A or B) used
40、.FIG. 2 Table Slitting DeviceFIG. 3 Parallelogram Device for Use with the Universal TestingMachineB 533 85 (2004)311.1.5 The mean peel strength of the four tests and thehighest and lowest peel values obtained. Report the values innewtons per 25-mm width. Report separately, identifying each,the resul
41、ts obtained with the unconditioned and the conditionedplaques.11.1.6 The arithmetic mean coating thickness and the maxi-mum and minimum thicknesses. Report the values in microme-tres. Report separately, identifying each, the thicknesses for theunconditioned and the conditioned plaques.11.1.7 Whether
42、 the failure was cohesive or adhesive ormixed. Report separately, identifying each, the findings for theunconditioned and the conditioned plaques.12. Precision and Bias12.1 The precision and bias of this test method have not yetbeen determined, but the test is useful in controlling the qualityof ele
43、ctroplated plastics.13. Keywords13.1 electroplated plastic; peel strength testASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the valid
44、ity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comme
45、nts are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have n
46、ot received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B 533 85 (2004)4
