1、Designation: B 746/B 746M 02 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specification forCorrugated Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate for Field-BoltedPipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 746/B 746M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof ori
2、ginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of
3、Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers corrugated aluminum alloystructural plate used in the construction of pipe, pipe-arches,arches, underpasses, box culverts, and special shapes for fieldassembly. Appropriate fasteners are also described. The pipe,arches, and other shapes are generally use
4、d for drainagepurposes, pedestrian and vehicular underpasses, and utilitytunnels. Aluminum box culvert shapes are covered in Specifi-cation B 864/B 864M.1.2 This specification does not include requirements forbedding, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover loadand plate thickness of the p
5、ipe. Experience has shown that thesuccessful performance of this product depends upon theproper selection of plate thickness, type of bedding andbackfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care in theinstallation. The purchaser must correlate the above factors andalso the corrosion and abrasi
6、on requirements of the fieldinstallation with the plate thickness. The structural design ofcorrugated aluminum structural plate pipe and the properinstallation procedures are given in Practices B 790/B 790Mand B 789/B 789M, respectively. A procedure for using life-cycle cost analysis techniques to e
7、valuate alternate drainagesystem designs using corrugated metal pipe is given in PracticeA 930.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used indepen
8、dently of the other.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 153/A 153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) onIron and Steel HardwareA 307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60000 PSI Tensile StrengthA 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, HeatTreated, 120/105 ksi Mini
9、mum Tensile StrengthA 449 Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs,Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi Minimum TensileStrength, General UseA 563 Specification for Carbons and Alloy Steel NutsA 563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsMetricA 930 Practice for Life-Cycle Cost Analysi
10、s of CorrugatedMetal Pipe Used for Culverts, Storm Sewers, and OtherBuried ConduitsB 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and PlateB 209M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and Plate MetricB 221 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyExtruded Bars, Rods, Wire,
11、 Profiles, and TubesB 221M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyExtruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes MetricB 666/B 666M Practice for Identification Marking of Alu-minum and Magnesium ProductsB 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc MechanicallyDeposited on Iron and SteelB 789/B 789
12、M Practice for Installing Corrugated Alumi-num Structural Plate Pipe for Culverts and SewersB 790/B 790M Practice for Structural Design of CorrugatedAluminum Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches for Culverts,Storm Sewers, and Other Buried ConduitsB 864/B 864M Specification for Corrugated AluminumBox Culver
13、tsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsF 467 Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General UseF 467M Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General UseMetricF 468 Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws,and Studs for General Use1
14、This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on LightMetals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.08 onAluminum Culvert.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2002
15、 as B 746/B 746M02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Ha
16、rbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.F 468M Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex CapScrews, and Studs for General Use MetricF 568M Specification for Carbon andAlloy Steel ExternallyThreaded Metric FastenersF 593 Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex CapS
17、crews, and StudsF 594 Specification for Stainless Steel NutsF 738M Specification for Stainless Steel Metric Bolts,Screws, and StudsF 836M Specification for Style 1 Stainless Steel MetricNuts2.2 American National Standards:3B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Inch SeriesB18.2.2 Square and Hex Nu
18、tsB18.2.3.6M Bolts, Metric, Heavy HexB18.2.4.6M Hex Nuts, Heavy, Metric3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 archa part circle shape spanning an open invertbetween the footings on which it rests.3.1.2 box culverta rectangular box with short-radius inupper corners and
19、 a long-radius crown. It can be with fullinvert or with footing pads.3.1.3 fabricatorthe producer of the components for thefinished product.3.1.4 flat platesheet or plate used to fabricate structuralplate.3.1.5 manufacturerthe producer of the flat plate andaccessories.3.1.6 pipea conduit having full
20、 circular shape; also, in ageneral context, all structure shapes covered by this specifica-tion.3.1.7 pipe-archan arch shape with an approximate semi-circular crown, small-radius corners, and large-radius invert.3.1.8 pipe, horizontal ellipsean elliptically shaped pipewith the horizontal diameter ap
21、proximately 20 % greater thanthe nominal diameter.3.1.9 pipe, vertically elongatedan elliptically shaped pipewith the vertical diameter up to 10 % greater than the nominaldiameter.3.1.10 purchaserthe purchaser of the finished product.3.1.11 special shapea shape, other than described else-where in th
22、is section, suitable for fabrication with structuralplate.3.1.12 structural platea corrugated and curved platewhich is field assembled with other structural plates to form therequired structure.3.1.13 vehicular underpassa high arch shape with anapproximate semicircular crown, large-radius sides, sma
23、ll-radius corners between sides and invert, and large-radiusinvert.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information as necessary to adequately describethe desired product:4.1.1 Name of material (aluminum alloy structural plate andaccessor
24、ies),4.1.2 Description of structure (see Section 3),4.1.3 Number of structures,4.1.4 ASTM designation and year of issue, as B 746_for inch-pound units or B 746M_ for SI units.4.1.5 Dimensions of structure (diameter or span and rise,and length, etc.) (see 7.2),4.1.6 Thickness of plate (see 7.1),4.1.7
25、 Type of bolts; whether aluminum, stainless steel, orsteel bolts are required or permitted. If not specified, steel boltsand nuts shall be furnished (see 5.3 and Note 2),4.1.8 End treatment (bevel, skew, grade or slope correc-tions, or other special provision if required by the project plansor speci
26、fications),4.1.9 Special requirements (including extrusion reinforce-ment locations and shapes), if required, and4.1.10 Certification, if required.NOTE 1Typical ordering descriptions are as follows: (1) Structuralplates and fasteners for two aluminum alloy structural plate pipes, perASTM B 746_, 180
27、-in. dia., 0.100-in. plate thickness, each 140-ftnominal centerline length with end treatment as shown on plans. (2)Structural plates and fasteners for one aluminum alloy structural plate pipearch, per ASTM B 746_, 3860 mm span by 2460 mm rise, 3.81 mmplate thickness, 27.0 m nominal centerline lengt
28、h with square ends.5. Materials5.1 Flat PlateInsofar as applicable, flat plate shall con-form to the requirements of Specification B 209 or B 209M.The plates shall be fabricated from alloy 5052-H141. Themechanical properties for alloy 5052-H141 shall conform tothe requirements of Table 1.5.2 Extrusi
29、onsThe extrusions for circumferential or lon-gitudinal stiffeners, or secondary structural components, shallbe fabricated from aluminum alloys 6061-T6 or 6063-T6conforming to Specification B 221 or B 221M.5.3 Assembly FastenersExcept as provided elsewhere inthis section, bolts and nuts shall conform
30、 to the requirementsspecified in Table 2 and Table 3. The bearing surface of bothbolts and nuts shall be shaped to a 1-in. (25-mm) radiusspherical surface, or to a uniform taper of approximately 22 toform a conical surface. In lieu of bolts and nuts with the specialbearing surface, standard type bol
31、ts and nuts with specialwashers may be used. The number of nuts and bolts of eachsize and length furnished shall be 2 % in excess of thetheoretical number required to field erect the structure orstructures. Bolt lengths shall be such as to result in at least “fullnut” engagement when tightened in pl
32、ace.NOTE 2Aluminum bolts and nuts, due to lower strength propertiesthan steel bolts, have lower allowable design seam strengths in pipe withall plate thicknesses, but especially so for plate thicknesses greater than0.175 in. (4.44 mm). The purchaser should indicate which bolts and nutsare acceptable
33、 or required based on his design calculations. Corrosionshould be considered in selecting bolt types for use in corrosive environ-ments.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.B 746/B 746M 02 (2007)26. Fabrication
34、6.1 Structural plates shall be fabricated from flat sheets orplates, corrugated in accordance with 6.2, punched for boltedlap seams in accordance with 6.3 and curved to the requiredradius.6.2 CorrugationsCorrugations shall form smooth con-tinuous curves and tangents. Corrugations shall form annularr
35、ings (complete or partial) about the axis of the structure. Thedimensions of the corrugations shall be in accordance withTable 4.6.3 Bolt HolesThe bolt holes shall be punched so that allplates having like dimensions, curvature, and same number ofbolts per foot of seam shall be interchangeable. Longi
36、tudinalseams shall have holes for four bolts per corrugation, with twoholes in each valley and two holes in each crest, with the holesplaced 134 in. (45 mm) apart. Circumferential seams in thefinished product shall provide for a bolt spacing of not morethan 10 in. (250 mm). The diameter of the bolt
37、holes in thelongitudinal seams shall not exceed the bolt diameter by morethan18 in. (3 mm) except those in the plate corners. Bolt holesin circumferential seams, including plate corners, may beslotted with a width equal to the bolt diameter plus14 in. (3mm) and a length equal to the bolt diameter pl
38、us38 in. (10mm). The minimum distance from the center of a hole to theedge of a plate shall be 134 times the diameter of the bolt.Holes shall be provided as required for connecting headwallanchors, bearings, and miscellaneous attachments.6.4 Special PlatesPlates for forming skewed ends, bev-eled end
39、s, or curved alignment shall be accurately cut to fit theorder plans. Cut edges of plates shall be free of notches,gouges, or burrs and shall present a workmanlike finish.Legible identification shall be placed on each special plate todesignate its proper position in the finished structure andreferen
40、ced to the approved erection drawings.6.5 ExtrusionsExtrusions for longitudinal or circumferen-tial structural reinforcing, if required, shall be as sized andlocated on the order plans, and fabricated from aluminum alloy6061-T6. Extrusions for receiving angles or receiving channelson arches or other
41、 less critical structural members, if required,shall be as sized and located on the order plans, and shall befabricated from aluminum alloy 6061-T6 or 6063-T6.7. Dimensions7.1 Plate ThicknessPlate thickness shall be as specifiedby the purchaser from the specified plate thickness listed inTable 5 (No
42、te 3). For corrugated plate, the thickness shall bemeasured on the tangents of the corrugations.NOTE 3The purchaser should determine the required thickness ac-cording to the design criteria in Practice B 790/B 790M.7.2 Cross-Section DimensionsCross-section dimensions,such as diameter, span and rise,
43、 and radius of curvature, shallbe measured to the inside crest of corrugations. The averagediameter of circular pipe, based on two measurements at 90 toTABLE 1 Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Structural Plate, Alloy 5052-H141ASpecified ThicknessTensile Strength,minYield Strength(0.2 % offset), min
44、Elongation, %min in 2 in. or50 mmin. mm ksi MPa ksi MPa0.1000.1500.1750.2502.543.814.446.3535.534.024523524.024.016516568ATo determine conformance with this specification, each value for tensile strength and for yield strength shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 ksi (1 MPa) and each valuefor elongat
45、ion to the nearest 0.5%, both in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.TABLE 2 (B 746) Bolt and Nut RequirementsBolts NutsGeneral Dimensions ANSI B18.2.1 Heavy Hex ANSI B18.2.2 Heavy HexSteel Bolts and Nuts A 307AA 563 Grade AZinc Coating A 153/A 153M or B 695 Class 50 A 153/A 153M or
46、B 695 Class 50Stainless Steel Bolts and Nuts F 593 Alloy Group 1, 2, or 3 F 594 Alloy Group 1, 2, or 3Aluminum Bolts and Nuts F 468 Alloy 6061-T6 F 467 Alloy 6061-T6Nominal Diameter, in.3434ABolts conforming to Specifications A 325 or A 449 with suitable nuts may be substituted.TABLE 3 (B 746M) Bolt
47、 and Nut RequirementsBolts NutsGeneral Dimensions ANSI B18.2.3.6M Heavy Hex ANSI B18.2.4.6M Heavy HexSteel Bolts and Nuts F 568M Class 4.6AA 563M Class 5Zinc Coating A 153/A 153M or B 695 Class 50 A 153/A 153M or B 695 Class 50Stainless Steel Bolts and Nuts F 738M Alloy Group A1, A2, or A4 F 836M Al
48、loy Group A1, A2, or A4Aluminum Bolts and Nuts F 468M Alloy 6061-T6 F 467M Alloy 6061-T6Nominal Diameter, metric size M 20 M 20ABolts through Class 8.8 with suitable nuts may be substituted.TABLE 4 Corrugation RequirementsNominalSizeMaximumPitchAMinimumDepthBInside RadiusNominal MinimumB 746All valu
49、es in in.9by212 938 238 214 2.0B 746MAll values in mm230 by 64 238 60 57 51APitch is measured from crest to crest of corrugations, at 90 to the direction ofthe corrugations.BDepth is measured as the vertical distance from a straightedge resting on thecorrugation crests parallel to the axis of the pipe, to the bottom of the interveningvalley.B 746/B 746M 02 (2007)3each other, shall not vary more than 62 % from the calculatedinside diameter shown in Table 6. The span and rise of pipearch, arch, underpass, and other no
