1、Designation: B883 101Standard Specification forMetal Injection Molding (MIM) Ferrous Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B883; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEFootnotes were editorially added to Tables 26 in May 2013.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers ferrous metal injection moldedmaterials fabrica
3、ted by mixing elemental or pre-alloyed metalpowders with binders, injecting into a mold, debinding, andsintering, with or without subsequent heat treatment.1.2 This specification covers the following injection moldedmaterials.1.2.1 Compositions:1.2.1.1 MIM-2200, low-alloy steel1.2.1.2 MIM-2700, low-
4、alloy steel1.2.1.3 MIM-4605, low-alloy steel1.2.1.4 MIM-4140, low-alloy steel1.2.1.5 MIM-316L, austenitic stainless steel1.2.1.6 MIM-17-4 PH, precipitation hardening stainlesssteel1.2.1.7 MIM-420, ferritic stainless steel1.2.1.8 MIM-430L, ferritic stainless steel1.3 Chemical composition limits are s
5、pecified in Table 1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB311 Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM)Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent PorosityB933 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of PowderMetallurgy (PM) MaterialsB962 Test Meth
6、ods for Density of Compacted or SinteredPowder Metallurgy (PM) Products Using ArchimedesPrincipleE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Elec
7、trical Steel, Ingot Iron, andWrought IronE415 Test Method for Atomic Emission Vacuum Spectro-metric Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy SteelE1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and CobaltAlloys by Various Combustion and Fusion TechniquesE1
8、086 Test Method for Atomic Emission Vacuum Spectro-metric Analysis of Stainless Steel by Point-to-Plane Ex-citation TechniqueE1621 Guide for X-Ray Emission Spectrometric AnalysisF1089 Test Method for Corrosion of Surgical Instruments2.2 MPIF Standards:3MPIF Standard 35 Material Standards for Metal I
9、njectionMolded PartsMPIF Standard 50 Method for Preparing and EvaluatingMetal Injection Molded (MIM) Debound and Sintered/Heat Treated Tension Test SpecimensMPIF Standard 51 Method for Determination of Microin-dentation Hardness of Powder Metallurgy MaterialsMPIF Standard 59 Method for Determination
10、 of CharpyImpact Energy of Unnotched Metal Injection Molded(MIM) Test SpecimensMPIF Standard 62 Method for Determination of the Corro-sion Resistance of MIM Grades of Stainless Steel Im-mersed in 2 % Sulfuric Acid SolutionMPIF Standard 63 Method for Density Determination ofMetal Injection Molded (MI
11、M) Components (Gas Pyc-nometer)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions of powder metallurgy terms can be foundin Terminology B243. Additional descriptive information isavailable in the Related Material Section of Vol. 02.05 of theAnnual Book of ASTM Standards.1This specification is under the
12、 jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on MetalPowders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of B09.11 onNear Full Density Powder Metallurgy Materials.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published March 2011. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as
13、B883 10. DOI:10.1520/B0883-10E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Metal Powder
14、 Industries Federation (MPIF), 105 College Rd.East, Princeton, NJ 08540-6692, http:/www.mpif.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for parts conforming to this specification mayinclude t
15、he following:4.1.1 ASTM designation,4.1.2 Alloy composition including carbon content (seeTable 1),4.1.3 Heat treatment condition and hardness (see Tables2-5),4.1.4 Functional or mechanical property testing (see 7.3-7.7and Tables 2-5),4.1.5 Corrosion resistance testing (see 8.1-8.1.4 and Table6),4.1.
16、6 Purchaser or purchasers representative desire to wit-ness the inspection and testing of material prior to shipment(see 10.2),4.1.7 Requirement for certification of material and a reportof test results (see 12.1),4.1.8 Requirement for full or partial chemical analysis (seeSection 6), and4.1.9 Other
17、 special requirements as mutually agreed.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Parts shall be made by injection molding mixtures ofmetal powder with binders, debinding, and sintering, with orwithout subsequent heat treatment. The material shall conformto the designations in 1.2.1 and meet the chemical com
18、positionspecified in Table 1.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Metal injection molded material shall conform to thechemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.6.2 Chemical analysis for the elements copper, chromium,molybdenum, and nickel shall be determined in accordancewith Test Methods E415 (preferred me
19、thod), E350, E1086,E1621, Inductively Coupled PlasmaAtomic Emission Spec-trometry (ICP-AES), Atomic Absorption (AA), or any suchmethod as shall be agreed upon between buyer and seller.Analysis of the element carbon shall be determined in accor-dance with Test Methods E1019, via optical emissionspect
20、roscopy, or other method agreed upon between the pur-chaser and seller.7. Mechanical and Physical Property Requirements7.1 The preferred method of verifying the acceptable per-formance of a finished part is a qualification test to beperformed on an actual part. The specific test should bedetermined
21、following consideration of the function of the part,and should be agreed upon between manufacturer and pur-chaser.7.2 Mandatory and typical mechanical properties of mate-rials covered by this specification are shown in Tables 2-5.7.3 Tensile Properties:7.3.1 The tensile properties of MIM materials s
22、hall bemeasured using test specimens prepared and evaluated inaccordance with MPIF Standard 50.7.3.2 Tensile Test MethodWhen requested in the purchaseorder, tensile specimens shall be prepared and processed alongwith production parts. Tensile specimens shall be tested inaccordance with Test Methods
23、E8. Yield strength shall bedetermined by the 0.2% offset method. MPIF Standard 50governs the manufacture of the test bars, while Test MethodsE8 governs the testing procedure.7.4 Impact Energy Properties:7.4.1 Typical impact energy properties of materials coveredby this specification are shown in Tab
24、les 2-5.7.4.2 The impact energy properties of MIM materials shallbe measured using test specimens prepared and evaluated inaccordance with MPIF Standard 59.7.4.3 Impact Energy Test MethodWhen requested in thepurchase order, impact energy specimens shall be prepared andprocessed along with production
25、 parts.7.5 Density:7.5.1 The density of MIM materials shall be measured inaccordance with Test Method B311 or MPIF Standard 63. If atest specimen gains mass when immersed in water, it shall betested in accordance with Test Method B962.7.6 Apparent HardnessThe apparent hardness of MIMmaterials shall
26、be measured in accordance with Test MethodsE18.7.7 Microindentation HardnessThe microindentationhardness of MIM materials shall be measured in accordancewith Test Method B933 or MPIF Standard 51.8. Corrosion Resistance Requirements8.1 Corrosion Resistance:8.1.1 The preferred method of verifying the
27、acceptableperformance of a finished part is a qualification test to beperformed on an actual part. The specific test should bedetermined following consideration of the function of the part,and should be agreed upon between manufacturer and pur-chaser.8.1.2 Typical corrosion resistance of materials c
28、overed bythis specification is shown in Table 6.8.1.3 The corrosion resistance of MIM materials shall bemeasured using test specimens prepared in accordance withMPIF Standard 59.8.1.4 Corrosion Resistance Test MethodWhen requestedin the purchase order, corrosion resistance specimens shall beprepared
29、 and processed along with production parts. MPIFStandard 59 governs the manufacture of specimens, but TestMethod F1089 governs corrosion resistance testing for coppersulfate and boiling water. MPIF Standard 62 governs corrosionresistance testing for sulfuric acid.9. Sampling9.1 LotUnless otherwise s
30、pecified, a lot is a quantity ofproduct produced under similar conditions so that the productwithin the lot is expected to be homogeneous in all significantattributes and submitted for inspection at one time.9.2 TestingThe manufacturer and purchaser shall mutuallyagree upon the number of specimens t
31、o represent the lot forqualification, chemical, mechanical, or corrosion resistanceproperty testing.B883 101210. Inspection10.1 Inspection of the parts supplied under this specificationshall be the responsibility of the manufacturer or a mutuallyagreed upon third party.10.2 If the purchaser desires
32、that a representative witnessthe inspection and testing of the material prior to shipment,such a requirement shall be part of the purchase order.11. Rejection11.1 Parts that fail to conform to the requirements of thisspecification may be rejected. Rejection should be reported tothe manufacturer or s
33、upplier promptly and in writing.12. Certification12.1 When specified in the purchase order, a manufacturerscertification shall be furnished to the purchaser that the partswere manufactured, samples tested, and inspected in accor-dance with this specification and found to meet its require-ments. When
34、 specified in the purchase order, a report of the testresults shall be furnished.13. Keywords13.1 corrosion resistance; low-alloy steels; mechanicalproperties; metal injection molded parts; metal injectionmolded steels; metal injection molding (MIM); metal powders;MIM; PIM; powder injection molding;
35、 sintered steels; stainlesssteels; unnotched Charpy impact energyTABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements For Metal Injection Molded MaterialsMaterialDesignationFe Ni Cr Co Mo C Cu Si Mn Nb + Ta V OtherMIM-2200 Min. Bal. 1.5 - - - - - - - - - -Max. Bal. 2.5 - - 0.5 0.1 - 1.0 - - - 1.0MIM-2700 Min.
36、Bal. 6.5 - - - - - - - - - -Max. Bal. 8.5 - - 0.5 0.1 - 1.0 - - - 1.0MIM-4605 Min. Bal. 1.5 - - 0.2 0.4 - - - - - -Max. Bal. 2.5 - - 0.5 0.6 - 1.0 - - - 1.0MIM-4140 Min. Bal. - 0.8 - 0.2 0.3 - - - - - -Max. Bal. - 1.2 - 0.3 0.5 - 0.6 1.0 - - 1.0MIM-316L Min. Bal. 10 16 - 2 - - - - - - -Max. Bal. 14
37、18 - 3 0.03 - 1.0 2.0 - - 1.0MIM-420 Min. Bal. - 12 - - 0.15 - - - - - -Max. Bal. - 14 - - 0.4 - 1.0 1.0 - - 1.0MIM-430L Min. Bal. - 16 - - - - - - - - -Max. Bal. - 18 - - 0.05 - 1.0 1.0 - - 1.0MIM-17-4PH Min. Bal. 3 15.5 - - - 3 - - 0.15 - -Max. Bal. 5 17.5 - - 0.07 5 1.0 1.0 0.45 - 1.0B883 1013TAB
38、LE 2 Mandatory and Typical Mechanical and Physical Properties of Metal Injection Molded Low-Alloy SteelsAInch-Pound UnitsMaterialDesignationMinimum Mandatory Values Typical Values Elastic Constants Typical ValuesTensile Properties Tensile Properties Density Hardness UnnotchedCharpyImpactEnergyBUltim
39、ateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin1in.UltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin1in.YoungsModulusPoissonsRatioMacro(apparent)Micro(converted)Cft-lbf103psi 103psi % 103psi 103psi % 106psi g/cm3RockwellMIM-2200(as-sintered)37 16 20 42 18 40 28 0.28 7.6 45 HRB N/D 100MIM-2700(as-sintered)55 30 20 60 3
40、7 26 28 0.28 7.6 69 HRB N/D 130MIM-4605(as-sintered)55 25 11 64 30 15 29 0.28 7.5 62 HRB N/D 50MIM-4605D(quenched andtempered)215 190 #1 240 215 2 29.5 0.28 7.5 48 HRC 55 HRC 40MIM-4140(quenched andtempered)200 155 3 240 180 5 29.5 0.28 7.5 46 HRC N/D 55AReprinted by permission from MPIF Standard 35
41、, “Materials Standard for Metal Injection Molded Parts,” 2007, Metal Powder Industries Federation, 105 College RoadEast, Princeton, NJ 08540-6692.BMPIF Standard 59 specimens are 0.197 0.394 2.155 in. The results were not normalized to 0.394 0.394 2.165 in. since this would have resulted in higher im
42、pactenergy values.CN/D indicates a value was not determined for the purpose of this standard.DThese data were measured on test bars tempered for 1 h at 350F.TABLE 3 Mandatory and Typical Mechanical and Physical Properties of Metal Injection Molded Low-Alloy SteelsASI UnitsMaterialDesignationMinimum
43、Mandatory Values Typical Values Elastic Constants Typical ValuesTensile Properties Tensile Properties Density Hardness UnnotchedCharpyImpactEnergyBUltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin 25.4 mmUltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin 25.4 mmYoungsModulusPoissonsRatioMacro(apparent)Micro(converte
44、d)CJMPa MPa % MPa MPa % GPa g/cm3RockwellMIM-2200(as-sintered)255 110 20 290 125 40 190 0.28 7.65 45 HRB N/D 135MIM-2700(as-sintered)380 205 20 415 255 26 190 0.28 7.6 69 HRB N/D 175MIM-4605(as-sintered)380 170 11 440 205 15 200 0.28 7.5 62 HRB N/D 70MIM-4605D(quenched andtempered)1480 1310 1 1655 1
45、480 2 205 0.28 7.5 48 HRC 55 HRC 55MIM-4140(quenched andtempered)1380 1070 3 1650 1240 5 205 0.28 7.5 46 HRC N/D 75AReprinted by permission from MPIF Standard 35, “Materials Standards for Metal Injection Molded Parts,” 2007, Metal Powder Industries Federation, 105 College RoadEast, Princeton, NJ 085
46、406692. SI values converted from inch-pound units in Table 2.BMPIF Standard 59 specimens are51055mm.Theresults were not normalized to 10 10 55 mm since this would have resulted in higher impact energy values.CN/D indicates a value was not determined for the purpose of this standard.DThese data were
47、measured on test bars tempered for 1 h at 177C.B883 1014TABLE 4 Mandatory and Typical Mechanical and Physical Properties of Metal Injection Molded Stainless SteelsAInch-Pound UnitsMaterialDesignationMinimum Mandatory Values Typical Values Elastic Constants Typical ValuesTensile Properties Tensile Pr
48、operties Density Hardness UnnotchedCharpyImpactEnergyBUltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin1in.UltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongation in1in.YoungsModulusPoissonsRatioMacro(apparent)Micro(converted)Cft-lbf103psi 103psi % 103psi 103psi % 1010psi g/cm3RockwellMIM-316L(as-sintered)65 20 40 75 25 50
49、 28 0.28 7.6 67 HRB .N/D 140MIM-420D(heat treated)180EF200 174 1 28 0.30 7.4 44 HRC 50 HRC 30MIMI-430L(as-sintered)50 30 20 60 35 25 30 0.29 7.5 65 HRB N/D 110MIM-17-4 PH(as-sintered)115 94 4 130 106 6 28 0.29 7.5 27 HRC .N/D 100MIM-17-4 PHG(heat treated)155 140 4 172 158 6 28 0.29 7.5 33 HRC 40 HRC 100AReprinted by permission from MPIF Standard 35, “Materials Standards for Metal Injection Molded Parts,” 2007, Metal Powder Industries Federation, 105 College RoadEast, Princeton, NJ 08540-6692.BMPIF Standard 59 specimens are 0.197 0.394
