1、Designation: B883 15B883 17Standard Specification forMetal Injection Molded (MIM) Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B883; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numb
2、er in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers ferrous metal injection molded materials fabricated by mixing elemental or pre-alloyed metalpowders with binders
3、, injecting into a mold, debinding, and sintering, with or without subsequent heat treatment.1.2 This specification covers the following injection molded materials.1.2.1 Compositions:1.2.1.1 MIM-2200, low-alloy steel1.2.1.2 MIM-2700, low-alloy steel1.2.1.3 MIM-4605, low-alloy steel1.2.1.4 MIM-4140,
4、low-alloy steel1.2.1.5 MIM-316L, austenitic stainless steel1.2.1.6 MIM-17-4 PH, precipitation hardening stainless steel1.2.1.7 MIM-420, ferriticmartensitic stainless steel1.2.1.8 MIM-430L, ferritic stainless steel1.2.1.9 MIM-440, martensitic stainless steel1.2.1.10 MIM-Cu, copper1.3 Chemical composi
5、tion limits are specified in Table 1.1.4 With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubiccentimetre (g/cm3) and gram (g) units is the longstanding industry practice, the values in inch-pound units are to be regarded asstanda
6、rd. The values given in parentheses or in separate tables are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
7、of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision
8、 on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB311 Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurg
9、y (PM) Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent PorosityB933 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Powder Metallurgy (PM) MaterialsB962 Test Methods for Density of Compacted or Sintered Powder Metallurgy (PM) Products Using Archimedes PrincipleE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic
10、 MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE228 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsi
11、bility of B09.11 on NearFull Density Powder Metallurgy Materials.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015Sept. 1, 2017. Published November 2015September 2017. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20102015as B883 10B883 15.1. DOI: 10.1520/B0883-15.10.1520/B0883-17.2 For referen
12、cedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the
13、user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard
14、 as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,
15、Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and WroughtIronE415 Test Method for Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel by Spark Atomic Emission SpectrometryE1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys byVarious Comb
16、ustion and Fusion TechniquesE1086 Test Method for Analysis of Austenitic Stainless Steel by Spark Atomic Emission SpectrometryE1461 Test Method for Thermal Diffusivity by the Flash MethodE1621 Guide for Elemental Analysis by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence SpectrometryF1089 Test Method for
17、Corrosion of Surgical Instruments2.2 MPIF Standards:3MPIF Standard 35 Materials Standards for Metal Injection Molded PartsMPIF Standard 50 Method for Preparing and Evaluating Metal Injection Molded (MIM) Debound and Sintered/Heat TreatedTension Test SpecimensMPIF Standard 51 Method for Determination
18、 of Microindentation Hardness of Powder Metallurgy MaterialsMPIF Standard 59 Method for Determination of Charpy Impact Energy of Unnotched Metal Injection Molded (MIM) TestSpecimensMPIF Standard 62 Method for Determination of the Corrosion Resistance of MIM Grades of Stainless Steel Immersed in 2 %S
19、ulfuric Acid SolutionMPIF Standard 63 Method for Density Determination of Metal Injection Molded (MIM) Components (Gas Pycnometer)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions of powder metallurgy terms can be found inTerminology B243.Additional descriptive information is availablein the Related M
20、aterial Section of Vol. 02.05 of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for parts conforming to this specification may include the following:4.1.1 ASTM designation,4.1.2 Alloy composition including carbon content (see Table 1),4.1.3 Heat treatment condition and hardness
21、(see Tables 2-5),4.1.4 Functional or mechanical property testing (see 7.3 7.7 and Tables 2-5),4.1.5 Corrosion resistance testing (see 8.1 8.1.4 and Table 6),4.1.6 Thermal conductivity testing (see 9.19.2 and Table 7 and Table 8),4.1.7 Thermal expansion testing (see 10.110.2 and Table 9 and Table 10)
22、,4.1.8 Purchaser or purchasers representative desire to witness the inspection and testing of material prior to shipment (see12.2),4.1.9 Requirement for certification of material and a report of test results (see 14.1),4.1.10 Requirement for full or partial chemical analysis (see Section 6), and4.1.
23、11 Other special requirements as mutually agreed.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Parts shall be made by injection molding mixtures of metal powder with binders, debinding, and sintering, with or withoutsubsequent heat treatment. The material shall conform to the designations in 1.2.1 and meet the ch
24、emical composition specifiedin Table 1.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Metal injection molded material shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.6.2 Chemical analysis for the elements copper, chromium, molybdenum, and nickel shall be determined in accordance with TestMethods E415 (
25、preferred method), E350, E1086, E1621, Inductively Coupled PlasmaAtomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES),Atomic Absorption (AA), or any such method as shall be agreed upon between buyer and seller. Analysis of the element carbonshall be determined in accordance with Test Methods E1019, via optical em
26、ission spectroscopy, or other method agreed uponbetween the purchaser and seller.7. Mechanical and Physical Property Requirements7.1 The preferred method of verifying the acceptable performance of a finished part is a qualification test to be performed onan actual part.The specific test should be de
27、termined following consideration of the function of the part, and should be agreed uponbetween manufacturer and purchaser.3 Available from Metal Powder Industries Federation (MPIF), 105 College Rd. East, Princeton, NJ 08540-6692, http:/www.mpif.org.B883 1727.2 Mandatory and typical mechanical proper
28、ties of materials covered by this specification are shown in Tables 2-10.7.3 Tensile Properties:7.3.1 The tensile properties of MIM materials shall be measured using test specimens prepared and evaluated in accordance withMPIF Standard 50.7.3.2 Tensile Test MethodWhen requested in the purchase order
29、, tensile specimens shall be prepared and processed along withproduction parts. Tensile specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test Methods E8. Yield strength shall be determined by the0.2% offset method. MPIF Standard 50 governs the manufacture of the test bars, while Test Methods E8 governs
30、the testingprocedure.7.4 Impact Energy Properties:7.4.1 Typical impact energy properties of materials covered by this specification are shown in Tables 2-5.7.4.2 The impact energy properties of MIM materials shall be measured using test specimens prepared and evaluated inaccordance with MPIF Standar
31、d 59.7.4.3 Impact Energy Test MethodWhen requested in the purchase order, impact energy specimens shall be prepared andprocessed along with production parts.7.5 Density:7.5.1 The density of MIM materials shall be measured in accordance with Test Method B311 or MPIF Standard 63. If a testspecimen gai
32、ns mass when immersed in water, it shall be tested in accordance with Test Method B962.7.6 Apparent HardnessThe apparent hardness of MIM materials shall be measured in accordance with Test Methods E18.7.7 Microindentation HardnessThe microindentation hardness of MIM materials shall be measured in ac
33、cordance with TestMethod B933 or MPIF Standard 51.8. Corrosion Resistance Requirements8.1 Corrosion Resistance:8.1.1 The preferred method of verifying the acceptable performance of a finished part is a qualification test to be performed onan actual part.The specific test should be determined followi
34、ng consideration of the function of the part, and should be agreed uponbetween manufacturer and purchaser.8.1.2 Typical corrosion resistance of materials covered by this specification is shown in Table 6.8.1.3 The corrosion resistance of MIM materials shall be measured using test specimens prepared
35、in accordance with MPIFStandard 59.8.1.4 Corrosion Resistance Test MethodWhen requested in the purchase order, corrosion resistance specimens shall beprepared and processed along with production parts. MPIF Standard 59 governs the manufacture of specimens, but Test MethodF1089 governs corrosion resi
36、stance testing for copper sulfate and boiling water. MPIF Standard 62 governs corrosion resistancetesting for sulfuric acid.9. Thermal Conductivity Requirements9.1 Mandatory and typical thermal conductivity values for MIM-Cu are shown in Table 7 and Table 8.9.2 The thermal conductivity of MIM materi
37、als shall be measured in accordance with Test Method E1461.10. Thermal Expansion Coefficient10.1 The typical coefficients of thermal expansion for MIM-Cu material are shown in Table 9 and Table 10.10.2 The coefficient of thermal expansion for MIM-Cu was determined in accordance with Test Method E228
38、. A push-roddilatometer was used for the tests, using a 1.8 Fmin (1 Cmin) heating rate in air atmosphere. The average coefficient of thermalexpansion was determined at room temperature 68 F (20 C) up to a series of temperatures.11. Sampling11.1 TestingThe manufacturer and purchaser shall mutually ag
39、ree upon the number of specimens to represent the lot forqualification, chemical, mechanical, or corrosion resistance property testing.12. Inspection12.1 Inspection of the parts supplied under this specification shall be the responsibility of the manufacturer or a mutually agreedupon third party.12.
40、2 If the purchaser desires that a representative witness the inspection and testing of the material prior to shipment, such arequirement shall be part of the purchase order.B883 17313. Rejection13.1 Parts that fail to conform to the requirements of this specification may be rejected. Rejection shoul
41、d be reported to themanufacturer or supplier promptly and in writing.14. Certification14.1 When specified in the purchase order, a manufacturers certification shall be furnished to the purchaser that the parts weremanufactured, samples tested, and inspected in accordance with this specification and
42、found to meet its requirements. Whenspecified in the purchase order, a report of the test results shall be furnished.15. Keywords15.1 coefficient of thermal expansion; corrosion resistance; low-alloy steels; mechanical properties; metal injection moldedparts; metal injection molded steels; metal inj
43、ection molding (MIM); metal powders; MIM; PIM; powder injection molding;sintered steels; stainless steels; thermal conductivity; unnotched Charpy impact energyTABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements For Metal Injection Molded Materials (weight %)MaterialDesignation Fe Ni Cr Co Mo C Cu Si Mn Nb + T
44、a V OtherMIM-2200 Min. Bal. 1.5 - - - - - - - - - -Max. Bal. 2.5 - - 0.5 0.1 - 1.0 - - - 1.0MIM-2700 Min. Bal. 6.5 - - - - - - - - - -Max. Bal. 8.5 - - 0.5 0.1 - 1.0 - - - 1.0MIM-4605 Min. Bal. 1.5 - - 0.2 0.4 - - - - - -Max. Bal. 2.5 - - 0.5 0.6 - 1.0 - - - 1.0MIM-4140 Min. Bal. - 0.8 - 0.2 0.3 - -
45、 - - - -Max. Bal. - 1.2 - 0.3 0.5 - 0.6 1.0 - - 1.0MIM-316L Min. Bal. 10 16 - 2 - - - - - - -Max. Bal. 14 18 - 3 0.03 - 1.0 2.0 - - 1.0MIM-420 Min. Bal. - 12 - - 0.15 - - - - - -Max. Bal. - 14 - - 0.4 - 1.0 1.0 - - 1.0MIM-430L Min. Bal. - 16 - - - - - - - - -Max. Bal. - 18 - - 0.05 - 1.0 1.0 - - 1.0
46、MIM-440 Min. Bal. - 16 - - 0.9 - - - - - -Max. Bal. 0.6 18 - 0.75 1.25 - 1.0 1.0 3.5 - -MIM-17-4PH Min. Bal. 3 15.5 - - - 3 - - 0.15 - -Max. Bal. 5 17.5 - - 0.07 5 1.0 1.0 0.45 - 1.0MIM-Cu Min. - - - - - - 99.8 - - - - -Max. - - - - - - 100.0 - - - - 0.2AAExcluding silver.B883 174TABLE 2 Mandatory a
47、nd Typical Mechanical and Physical Properties of Metal Injection Molded Low-Alloy SteelsAInch-Pound UnitsMaterialDesignationMinimum Mandatory Values Typical Values Elastic Constants Typical ValuesTensile Properties Tensile Properties Density Hardness UnnotchedCharpyImpactEnergyBUltimateStrengthYield
48、StrengthElongationin 1 in.UltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin 1 in.YoungsModulusPoissonsRatioMacro(apparent)Micro(converted)Cft-lbfUltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin 1 in.UltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin 1 in.YoungsModulusPoissonsRatioMacro(apparent)Micro(converted)Cftlbf103 ps
49、i 103 psi % 103 psi 103 psi % 106psi g/cm3 RockwellMIM-2200(as-sintered)37 16 20 42 18 40 28 0.28 7.6 45 HRB N/D 100MIM-2700(as-sintered)55 30 20 60 37 26 28 0.28 7.6 69 HRB N/D 130MIM-4605(as-sintered)55 25 11 64 30 15 29 0.28 7.5 62 HRB N/D 50MIM-4605D(quenched andtempered)215 190 #1 240 215 2 29.5 0.28 7.5 48 HRC 55 HRC 40MIM-4140(quenched andtempered)200 155 3 240 180 5 29.5 0.28 7.5 46 HRC N/D 55A Reprinted by permission from MPIF Standard 35, “Materials Standard for Metal Injection Molded Parts,” 2007,2016, Metal Powder Industries Federat
