1、Designation: B 898 05e1Standard Specification forReactive and Refractory Metal Clad Plate1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe
2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTE11.1.2 was corrected editorially in July 2006.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers plate consisting of a base metalto which is bonded, integrall
3、y and continuously, on one or bothsides a layer of one of the following: titanium, zirconium,tantalum, niobium, and their alloys. The material generally isintended for pressure vessel use.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses and in me
4、tric tablesare provided for information only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 265 Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-CladSteel PlateA 578/A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam UltrasonicExamination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for SpecialApplicationsB 265 Specification for
5、 Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip,Sheet, and PlateB 393 Specification for Niobium and Niobium Alloy Strip,Sheet, and PlateB 551/B 551M Specification for Zirconium and ZirconiumAlloy Strip, Sheet, and PlateB 708 Specification for Tantalum and Tantalum Alloy Plate,Sheet, and Strip2.2 ASME Code:3Boile
6、r and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, WeldingQualificationsBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Divisions 1,2, 32.3 Military Standard:4MIL-J-24445A Joint, Bimetallic Bonded, Aluminum toSteel3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 This material is considered
7、 as single-clad or double-clad dependent upon whether one or both sides of the basemetal are covered by a cladding metal.3.1.2 base metal, nthe component that comprises thegreatest percentage of total thickness.3.1.3 cladding metal, or cladding metals, nthe compo-nent, or components, which individua
8、lly comprise less than thegreatest percentage of total thickness.3.1.4 cladding operation, nthe production event, whichresults in the formation of the bond between the cladding andbase metal components, plus all related prebonding and postbonding operations, prior to supply to the purchaser.3.1.5 in
9、terface, nof the clad product, is that region ofthickness in which the product transitions from essentially100 % base metal to 100 % cladding metal. Also known asbond or bond zone.3.1.6 interlayer, na metal layer of a type or grade differ-ent from the cladding metal and base metal, which is appliedb
10、etween the cladding and base metal.3.1.7 integrally and continuously bonded, adva conditionin which the cladding metal and base metal are broughttogether to form a metallurgical bond at essentially the entireinterface of the two metals by means other than those processesthat do not produce a homogen
11、eous composite plate.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 Quantity.4.1.2 Product dimensions, including thickness of both clad-ding metal and base metal. It should state whether eachthickness value is minimum or nominal.
12、If not stated, thicknessvalues shall be nominal.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originallyappr
13、oved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as B 898 99.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM webs
14、ite.3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-50981Copyright ASTM International, 1
15、00 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.3 Cladding metal type and specification (the claddingmetal specification) (see Section 6).4.1.4 Base metal type and specification (the base metalspecification) (see Section 6).4.1.5 Flatness requirements (see 10.3
16、).4.1.6 Ultrasonic inspection level (see Section 11).4.1.7 Heat treatment requirements, if any.4.1.8 Restrictions limiting or disallowing welding, or weldrepair, or both, if any (see Section 12).4.1.9 Any additional codes and standards specified by thepurchaser or manufacturer.4.1.10 Supplementary R
17、equirements, if any.4.1.11 Additional requirements, if any.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Process:5.1.1 The base metal shall be manufactured in accordancewith all applicable requirements of the base metal specification(see 4.1.4).5.1.2 The cladding metal shall be manufactured in accor-dance with al
18、l applicable requirements of the cladding metalspecification (see 4.1.3).5.1.3 The cladding metal shall be bonded to the base metalby any cladding operation that will produce a clad productwhich will conform to the requirements of this specification.Cladding methods may be, but are not limited to, e
19、xplosionbonding, roll bonding, and weld overlay.5.1.4 The cladding metal may be fabricated from multiplesheets or plates by edge butt welding prior to the claddingoperation.5.1.5 The cladding thickness may consist of multiple layersof the cladding metal.5.2 Heat TreatmentUnless otherwise specified o
20、r agreedbetween the purchaser and the manufacturer, all heat treat-ments shall be performed as needed in the cladding operationto assure the following:5.2.1 The cladding metal conforms to the applicable re-quirements of the cladding metal specification,5.2.2 The base metal conforms to the applicable
21、 require-ments of the base metal specification, and5.2.3 The clad bond exhibits optimum resistance to dis-bonding during common fabrication processes.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The composite plate may conform to any desired com-bination of cladding metal and base metal as described in 6.2and 6.3 and
22、 as agreed upon between the purchaser and themanufacturer.6.2 Cladding MetalThe cladding metal shall conform tothe requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in theapplicable cladding metal specification: B 265, B 393, B 551/B 551M,orB 708.6.3 Base MetalThe base metal shall be steel or any o
23、therproduct conforming to specifications for metal plate. The basemetal shall conform to the requirements as to chemicalcomposition prescribed in the base metal specification.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 The base metal shall conform to the mechanical prop-erty requirements prescribed in the base meta
24、l specification.7.2 The mechanical properties of the cladding metal maynot conform necessarily to the mechanical property require-ments prescribed in the cladding metal specification unlessotherwise agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.7.3 Mechanical testing of the base metal, in accordanc
25、e withthe base metal specification, may be performed prior to thecladding operation if the cladding operation does not affect theapplicable mechanical properties of the base metal.7.4 Unless simulated post cladding heat treatments arespecified by the purchaser, Supplementary Requirement S5, themecha
26、nical test specimens shall be representative of thematerial in the heat treatment condition of product beingshipped from the clad manufacturer.7.5 Tensile Strength RequirementsThe tensile propertiesshall be determined by a tension test on the base metal only inaccordance with the testing requirement
27、s of the base metalspecification. When tension test specimen are taken from theclad plate, the cladding shall be removed before tension testsare made.7.6 Bond Shear StrengthWhen bond shear strength testingis specified, Supplementary Requirement S1, the bond shearstrength of the clad product shall be
28、 20 000 psi (137.9 MPa)minimum when tested in accordance with Fig. 1.8. Chemical Analysis8.1 When the cladding operation does not affect the chemi-cal composition of the cladding or base metal, or both, thechemical analysis, in accordance with cladding, or base metalspecifications, or both, may be p
29、erformed prior to the claddingoperation. Otherwise, chemical analysis of the applicablecomponent or components shall be performed after the clad-ding operation in accordance with the cladding metal or basemetal specifications, or both.8.2 When chemical analysis of the finished product isinvoked, Sup
30、plementary Requirement S4, the frequency oftesting, specimen location, and testing methods shall be agreedupon between manufacturer and purchaser.9. Location and Number of Tests and Retests9.1 Tension, Bend, and Impact Tests (When Required)Thespecimen orientation, location with respect to thickness,
31、 andnumber of tests and retests shall be in accordance with therequirements of the base metal specification. The test specimenlocation within the plate shall be at the manufacturers option.10. Dimensions and Flatness, Permissible Variations10.1 Thickness:10.1.1 Cladding metal thickness tolerances sh
32、all be inaccordance with Table 1.10.1.2 Base metal thickness tolerances shall be in accor-dance with Table 2.10.1.3 When the purchaser specifies flatness in accordancewith 10.3.1.3 or 10.3.1.4, overgage tolerances in excess ofthose specified herein may be specified by the manufacturer.B89805e1210.1.
33、4 When agreed upon by the producer and the pur-chaser, overgage tolerances different from those specifiedherein shall apply.10.1.5 When an interlayer metal is included in the productand when its thickness exceeds 0.005 in. (0.127 mm) nominal,its composition and nominal thickness shall be reported.10
34、.2 Length and Width or Diameter Tolerances:10.2.1 Clad plates shall be supplied with edges cut to thedimensions specified by the purchaser. Cutting may be per-formed by thermal or mechanical means or any other method,which does not deleteriously affect the product quality. Cladplates shall conform t
35、o the length and width or diametertolerances of Table 3 unless otherwise agreed upon between themanufacturer and purchaser.10.2.2 When specified by the purchaser, clad plate shall besupplied in the as-clad or mill edge, condition. Minimum soundbond size shall be specified, and length and width toler
36、ances ofthe as-supplied product shall be as agreed upon betweenpurchaser and manufacturer.All edge nonbond areas outside oft = Cladding Metal ThicknessIf 0.125 in. (3.2 mm), machine to 0.125 in. (3.2 mm) maxT = Base Metal ThicknessIf base metal thickness 1.0 in. (25.4 mm), it may be machined to 1.0
37、in. (25.4mm) nominal.Remove all cladding from base metal, except for area shown.All corners are 90.FIG. 1 Shear Test SpecimenTABLE 1 Cladding Metal Thickness ToleranceWhen Cladding Metal Thickness is SpecifiedMinimum NominalSpecified Thickness # 0.150 in. 0.150 in. 3.8 mm 4.8 mm $ 4.8 mmUndergage To
38、lerance 0 0 0.75 mm 1.5 mmOvergage Tolerance 100 % ofspecifiedminimum50 % ofspecifiedminimum100 % ofspecifiednominal50 % ofspecifiednominalTABLE 2 Base Metal Thickness ToleranceWhen Base Metal Thickness is SpecifiedMinimum NominalSpecified Thickness 1.0 in. $ 1.0 in. 1.0 in. $ 1.0 in.Undergage Toler
39、ance 0 0 0.01 in. 0.01 in.Overgage Tolerance 0.21 in.over min0.26 in.over min0.20 in. overnominal0.25 in. overnominalTABLE 2M Base Metal Thickness ToleranceWhen Base Metal Thickness is SpecifiedMinimum NominalSpecified Thickness 25.4 mm $ 25.4 mm 25.4 mm $ 25.4 mmUndergage Tolerance 0 0 0.25 mm 0.25
40、 mmOvergage Tolerance 5.3 overspecifiedminimum6.6 overspecifiedminimum5.1 overspecifiednominal6.4 overspecifiednominalTABLE 3 Length and Width, or Diameter, ToleranceTotal ThicknessPermissible Variation from Specified Length andWidths or Diameter2.0 in. 0, + 0.8 in.$ 2.0 in., 4.0 in. 0, + 1.0 in.$ 4
41、.0 in., 8.0 in. 0, + 1.5 in.$ 8.0 in. per agreementTABLE 3M Length and Width, or Diameter, ToleranceTotal ThicknessPermissible Variation from Specified Length andWidths or Diameter50 mm 0, + 20 mm$ 50, 100 0, + 25 mm$ 100, 200 0, + 38 mm$ 200mm per agreementB89805e13the specified minimum sound bond
42、area shall be markedclearly on the surface, or the boundary of the required soundbond area shall be marked clearly on the sound bond portion ofthe surface, or both.10.3 Flatness:10.3.1 Flatness of the clad plate shall be in accordance withone of the following flatness tolerance requirements. Whenfla
43、tness requirements are not specified by the purchaser,flatness tolerances of 10.3.1.1 shall apply.10.3.1.1 Standard Plate FlatnessOut-of-flatness of thecladding face shall not exceed the requirements of Table 4.This flatness criteria typically is applicable for clad platesintended for subsequent for
44、ming, or fabrication, or both.10.3.1.2 Special FlatnessOut-of-flatness of the claddingface shall not exceed 0.100 in. (2.5 mm) over any 36-in.(915-mm) span. This flatness criteria typically is applicable forplates used in the flat condition.10.3.1.3 Machined FlatnessOut-of-flatness of one or bothfac
45、es, as specified by the purchaser, shall not exceed 0.010 in.(0.25 mm) over any 36-in. (915-mm) span.10.3.1.4 Suitable for Machining FlatThe material shall besupplied in a condition suitable for subsequent machining ofspecified face or faces while protecting minimum specifiedthickness. The combinati
46、on of the flatness of the product andthe thickness of the component metals shall permit the claddingmetal, or the base metal, or both, as specified by the purchaser,to be machined to the requirements of 10.3.1.3 withoutreducing thickness below the minimum specified, upon appli-cation of proper set-u
47、p and machining practice.10.3.1.5 Other FlatnessOther flatness requirements maybe agreed upon mutually between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.11. Nondestructive Testing11.1 After the completion of all mechanical and thermalprocessing components of the cladding operation, clad platesshall be inspe
48、cted for bond integrity in accordance with theprocedures and methods of SpecificationA 578/A 578M. Scan-ning shall be performed with a 1 in. (25 mm) or 118 in. (30mm) diameter or 1 in. (25 mm) square transducer. Anyindication which causes 100 % loss of back reflection accom-panied by a reflection fr
49、om the clad interface shall be record-able. Three Quality Levels shall apply. If the ultrasonicinspection class is not specified, Class C shall apply.11.1.1 Class AScanning shall be performed over 100 % ofthe clad surface. Any single recordable indication exceeding 1in. (25 mm) in its longest dimension shall be cause forrejection. The minimum sound bond area shall be 99 %.11.1.2 Class BScanning shall be performed over 100 % ofthe clad surface. Any single recordable indication exceeding 3in. (75 mm) in its longest dimension shall be cause forrejection. T
