1、Designation: B900 04 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Practice forPackaging of Copper and Copper Alloy Mill Products forU.S. Government Agencies1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B900; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case
2、of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice establishes requirements for packaging,packing, and marking intended to ensure
3、 proper and safestorage and transportation of copper and copper alloy millproducts, both foreign and domestic, for direct shipment togovernment activities or shipment processed at a militaryactivity or agency. This practice details the materials, methods,containers, and procedures for the preparatio
4、n for shipment ofcopper and copper alloy mill products. Mill products whereincopper is the basic metal are within the scope of this practice.Commercial packaging establishes the minimum requirementsthat apply unless Level A or B packing is specified (see 6.1).1.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound
5、 units are re-garded as standard. The SI values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is therespon
6、sibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysD143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of T
7、imberD779 Test Method for Water Resistance of Paper, Paper-board, and Other Sheet Materials by the Dry IndicatorMethodD828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper andPaperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-Elongation Appara-tus3D1974 Practice for Methods of Closing, Sealing, and Rein-forcing Fiberboar
8、d BoxesD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingD4444 Test Method for Laboratory Standardization andCalibration of Hand-Held Moisture MetersD5118/D5118M Practice for Fabrication of FiberboardShipping BoxesD5168 Practice for Fabrication and Closure of Triple-WallCorrugated Fiberboard ContainersD5330/D5
9、330M Specification for Pressure-Sensitive Tapefor Packaging, Filament-ReinforcedD6251/D6251M Specification for Wood-Cleated Panel-board Shipping Boxes2.2 ANSI Standard:4ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables forInspection by Attributes2.3 Federal Specifications:5A-A-55057 Panels, Wood/Wood Ba
10、se: Construction andDecorativePPP-B-585 Boxes, Wood, WireboundPPP-B-587 Boxes, Wood, Wirebound Pallet TypePPP-B-601 Boxes, Wood, Cleated-PlywoodPPP-B-621 Boxes, Wood, Nailed and Lock-CornerPPP-B-1055 Barrier Material, Waterproofed, FlexiblePPP-D-705 Drum: Metal Shipping, Steel, (Over 12 andUnder 55
11、Gallon)PPP-D-723 Drums, FiberPPP-D-729 Drums: Metal, 55-Gallon (for Shipment of Non-corrosive Material)2.4 Military Standard:5MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.5 Military Publication:5MIL-HDBK-774 Palletized Unit Loads3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and coppe
12、ralloys, refer to Terminology B846.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper andCopper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.91 on Editorialand Publications.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010.
13、Published December 2010. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as B900 04. DOI:10.1520/B0900-04R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informatio
14、n, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5Available from Standardization
15、 Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.1 deckboard, npiece
16、 or pieces of lumber fastened atright angles to the stringers or skids of a pallet to form aload-bearing surface.3.2.2 gross weight, nthe bare-item weight and the weightof all packaging and packing materials.3.2.3 interleaving, nthe protective material placed be-tween two adjacent pieces of metal.3.
17、2.4 net weight, nthe bare-item weight.3.2.5 nominal, adjthe roughsawn, commercial size des-ignation for lumber common to the industry.3.2.6 packing; Level Athe protection required to meet themost severe worldwide shipment, handling, and storage con-ditions.3.2.6.1 DiscussionA Level A package must be
18、 capable ofprotecting material from effects of direct exposure to extremesof climate, terrain, and operational transportation environ-ments.3.2.7 packing; Level Bthe protection required to meetmoderate worldwide shipment, handling, and storage condi-tions.3.2.7.1 DiscussionA Level B package must be
19、capable ofprotecting material not directly exposed to extremes of climate,terrain, and operational transportation environments.3.2.8 packaging; commercialalthough not specifically de-fined by any government regulation or instruction, commercialpackaging (preservation and packing) is understood to be
20、 thosepractices by manufacturers and contractors to protect andidentify material and items packaged for retail and wholesaledistribution purposes.3.2.8.1 DiscussionPractice D3951 provides guidance inthe application of commercial packaging.NOTE 1It has been determined by joint DoD instructions that c
21、om-mercial, also in some areas addressed as industrial packaging, should onlybe used or specified when such packaging is known to satisfy the DoDneeds. Such use should be determined before a contract for supplies isawarded or within the life cycle of the contract when substantial savingsto the gover
22、nment may result. Commercial (industrial) packaging shouldnot be specified where multiple shipments and handlings are anticipated ordesired.3.2.9 skid, none of a pair or series of parallel woodrunners affixed to the underside of boxes, crates, or an itemallowing entry of truck forks, or to facilitat
23、e sliding.3.2.10 sound woods, nwood free of any form of decay,incipient or advanced, and from insert holes.3.2.11 stringer, na wooden member fastened at rightangles to the load-bearing members of a pallet or the deckboardof a platform.3.2.12 sulfate paper, nwood-pulp paper made by thesulfate process
24、.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is applicable to packaging of copper alloymill products for shipment to agencies of the U.S. Government.4.2 It covers packaging of rod, bar, shapes, plate, sheet,strip, foil, wire, flat wire, rolled bar, forgings, pipe, and tubeproducts.5. Classification5.1
25、Shipping containers, for Levels A and B packing (see7.6 and 7.8), having common characteristics are as follows:5.1.1 Category 1Boxes, nailed wood, wire-bound wood,wood-cleated plywood, and wood cleated, veneer, paper over-laid (see 7.6.1).5.1.2 Category 2Fiber and metal drums (see 7.6.2).5.1.3 Categ
26、ory 3Pallets and pallet boxes (see 7.6.3).5.1.4 Category 4Skidded lifts (see 7.6.4).5.1.5 Category 5Hand bundles (see 7.6.5).5.1.6 Category 6Secured lifts (without skids) (masterbundles) (see 7.6.6).5.1.7 Category 7Reels and spools (see 7.6.7).5.1.8 Category 8Fiberboard boxes (see 7.6.8).5.1.9 Categ
27、ory 9Special containers (see 7.6.9).6. Ordering Information6.1 Orders for products shall specify the following packag-ing information:6.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue.6.1.2 Fiberboard box, if other than Class 1 (see 7.6.8).6.1.3 Level of packaging and level of packing if other thancommercial
28、 (see 7.4 and 7.6.9.1).6.1.4 Maximum gross weight of container (see 7.6.1.6-7.6.1.8, 7.6.3 and 7.6.4).6.1.5 When palletized drums are required (see 7.8.2.7).6.1.6 When bare welding rod in wire form is required infiber drums (see 7.8.2.7).6.1.7 When cores fitted with slinger ring attachment arerequir
29、ed for shafting (see 7.8.2.7).6.1.8 When coiled wire is required in lighter or heavier netweight (see 7.8.2.7).6.1.9 When saddles are required (see 7.8.3.1).6.1.10 Special marking required (see 7.9).7. Detailed Requirements7.1 OptionsUnless otherwise specified, packaging andpacking requirements sele
30、ction shall be at the option of thecontractor.7.2 Packaging and Packing MaterialsMaterials not cov-ered by applicable specifications or not specifically describedherein shall be of the best commercial quality and suitable forthe purpose intended.7.2.1 PackagingThe use of packaging materials shall be
31、in accordance with 7.8.7.3 Level A:7.3.1 Waterproof Barrier MaterialsThe material shallconsist of 100 % sulfate paper suitably coated or laminated tomeet the following tensile-strength requirement when tested inaccordance with Test Method D828 and the following water-resistance requirement when test
32、ed in accordance with TestMethod D779. If an asphalt laminate base weight 30 lbs (13.6kg) minimum is used, the paper shall have a minimum baseweight of 30 lbs per 500 sheets 24 by 36 in. (609.6 by 914.4mm) (30-30-30-minimum).Tensile strength per inch width (weaker direction) 15 lbs (16.8 kg)Water re
33、sistance (dry indicator method) 10 hB900 04 (2010)27.3.2 Alternatively, waterproof-barrier materials in accor-dance with Specification PPP-B-1055 may be used at thecontractors option. All wrapping material in contact with baremetal surfaces shall be within the pH range from 5.0 to 10.0.7.3.3 Interle
34、aving PaperInterleaving paper shall be anti-tarnishing, noncorrosive, uncreped paper of 10-lbs (4.54-kg)minimum base weight.7.3.4 Unit ContainersFiberboard boxes and closure meth-ods used for packaging wire on spools, wire and tube in coils,or similar products shall be in accordance with PracticesD5
35、118/D5118Mand D1974. Where specific container designsare not described by the applicable specification, the manufac-turers commercial practice shall apply.7.4 CommercialUnless Level A or B packing is specified(see 6.1), the following shall apply.7.4.1 Packaging material(s) shall be sufficient to aff
36、ordadequate protection against physical damage during shipmentfrom the supply source to the first receiving activity forimmediate use. This level may be in accordance with PracticeD3951 when such meets the requirements of this level.7.5 Packing (Levels A and B):7.5.1 WoodRequirements for wood for bo
37、xes, pallets,reels, and similar items with regard to species, quality, anddimensions shall be in accordance with Specification PPP-B-621 except as modified in 7.5.1.2 and Tables 1-3.7.5.1.1 SeasoningThe wood shall be seasoned to a mois-ture content not more than 18 % nor less than 12 %.At the timeof
38、 inspection of containers, the moisture content of the woodshall not be less than 8 %. Wood for pallets shall be seasonedto a moisture content not more than 22 % for deck boards and26 % for stringers.7.5.1.2 PlywoodPlywood for boxes shall be in accordancewith Type I or II, Class 2 of SpecificationA-
39、A-55057 for LevelA packing, and Type III, Class 1 of Specification A-A-55057for Label B packing.7.6 Container Construction Packing and Securing Methods(Levels A and B):7.6.1 Category 1 Boxes:7.6.1.1 Nailed Wood Boxes (All Groups of Wood)Theconstruction and style of nailed wood boxes shall be inaccor
40、dance with Figs. 1-6 and Tables 1-4. Side, top, andbottom sections 912 in. (241.3 mm) or less in width shall bemade of one piece, whenever possible. Spliced boards, when-ever necessary, on nailed wood boxes are permissible. Theboards shall be butted and the splicing board shall extend oneach side of
41、 the joint at least three times the width of the boardbeing spliced. The splicing board shall equal the width andthickness of the boards being spliced. Nails shall be clinched.7.6.1.2 Skid (Runners)Except as specified herein, boxeshaving a gross weight exceeding 600 lbs (272 kg) shall bemodified by
42、the addition of nominal 2- by 4-in. (50.8- by101.6-mm) skids positioned flatwise across the width of thebox and located approximately 4 in. (101.6 mm) from the endsof the box. In attaching skids, nailing shall be through thebottom boards and into the skids. When longitudinal, as wellas, girthwise st
43、raps are required, the skids shall be notched topermit passage of the straps between the skids and the bottomof the box. Skids are not required for boxes shipped on pallets,boxes in a skidded master shipping unit, or boxes 7 ft (2.13 m)or over in length.7.6.1.3 Thickness of LumberThe thickness of lu
44、mber fornailed wood boxes shall be in accordance with Tables 1-3.7.6.1.4 NailsThe nails for nailed wood boxes shall be inaccordance with Table 4.7.6.1.5 StrappingNailed wood boxes shall be strappedwith flat steel strap or round wire having a breaking strengthequivalent to that of the flat steel stra
45、p. Strap placement shallbe in accordance with Figs. 1-6, as applicable.7.6.1.6 Wirebound BoxesWirebound boxes shall conformto Specification PPP-B-585, Class 3 use for Level A packingand Class 1 or 2 use for Level B packing. Unless otherwisespecified (see 6.1), the gross weight of wirebound boxes sha
46、llnot exceed the requirements of the box specification.7.6.1.7 Wood, Cleated-Plywood BoxesWood cleated-plywood boxes shall be in accordance with SpecificationPPP-B-601, overseas type for Level A packing and domestictype for Level B packing. Unless otherwise specified (see 6.1),the gross weight shall
47、 not exceed, the weight limitations of thebox specification.7.6.1.8 Wood, Cleated, Veneer, Paper-Overlaid BoxesWood, cleated, veneer, paper-overlaid boxes shall conform toSpecification D6251/D6251M Class 2 for Level A packing andTABLE 1 Nailed Wood Boxes for Straight Lengths of Bar, Rod, Shafting, S
48、hapes, Flat Wire, and Tubular ProductsWeight of Content, lbs(kg)Box Styles(See Figs. 1-6)Minimum SidesThickness, in.(mm)Minimum Topand BottomThickness,in. (mm)Ends End CleatsABattensAStyles 1and 1ABStyles 2, 4, 7,and 8CStyles 2, 4, 7, and 8 Styles 1A, 7, and 8Minimum 1 or2-Ply Thickness,in. (mm)DMin
49、imum 1-PlyThickness, in.(mm)MinimumWidth, in.(mm)MinimumThickness, in.(mm)MinimumWidth, in.(mm)MinimumThickness,in. (mm)Up to 280 (127) 1, 2, and 458 (15.8)12 (12.7) 1116 (27.0)58 (15.8) 212 (63.5)58 (15.8) . .281 to 560(128 to 254)1, 2, and 458 (15.8)58 (15.8) 1116 (27.0)58 (15.8) 212 (63.5)58 (15.8) . .561 to 1120(255 to 508)1to834 (19.1)58 (15.8) 112 (38.1) 1116 (27.0) 234 (69.9)58 (15.8) 234 (69.9)34 (19.1)1121 to 2240(509 to 1016)1to8 1116 (27.0)34 (19.1)12 (38.1) 1116 (27.0) 234 (69.9) 1116 (27) 234 (
