1、Designation: B 910/B 910M 07Standard Specification forAnnealed Copper-Clad Steel Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 910/B 910M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers bare round copper-clad steelfor the following applications: electrical, electronic, grounding,telecommunicatio
3、ns, and other applications.1.2 Four conductivities are covered as follows: 21, 30, 40,and 70 %.1.3 Temper is designated as annealed.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound or SI units are to beregarded separately as the standard. Each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from
4、 the twosystems may result in nonconformance with the specification.For conductor sizes designated byAWG, the requirements in SIunits have been numerically converted from correspondingvalues stated or derived in inch-pound units. For conductorsizes designated by SI units only, the requirements are s
5、tated orderived in SI units.1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains to thetest method portion only, Section 7, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to
6、 establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on thedate of material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 AST
7、M Standards:2B 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB 258 Specification for Nominal Diameters and Cross-Sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Usedas Electrical Conductors2.3 NIST Document:3NBS Handbook 100 - Copper Wire Tables3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders f
8、or material under this specification shall includethe following information:3.1.1 Quantity of each size;3.1.2 Wire size: diameter in inches (see 5.2);3.1.3 Conductivity (see Table 1);3.1.4 Wire to be used for redraw or not;3.1.5 Packaging and shipping (see 10); and3.1.6 Place of inspection (see 6.1)
9、.4. Material4.1 The wire shall consist of a core of homogeneousopen-hearth, electric-furnace, or basic-oxygen steel with acontinuous outer cladding of copper thoroughly bonded to thecore throughout and shall be of such quality as to meet therequirements of this specification.5. General Requirements5
10、.1 Tensile Strength and ElongationThe copper-clad steelwire shall conform to the tensile strength requirements of Table2. Because there are many carbon steel and copper thicknesscombinations available, the desired tensile strength should beagreed upon between the purchaser and manufacturer prior top
11、lacing an order. The elongation shall be 15.0 % minimum forall diameters listed in 5.2.5.2 DimensionsThe wire size range for this specificationshall be from 0.0253 (0.643 mm) to 0.2294 in. (5.827 mm)diameter (see Note 1).5.2.1 Permissible VariationsThe wire sizes shall meet thefollowing tolerances:5
12、.2.1.1 For diameters 0.1000 in. (2.54 mm) and over, thewire shall not vary from the specified diameter by more than 6112 %, expressed to the nearest 0.0001 in. (0.003 mm).5.2.1.2 For diameters under 0.1000 in. (2.54 mm) and above0.0253 in. (0.643 mm), the wire shall not vary from thespecified diamet
13、er by more than 61 %, expressed to thenearest 0.0001 in. (0.003 mm).1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.06 onComposite Conductors.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published October 2007
14、. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B 910/B 910M 06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summa
15、ry page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 1The val
16、ues of the wire diameters in 5.2 are given to thenearest 0.0001 in. (0.003 mm) and correspond to the standard sizes givenin Specification B 258. The use of gage numbers to specify wire sizes isnot recognized in this specification because of the possibility of confusion.An excellent discussion of wir
17、e gages and related subjects is contained inNBS Handbook 100.5.3 Adhesion and Surface DefectsThe copper-clad steelwire, when tested in accordance with 7.4, shall not reveal anyseams, pits, slivers, or other imperfection of sufficient magni-tude to indicate inherent defects or imperfections. Examinat
18、ionof the wire at the break with the unaided eye (normal spectaclesexcepted) shall show no separation of copper from the steel.5.4 JointsNecessary joints in the wire and rods prior tofinal drawing shall be made in accordance with good commer-cial practice. The finished wire shall contain no joints o
19、r splicesmade at finished size.5.5 FinishThe wire shall be free from copper discontinui-ties and all imperfections not consistent with good commercialpractice (see 7.5).5.6 Copper ThicknessThe minimum copper thickness dueto eccentricity shall not be less than shown in Table 2.5.7 ResistivityThe elec
20、trical resistivity at a temperature of20C shall not exceed the values prescribed in Table 1. SeeNote 2 for calculating electrical resistance.NOTE 2Relationships which may be useful in connection with thevalues of electrical resistivity prescribed in this specification are shown inTable 2. Resistivit
21、y units are based on the International Annealed CopperStandard (IACS) adopted by IEC in 1913, which is158 ohm mm2/m at20C for 100 % conductivity. The value of 0.017241 ohm mm2/m and thevalue of 0.15328 ohm g/m2at 20C are, respectively, the internationalequivalent of volume and weight resistivity of
22、annealed copper equal to100 % conductivity. The latter term means that a copper wire 1 in. inlength and weighing 1 g would have a resistance of 0.15328 ohm. This isequivalent to a resistivity value of 875.20 ohm lb/mile2, which signifiesthe resistance of a copper wire 1 mile in length weighing 1 lb.
23、 It is alsoequivalent, for example, to 1.7241 ohm/cm of length of a copper bar 1 cm2in cross section. A complete discussion of this subject is contained inNBS Handbook 100. The use of five significant figures in expressingresistivity does not imply the need for greater accuracy of measurementthan th
24、at specified in Test Method B 193. The use of five significantfigures is required for complete reversible conversion from one set ofresistivity units to another.6. Inspection6.1 GeneralAll tests and inspections shall be made at theplace of manufacture unless otherwise agreed upon betweenthe manufact
25、urer and the purchaser at the time of the purchase.The manufacturer shall afford the inspector representing thepurchaser all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that thematerial is being furnished in accordance with this specifica-tion (Note 3).NOTE 3Cumulative results secured on the product of a s
26、ingle manu-facturer, indicating continued conformance to the criteria, are necessary toensure an over-all product meeting the requirements of this specification.The sample sizes and conformance criteria given for the various charac-teristics are applicable only to lots produced under these condition
27、s.6.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed by the manufacturer and thepurchaser, conformance of the wire to the various requirementslisted in Section 5 shall be determined on samples taken fromeach lot of wire presented for acceptance.6.1.2 The manufacturer shall, if requested prior to inspec-tion, certify tha
28、t all wire in the lot was made under suchconditions that the product as a whole conforms to therequirements of this specification as determined by regularlymade and recorded tests.6.2 Definitions:6.2.1 lotany amount of wire of one class and size pre-sented for acceptance at one time, such amount, ho
29、wever, is notto exceed 40 000 lb (18 144 kg) (Note 4).NOTE 4Alot should comprise material taken from a product regularlymeeting the requirements of this specification. Inspection of individuallots of less than 500 lb (230 kg) of wire cannot be justified economically.For small lots of 500 lb (230 kg)
30、 or less, the purchaser may agree to themanufacturers regular inspection of the product as a whole as evidence ofacceptability of such small lots.6.2.2 samplea quantity of production units (coils, reels,and so forth) selected at random from the lot for the purpose ofdetermining conformance of the lo
31、t to the requirements of thisspecification.6.2.3 specimena length of wire removed for test purposesfrom any individual production unit of the sample.6.3 Sample SizeThe number of production units in asample (see Note 3) shall be as follows:6.3.1 For tensile strength, elongation, resistivity, adhesion
32、,and other defects, the sample shall consist of four productionunits. For surface finish the sampling shall be in accordanceTABLE 1 Density (nom.) and Resistivity, (max.), at 20C (NominalConductivity, Minimum Conductivity, and Nominal Density forReference Only)NominalConductivity(% IACS)Nominal Dens
33、ityMaximum Resistivityat 20CMinimumConductivity(% IACS)lb/in.3(g/cm3) Ohm cmil/ft(ohmmm2/m)21 0.2885 (7.99) 54.58 (0.0907) 19.0030 0.2944 (8.15) 35.26 (0.0586) 29.4140 0.2975 (8.24) 26.45 (0.0440) 39.2170 0.3098 (8.58) 15.96 (0.0265) 65.00TABLE 2 Tensile and Minimum Copper Thickness (Conductivityand
34、 Nominal Copper Thickness for Reference Only)NominalConductivity(% IACS)Minimum TensileStrengthMinimum CopperThicknessNominal CopperThicknesspsi (N/mm2) (% of Diameter) (% of Diameter)21 50 000 (345) 1.5 330 45 000 (310) 3.0 740 40 000 (276) 5.0 970 35 000 (241) 15.0 20TABLE 3 Sampling for Surface F
35、inish and Packaging InspectionNumber of Units in Lot Number of Units inSample, nAllowable Number ofDefective Units, c1 to 30, incl All 031 to 50, incl 30 051 to 100, incl 37 0101 to 200, incl 40 0201 to 300, incl 70 1301 to 500, incl 100 2501 to 800, incl 130 3Over 800 155 4B 910/B 910M 072with Tabl
36、e 3. From each unit, one test specimen of sufficientlength shall be removed for the performance of the requiredtests. Samples found defective shall not be used.7. Test Methods7.1 Tensile Strength and ElongationObtain the tensilestrength, expressed in pounds per square inch (or kilograms-force per sq
37、uare millimetre), by dividing the maximum loadcarried by the specimen during the tension test, by the originalcross-sectional area of the specimen. Tensile strength andelongation may be determined simultaneously on the samespecimen.7.1.1 The elongation of wire may be determined as thepermanent incre
38、ase in length, expressed in percent of theoriginal length, due to the breaking of the wire in tension,measured between gage marks placed originally 10 in. (250mm) apart upon the test specimen (Note 5). The elongation ofwire shall be determined as described above or by measure-ments made between the
39、jaws of the testing machine (cross-head movement). When the latter method is used, the zerolength shall be the distance between the jaws at the start of thetension test when 10 % of the minimum specified breakingload has been applied and be as near 10 in. (250 mm) aspracticable, and the final length
40、 shall be the distance betweenthe jaws at the time of rupture. The fracture shall be betweengage marks in the case of specimens so marked or between thejaws of the testing machine and not closer than 1 in. (25 mm)to either gage mark or either jaw.NOTE 5It is known that the rate of loading during ten
41、sion testingaffects the performance of the sample to a greater or lesser extentdepending upon many factors. In general, tested values of tensile strengthare increased and tested values of elongation are reduced with increase ofspeed of the moving head of the testing machine. It is suggested that tes
42、tsbe made at speeds of moving head which, under no-load conditions, arenot greater than 12 in./min (305 mm/min), but in no case at a speed greaterthan that at which correct readings can be made.7.1.2 Measure the elongation by means of an extensometeror other device suitable for measuring elongation
43、in 10 in. (250mm), and having a vernier reading to 0.01 in. (0.25 mm)attached to the test specimen at a tension load of approximately10 % of rated strength. Observe the elongation while applyinga tension load to the specimen and take the reading whenfracture occurs as the elongation of the specimen.
44、 Disregardtests in which the elongation is less than specified, but in whichthe fracture has occurred within 1 in. (25 mm) of the jaws orextensometer clamps.7.2 ResistivityThe electrical resistivity of the materialshall be determined in accordance with Test Method B 193.7.3 Dimensional MeasurementsM
45、ake dimensional mea-surements with a micrometer caliper equipped with a vernier(or better instrument) graduated in 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm).Gage each coil at three places, one near each end and one nearthe middle. From each spool unreel approximately 12 ft (3600mm) and gage the wire in six places betw
46、een the second (600thmm) and twelfth foot (3600th mm) from the end.7.4 Torsion (Twist) TestThe wire shall withstand withoutfracture not less than 20 torsions in a length equivalent to 100times the nominal diameter of the specimen. All twists shall bemade in the same direction. The rate of applying t
47、he twistsshall be approximately 15/min. Specimens shall be twisted todestruction and shall meet the requirements of 5.3 of thisspecification.7.5 FinishSurface finish inspection shall be made with theunaided eye (normal spectacles excepted) for wire diametersabove 0.100 in. (2.54mm). For sizes of 0.1
48、00 in. (2.54 mm) andbelow a magnifier of 103 may be used.7.6 Copper ThicknessDetermination of the minimumcopper thickness shall be done by microscopical examinationof the polished end or by standard stripping methods or by anyother suitable method agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchase
49、r.8. Conformance Criteria (See Note 3)8.1 Any lot of wire, the samples of which comply with theconformance criteria of this section, shall be considered ascomplying with the requirements of Section 5. Individualproduction units that fail to meet one or more of the require-ments shall be rejected. Failure of a sample group from a lot tomeet one or more of the following criteria shall constitutecause for rejection of the lot. The conformance criteria for eachof the prescribed properties given in Section 5 are as follows:8.2 Tensile Strength and Elongati
