1、Designation: B976 11 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forFiber Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite (AMC) CoreWire for Aluminum Conductors, Composite Reinforced(ACCR)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B976; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers fiber reinforced, aluminummatri
3、x composite core wire used for mechanical reinforcementin the manufacture of aluminum conductor, composite rein-forced (ACCR). This wire consists of continuous filamentfibers of aluminum oxide in a matrix of aluminum.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values
4、 given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.2.1 ExceptionSome non-standard SI units provided forinformation only do not appear in brackets.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns
5、, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof ma
6、terial purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein.2.2 ASTM Standards:2B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB830 Specification for Uniform Test Methods and Fre-quencyD3552 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Fiber Rein-forced Metal Matrix C
7、omposites3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite wire, nawire consisting of two constituents: the first a number ofcontinuous fibers of aluminum oxide along the axis of the wire,which is embedded in the second constituent of a
8、luminummetal, as shown in Fig. 1.3.1.2 lot, nunless otherwise specified in the contract ororder, a lot shall consist of all coils of wire of the samediameter submitted for inspection at the same time.3.1.3 production unit, na reel, spool, or other package ofwire that represents a single usable lengt
9、h.3.1.4 sample, nthe production unit(s) from which a testspecimen(s) has been removed, and which is considered tohave properties representative of the lot.3.1.5 specimen, na length of wire removed for test pur-poses.3.1.6 tow, na bundle, containing multiple fibers.3.1.7 AMC, nAluminum Matrix Composi
10、te, a materialconsisting of two constituents: the first a series of continuousfibers of aluminum oxide which is embedded in the secondconstituent of aluminum metal.3.1.8 ACCR, nAluminum Conductor CompositeReinforced, a concentric-lay-stranded conductor made up ofouter aluminum strands of hard, heat
11、resistant aluminum wiresand a core of round, aluminum matrix composite wire(s), foruse as overhead electrical conductors.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 Quantity of each size,4.1.2 Wire size (see 8.1),4.1.3 Place of
12、 inspection (see 11.1),4.1.4 Package size and type (see 12.1),4.1.5 Special package marking.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The fiber reinforcement shall be continuous tows ofaluminum oxide.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct
13、responsibility of Subcommittee B01.07 onConductors of Light Metals.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originallyapproved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as B976 11. DOI:10.1520/B0976-11R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.or
14、g, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 The core w
15、ires shall be of such quality and purity thatthe finished product shall have the approximate properties andcharacteristics prescribed in this specification, including break-ing load, elongation, modulus properties, and electrical resis-tivity requirements set forth in Table 1.6. Tensile Test6.1 Befo
16、re stranding, the composite core wire of any diam-eter shall conform to the tensile breaking load requirements setforth in Table 2 (see Explanatory Note 1).6.2 Test MethodTensile testing of metal matrix compositematerials is covered by D3552, including the need for stringenttest frame alignment. How
17、ever, this standard does not specifytesting of round metal matrix composite wire samples. Thus,for AMC core wire samples, the tensile test shall use aminimum gauge length of 24 in. (610 mm) (see ExplanatoryNote 2). Each end of the wire shall be adhesively bonded to adepth of 4 in. (100 mm) into a 6
18、in. (150 mm) long steelgripping tube. A Hi-flex epoxy is suggested such as Scotch-Weld DP-810 Hi-flex epoxy adhesive. The test machine grip-ping jaws shall grip the end section of the tube that contains nowire. Direct gripping of the core wire in the test machine jawswithout end tubes is not permitt
19、ed, unless the tester candemonstrate the effect of direct gripping on the wire does notcause failure of the wire within the gripping length. Thecross-head speed shall provide a strain rate of 0.002in./in./min(0.002 mm/mm/min).6.3 Test SpecimensThe test specimens shall be free ofsharp bends, dents or
20、 kinks other than the curvature resultingfrom the packaging operations.7. Density and Resistivity7.1 For the purposes of calculating mass per unit length,cross-sections, and so forth, the density of the composite wireat 20C shall be taken as 0.122 lb/in.3(3370 kg/m3).7.2 Electrical resistivity, dete
21、rmined on samples selectedand tested in accordance with Test Method B193, shall notexceed 43.2 cmil/ft (0.0718 mm2/m) at 68F (20C).7.3 Equivalent conductivity; the wire shall meet or exceed24.0 % IACS at 68F (20C).7.4 The temperature coefficient of resistance at 20C istaken as 0.00404.8. Dimensions
22、and Permissible Variations8.1 The specified diameter shall be expressed in inches tofour decimal places or in millimeters to two decimal places.8.2 Measure the diameter of each specimen with a microm-eter caliper to the nearest 0.0005 in. or 0.01 mm. Take twomeasurements at one location, the second
23、90 from the first.Average the two measurements to obtain the specimen diam-eter. The specimen diameter shall not vary from the specifieddiameter by more than 60.0035 in. (60.09 mm) for all wirediameters.8.3 Continuous process control using an optical diametermeasurement device, or other methods, may
24、 be substituted inaccordance with section 8.2 if the tester can demonstrate theaccuracy of the measurement system relative to the method insection 8.2.8.4 Should questions arise regarding diameter compliance,the actual diameter shall be determined in accordance withsection 8.2.9. Joints9.1 No joints
25、 shall be made in the finished wire.10. Number of Tests and Retests10.1 A minimum of one test specimen of sufficient lengthshall be taken from a lot to perform the required testing (seeExplanatory Note 2). A lot shall consist of at least onecontinuous length of input material (for example, a fiber s
26、etup).10.2 Each specimen shall be tested for compliance withSections 6, 7, and 8.NOTE 1Dark Phases are fiber viewed end-on and the light phase is aluminum matrix. The equivalent diameter of the fibers is approximately 470 in.(12 m).FIG. 1 Polished Cross-section of an Aluminum Matrix Composite WireTA
27、BLE 1 Typical Physical PropertiesNOTE 1See Explanatory Note 1 for Tensile Strength property.Property ValueTensile Strength 200 ksi (1380 MPa)Elongation (strain to failure) 0.65 %Tensile Modulus 30.6 Msi (210 GPa)Electrical Resistivity at 68F(20C)43.2 cmil/ft(0.0718 mm2/m)Thermal Expansion Coefficien
28、t 68-464F(20-240C)3.5x10-6/F(6.3 x 10-6/C)Density at 20C 0.122 lb/in.3(3370 kg/m3).B976 11 (2015)210.3 Should one or more of the test specimens fail any ofthe tests specified, the nonconforming production unit or unitsmay be removed and the balance of the lot subjected to retests(see Explanatory Not
29、e 3). For retest purposes, two additionalproduction units in the lot shall be sampled and tested for theproperty in which the original sample failed to comply.10.4 Should any of the retest specimens fail to meet theproperties specified, the lot represented by the test specimenshall be rejected.10.5
30、Instead of rejecting the entire lot as provided in 10.4,the producer may test specimens from every production unit inthe lot for the property in which failure occurred, and rejectonly the nonconforming production units.11. Inspection11.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, t
31、he manufacturer shall be responsible for the perfor-mance of all inspection and test requirements specified.11.2 All inspections and tests shall be made at the place ofmanufacture, unless otherwise agreed upon between the manu-facturer and the purchaser.11.3 The manufacturer shall afford the inspect
32、or represent-ing the purchaser reasonable access to the manufacturersfacilities consistent with the purchasers need to ensure com-pliance with this specification.12. Product Marking12.1 Package dimensions, kind of package (coils, reels orreel-less coils), and quantity of wire in each package shall b
33、eagreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser. Unlessotherwise specified, each package shall contain one continuouslength of wire.12.2 The wire shall be protected against damage in handlingand shipping. A protective sheet (for example, 1/8 in. (3 mm)thick rubber sheeting) shall be wrapped arou
34、nd the wire on thepackage and secured by tape. No metal or plastic bands shall beused to secure the wire.12.3 There is a minimum bending radius required for theAMC wire to prevent damage. The drum diameter shall not beless than 24 in. (610 mm) for the reels used to transport thewire.13. Keywords13.1
35、 aluminum matrix composite wire; composite corewire; fiber reinforced aluminum wire; metal matrix compositewire; aluminum composite wire; composite wireTABLE 2 Tensile Load RequirementsWire Diameter,(in.)Wire Diameter,(mm)Ultimate TensileBreaking Load,min., (lbs)Ultimate TensileBreaking Load,min., (
36、kN)0.0741 1.88 858 3.820.0774 1.97 935 4.160.0803 2.04 1005 4.470.0831 2.11 1080 4.800.0863 2.19 1159 5.160.0889 2.26 1229 5.470.0919 2.33 1311 5.830.0943 2.40 1382 6.150.0971 2.47 1464 6.510.1017 2.58 1604 7.130.1031 2.62 1616 7.190.1046 2.66 1699 7.560.1065 2.71 1757 7.820.1090 2.77 1839 8.180.111
37、1 2.82 1909 8.490.1135 2.88 1991 8.860.1155 2.93 2060 9.160.1181 3.00 2154 9.58B976 11 (2015)3EXPLANATORY NOTESNOTE 1Tensile breaking load and not tensile strength is specifiedbecause in composite materials of these sizes, the main strength memberis the fiber and not the metal matrix. Fiber is provi
38、ded in discrete packagesor tows. Thus a wire that is nominally 0.0831 in. (2.11 mm) diameter mayhave a deviation in diameter due to tolerance fluctuation (for example,60.0035 in. (60.09 mm) but will contain the same amount of fiber. Thebreaking load of this wire will be the same, independent of the
39、actual wirediameter, since it contains the same amount of fiber, and changes indiameter due to changes in metal content do not affect the strength.Computation of the tensile strength due to the change in wire diameter willthus give a range of tensile strengths. Thus tensile strength is not a fixedpa
40、rameter, only breaking load. This is one difference between compositematerials and metals and alloys. As extra packages or tows of fibers areadded, then the breaking load increases stepwise to reflect this.NOTE 2In tensile testing the minimum gauge length is 24 in. (610mm). This reduces the need for
41、 stringent test frame alignment required forshorter specimens and the resulting end effects from end tabs. This alsoreduces the amount of time and extra materials used for testing.NOTE 3Should a failure occur, the manufacturer may retest if thecause of the failure is suspected to be an error in the
42、testing procedure,set-up, or factors other then non-conformance with the property beingtested. For example, if a tensile test fails due to a break that occurs withinthe gripping region, the failure may be due to a gripping deficiency, andthat would be a valid cause for retesting the production unit.
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46、ee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 11 (2015)4
