1、Designation: C1136 17aStandard Specification forFlexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for ThermalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1136; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers vapor re
3、tarders for thermalinsulation, specifically, flexible materials with permeance of0.10 perm or lower and surface burning characteristics of 25flame spread/50 smoke or lower. These materials are intendedfor use at surface temperatures of 20 to 150F (29 to 66C).It does not cover mastics or barrier coat
4、ings applied in liquidform, nor materials intended for use as weather barriers.1.2 This is a material specification and does not imply thatan installed system using these materials will provide thephysical properties specified in Section 6.1.3 This specification provides physical requirements forvap
5、or retarders. Practice C755 provides assistance in solvingproblems related to moisture vapor transmission through ther-mal insulation materials.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are pr
6、ovided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the testmethods portion only, Section 10, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
7、 of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, andenvironmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization establish
8、ed in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC755 Practice for Se
9、lection of Water Vapor Retarders forThermal InsulationD774/D774M Test Method for Bursting Strength of Paper(Withdrawn 2010)3C1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and HumidityResistance of Vapor Retarders for InsulationC1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible WaterVapor RetardersC1338
10、 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance ofInsulation Materials and FacingsD828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper andPaperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-ElongationApparatusD882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin PlasticSheetingD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofN
11、onrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperatureD3285 Test Method for Water Absorptiveness of Nonbibu-lous Paper and Paperboard (Cobb Test) (Withdrawn2010)3E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMateri
12、als2.2 TAPPI Standards:T461 Flame Resistance of Treated Paper and Paperboard3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions in Terminology C168 apply toterms used in this specification.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility
13、of Subcommittee C16.33 onInsulation Finishes and Moisture.Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2017. Published November 2017. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C1136 17. DOI:10.1520/C1136-17A.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcon
14、tact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
15、 PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issue
16、d by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14. Classification4.1 Classification of vapor retarders, with the exception ofType IX, is based on physical properties.4.1.1 Type IX, in addition to physical propertyrequirements, has specific structural requirements.4.2 P
17、hysical property requirements are listed in Table 1.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Vapor retarders, with the exception of Type IX, areconstructed of various films, metallic foils, fabrics, papers andreinforcements, alone or in combination as a lamination.5.2 Metallic foils, the most commonly used b
18、eing aluminumof a minimum gauge, are the only materials expected toprovide the impermeable component in a vapor retarderrequired for Type IX.5.2.1 Type IX vapor retarders must contain at a minimumthe following components in the structure:5.2.2 One layer of metallic foil with a minimum thickness of0.
19、00095 in. (24.1) or5.2.3 Multiple layers of metallic foil with a cumulativeminimum thickness of 0.0012 in. (30.5)5.2.4 A fully laminated, continuous protective substrate onat least one side of the foil layers5.3 Types VII-X vapor retarders contain water resistantouter surfaces.6. Physical Properties
20、6.1 Maximum permeance for a specific type vapor retardershall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordance with10.1. Values for permeance requirements are rounded to twodecimals.6.2 All vapor retarders shall demonstrate a flame spread of25 or less and smoke developed of 50 or less when testing t
21、hefinish side (the side opposite that contacting the insulation) inaccordance with 10.2.6.3 Minimum tensile strength for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordancewith 10.3.6.4 Maximum dimensional change for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in
22、 Table 1, when tested in accor-dance with 10.4.6.5 All type vapor retarders shall not sustain growth of fungiwhen tested in accordance with 10.5.6.6 All type vapor retarders shall not crack or delaminate attemperatures from 20 to 150F (29 to 66C) when tested inaccordance with 10.6.6.7 Minimum burst
23、strength for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordancewith 10.7.6.8 Vapor retarders containing paper or paper products shallnot demonstrate an increase in char length of more than 20 %when tested in accordance with 10.8.6.9 All type vapor retarders shall no
24、t corrode or delaminate,nor demonstrate, after exposure, a permeance greater than themaximum allowable for the type being tested, when tested inaccordance with 10.9.6.10 Maximum water weight per area absorbed by theservice-exposed side of Type VII-X vapor retarders shall be asshown in Table 1 when t
25、ested for surface water resistance inaccordance with 10.10.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Dimensions for roll or sheeted materials shall be asspecified by the purchaser.7.2 Tolerance for roll materials shall be 618 in. (63 mm) onwidth and +5, 0 % on length.7.3 Tolerance for sheet
26、ed materials shall be 618 in. (63mm) on length and width.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 There shall be no defects in materials or workmanshipthat will affect the required performance of the vapor retarder.8.2 There shall be no defects that adversely affect theappearance of the vapor retar
27、der.8.3 There shall be no defects that would affect ability of userto process material.9. Significance and Use9.1 Entrapment of water in thermal insulation caused bycondensation of water vapor that has penetrated into theinsulation is detrimental to the thermal resistance of theTABLE 1 Physical Prop
28、erty RequirementsAPhysical Properties Type I Type II Type III Type IV Type VII Type VIII Type IX Type XPermeance, maxPerms (ngPa1s1m2)0.02 (1.15) 0.02 (1.15) 0.10 (5.75) 0.10 (5.75) 0.01 (0.58) 0.02 (1.15) 0.00 (0.00) 0.02 (1.15)Burst Strength, minpsi (kPa)55 (380) 35 (240) 55 (380) 35 (240) 70 (483
29、) 60 (414) 80 (552) 75 (518)Tensile, Machine Directionlb/in. width, min (N/mm width, min)45 (7.9) 30 (5.3) 45 (7.9) 30 (5.3) 11 (1.9) 8 (1.4) 25 (4.4) 60 (10.5)Tensile, Cross Directionlb/in. width, min (N/mm width, min)30 (5.3) 20 (3.5) 30 (5.3) 20 (3.5) 10 (1.7) 7 (1.2) 25 (4.4) 50 (8.8)Dimensional
30、 Change, maxpercent0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1 1 0.5 0.5Surface Water Resistance,max. g/m2water absorptionn/a n/a n/a n/a 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0ATypes V and VI were deleted in 2010 because these materials are no longer produced and were replaced with Types VII and VIII.C1136 17a2insulation. For this reason, in c
31、ertain installations wheretemperature and moisture conditions have the potential tocreate a vapor driving force toward the insulation, a deterrentto the passage of such vapor into the installed insulation needsto be provided. This is the primary function of the vaporretarder.9.2 In addition to the f
32、unction stated in 9.1, a vapor retarderhas the potential to provide physical protection and addedstrength to the insulation system.9.3 This specification is used to specify material by physicalproperty requirements that address the above prerequisites. Thedesigner of an insulation system, after dete
33、rmining the degreeof protection needed for the insulation, can use this specifica-tion to specify the appropriate type of vapor retarder when oneis required.10. Test Methods10.1 Water Vapor PermeanceTest water vapor permeancein accordance with Test Methods E96/E96M, Procedure A.10.2 Surface Burning
34、CharacteristicsTest in accordancewith Test Method E84.10.3 Tensile Strength:10.3.1 Test the tensile strength of plastic sheet vapor retard-ers in accordance with Test Method D882, with results reportedin pounds per inch width of specimen (Newtons per millimetrewidth).10.3.2 Test the tensile strength
35、 of all other vapor retarders inaccordance with Test Method D828, with results reported inpounds per inch of specimen width (Newtons per millimetrewidth).10.3.3 Tested specimens shall be 2 in. (51 mm) wide with 1in. (25 mm) between jaws.10.3.4 Since the criterion for jaw breaks of Test MethodD828 (a
36、 break within 1 in. of jaw) cannot be used with theabove specimen configuration, employ visual inspection andappropriate care to ensure that the clamping action is notinitiating breakage.10.4 Dimensional Stability:10.4.1 Test dimensional stability in accordance with TestMethod D1204.10.4.2 Expose th
37、e specimens to a temperature of 150 6 4F(66 6 2C) for 24 h.10.5 Fungi Resistance:10.5.1 Test fungi resistance in accordance with Test MethodC1338.10.5.2 For all tests, inoculate three specimens of the subjectsample. Growth on any of the three specimens constitutesfailure of the sample.10.5.3 Test bo
38、th sides of laminated products that use dis-similar materials, with the exception of a metallic foil side,which need not be tested.10.5.4 Test either side of single layer products such aspolymeric films.10.6 Thermal IntegrityTest in accordance with TestMethod C1263.10.7 Burst StrengthTest in accorda
39、nce with D774/D774MTest Method for Bursting Strength of Paper.10.7.1 Since only one side of the vapor retarder materialwill be exposed in service, only that side need be evaluated forburst strength.10.8 Permanence of Flame RetardancyTest in accordancewith TAPPI Test T461, Flame Resistance of Treated
40、 Paper andPaperboard.10.9 Elevated Temperature and Humidity ResistanceTestin accordance with Test Method C1258.10.10 Surface Water ResistanceTest the outer surface inaccordance with Test Method D3285.11. Sampling, Inspection, and Rejection of DefectiveMaterial11.1 A lot of material shall be consider
41、ed to be the largestquantity of a specific vapor retarder received by the purchaserunder one order, or, it so designated by the manufacturer, thatquantity of products identified as the particular lot.11.2 Aunit of material shall be considered to be the smallestpackaged quantity of vapor retarder wit
42、hin a lot, that is, oneroll in a lot of rolls or one bundle of sheets in a lot of sheetedmaterial.11.3 Inspection shall consist of any tests for specificationconformance the user deems necessary. Due to the impracti-cality of performing some tests on an inspection basis, the useris entitled to reque
43、st certification to specific test requirements.11.4 Incoming lots shall be sampled at a minimum rate of5 % of units received for inspection.11.5 If any nonconformance to specification is detectedwithin the 5 % sample, increase sampling to 10 % of the lot.11.6 If 50 % or more of the 10 % sampled unit
44、s is deter-mined to be defective, the lot shall be considered unacceptable.11.7 It shall be left to the discretion of the user whether tocontinue sampling for acceptable material. In any case, unitsfound defective shall be considered unacceptable and rejected.12. Certification12.1 When specified in
45、the purchaser order or contract, thepurchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-senting each lot have been either tested or inspected as directedin this specification and the requirements have been met. Whenspecified in the purchaser order or contract, a report of theresults shall
46、be furnished.12.2 Qualification RequirementsThe following require-ments are generally designated for initial product qualification:12.2.1 Permeance,12.2.2 Surface burning characteristics,12.2.3 Tensile strength,12.2.4 Dimensional stability,12.2.5 Fungi resistance,12.2.6 Thermal integrity,12.2.7 Burs
47、t Strength,12.2.8 Flame retardance permanence,12.2.9 Elevated temperature and humidity resistance, andC1136 17a312.2.10 Water resistance.12.3 Inspection RequirementsThe following requirementsare generally designated for acceptance sampling of lots ofqualified products:12.3.1 Dimensions.12.3.2 Workma
48、nship and appearance.13. Product Marking13.1 The packaged vapor retarder material shall bear iden-tification including the following information:13.1.1 Manufacturer,13.1.2 Product designation,13.1.3 Roll or sheet dimensions, and13.1.4 Lot number.13.2 If required by the user, the packaged material sh
49、all beara marking of conformance to this specification, such as:ASTMC1136, Type _.13.3 If required by the user, material which has beenclassified as to surface burning characteristics in accordancewith Test Method E84 by an independent testing laboratoryagreed upon by both parties, shall bear the authorized label ormarking of that institution.14. Packaging14.1 Unless otherwise specified, the material shall be sup-plied in the manufacturers standard commercial package.15. Keywords15.1 flexible; low permeance; thermal insulation; vaporretardersAPPEN
